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Mysql在Linux中的简单配置
1.启动Mysql服务命令:
[root@localhost ~]# service musqld start
2.登录数据库,默认的用户名是root,没有密码. 输入mysql后,直接按Enter键操作数据库:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
mysql>
3.设置root的密码:
[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -u root password "pwd"
4.使用密码登录数据库:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -ppwd
mysql>
5.设置数据库的编码格式为utf-8:
--查看mysql的默认编码:
mysql>show variables like ‘character%‘
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
--修改mysql的主要配置文件/etc/my.cnf文件. (如果/etc/目录下没有my.cnf文件,需要到/usr/share/mysql/下找到*.cnf文件,拷贝其中一个到/etc/并改名为my.cnf)中. 命令如下:
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf 注:拷贝*.cnf文件到/etc/并改名为my.cnf
--编辑my.cnf文件,添加如下所示红色代码
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
lower_case_table_names=1
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
character-set-server=utf8
init_connect=‘SET NAMES utf8‘
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
--退出编辑命令:按Esc键,输入: 号,再输入x 保存并退出.这样数据库的编码格式就设定好了.
--重启mysql服务:
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld restart
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -ppwd
mysql>show variables like ‘character%‘
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
6.创建用户:
mysql> insert into mysql.user（Host,User,Password) values (‘localhost‘，‘name‘，password(‘pwd‘));
mysql> flush privileges; 注:刷新权限
7.创建数据库,库名为dbname:
mysql> create database dbname;
8.将操作数据库dbname的所有权限分配给name用户:
mysql> grant all privileges on dbname.* to name@‘%‘ identified by ‘pwd‘; 注:这里的 ‘%‘ 可以用localhost代替,‘%‘的好处是远程机器可以用该用户访问
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql>\q 注:退出mysql
9.用root登录mysql,删除其他用户:
mysql> DELETE FROM user WHERE User=‘name‘ and Host=‘localhost‘; 注:删除用户
mysql> drop database dbname; 注:删除数据库
10.开放mysql的3306端口,使远程机器可以访问.
--首先确定要远程用户的host是否是%,如果不是请用root登录mysql并设置host为%
mysql> update mysql.user set host = ‘%‘ where user = ‘name‘;
mysql> select host ,user from mysql.user;
--打开防火墙文件,增加如下红色行:
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
--重启防火墙:
[root@localhost ~]# service iptables restart
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/chen5014/p/4772085.html
