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1.Memcached Client简要介绍
Memcached Client目前有3种:
1.Memcached Client for Java 2.SpyMemcached 3.XMemcached
这三种Client一直存在各种争议:
Memcached Client for Java 比 SpyMemcached更稳定、更早、更广泛;SpyMemcached 比 Memcached Client for Java更高效;XMemcached 比 SpyMemcache并发效果更好。
具体可以参考官方性能对比:
Memcached Client for Java: https://github.com/gwhalin/Memcached-Java-Client/wiki/PERFORMANCE
XMemcached: http://xmemcached.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/benchmark/benchmark.html
2.XMemcached特性
高性能;支持完整的memcached文本协议,二进制协议;支持JMX,可以通过MBean调整性能参数、动态添加/移除server、查看统计等;支持客户端统计;支持memcached节点的动态增减;支持memcached分布:余数分布和一致性哈希分布;更多的性能调整选项。
3.XMemcached简单实现
MemcachedClientBuilder是MemcachedClient核心接口,用来控制Client的构建(build()方法)和关闭(shutdown()方法)。 通过build()方法获得 MemcachedClient
然后就可以通过Memcached进行set、get、replace、delete等Memcached操作了!
import static junit.framework.Assert.*; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException; import net.rubyeye.xmemcached.MemcachedClient; import net.rubyeye.xmemcached.MemcachedClientBuilder; import net.rubyeye.xmemcached.XMemcachedClientBuilder; import net.rubyeye.xmemcached.command.BinaryCommandFactory; import net.rubyeye.xmemcached.exception.MemcachedException; import net.rubyeye.xmemcached.utils.AddrUtil; import org.junit.Test; public class MemcachedClientTest { @Test public void test() { MemcachedClientBuilder builder = new XMemcachedClientBuilder( AddrUtil.getAddresses("192.168.1.110:11211 192.168.1.111:11211"),new int[] { 1, 1}); // 设置连接池大小,即客户端个数 builder.setConnectionPoolSize(50); // 宕机报警 builder.setFailureMode(true); // 使用二进制文件 builder.setCommandFactory(new BinaryCommandFactory()); // 使用一致性哈希算法(Consistent Hash Strategy) builder.setSessionLocator(new KetamaMemcachedSessionLocator()); // 使用序列化传输编码 builder.setTranscoder(new SerializingTranscoder()); // 进行数据压缩,大于1KB时进行压缩 builder.getTranscoder().setCompressionThreshold(1024); MemcachedClient memcachedClient = null; try { memcachedClient = builder.build(); try { // 设置/获取 memcachedClient.set("aa", 36000, "set/get"); assertEquals("set/get", memcachedClient.get("aa")); // 替换 memcachedClient.replace("aa", 36000, "replace"); assertEquals("replace", memcachedClient.get("aa")); // 移除 memcachedClient.delete("aa"); assertNull(memcachedClient.get("aa")); } catch (TimeoutException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (MemcachedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (memcachedClient != null) { try { memcachedClient.shutdown(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }
4.XMemcached与Spring集成
XMemcached与Spring集成可以参考http://code.google.com/p/xmemcached/wiki/Spring_Integration,这里只说最常用的方法。
memcached.properties做基本配置:
#连接池大小即客户端个数 memcached.connectionPoolSize=50 memcached.failureMode=true #server1 memcached.server1.host=192.168.1.110 memcached.server1.port=11211 memcached.server1.weight=1 #server2 memcached.server2.host=192.168.1.111 memcached.server2.port=11211 memcached.server2.weight=2
XML配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- http://code.google.com/p/xmemcached/wiki/Spring_Integration --> <context:property-placeholder location="memcached.properties" /> <bean id="memcachedClientBuilder" class="net.rubyeye.xmemcached.XMemcachedClientBuilder" p:connectionPoolSize="${memcached.connectionPoolSize}" p:failureMode="${memcached.failureMode}"> <!-- XMemcachedClientBuilder have two arguments.First is server list,and second is weights array. --> <constructor-arg> <list> <bean class="java.net.InetSocketAddress"> <constructor-arg> <value>${memcached.server1.host}</value> </constructor-arg> <constructor-arg> <value>${memcached.server1.port}</value> </constructor-arg> </bean> <bean class="java.net.InetSocketAddress"> <constructor-arg> <value>${memcached.server2.host}</value> </constructor-arg> <constructor-arg> <value>${memcached.server2.port}</value> </constructor-arg> </bean> </list> </constructor-arg> <constructor-arg> <list> <value>${memcached.server1.weight}</value> <value>${memcached.server2.weight}</value> </list> </constructor-arg> <property name="commandFactory"> <bean class="net.rubyeye.xmemcached.command.TextCommandFactory" /> </property> <property name="sessionLocator"> <bean class="net.rubyeye.xmemcached.impl.KetamaMemcachedSessionLocator" /> </property> <property name="transcoder"> <bean class="net.rubyeye.xmemcached.transcoders.SerializingTranscoder" /> </property> </bean> <!-- Use factory bean to build memcached client --> <bean id="memcachedClient" factory-bean="memcachedClientBuilder" factory-method="build" destroy-method="shutdown" /> </beans>
这里的 memcachedClientBuilder节点完成 MemcachedClientBuilder,然后通过 memcachedClient节点配置 factory-method,调用 MemcachedClientBuilder的build()方法产生 MemcachedClient,并配置 destroy-method进行关闭。
有了Spring容器支持,我们不需要在代码中进行配置,也不需要重复调用build()跟shutdown()方法,这些操作交给Spring来完成。
import static junit.framework.Assert.*; import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException; import net.rubyeye.xmemcached.MemcachedClient; import net.rubyeye.xmemcached.exception.MemcachedException; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class MemcachedSpringTest { private ApplicationContext app; private MemcachedClient memcachedClient; @Before public void init() { app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); memcachedClient = (MemcachedClient) app.getBean("memcachedClient"); } @Test public void test() { try { // 设置/获取 memcachedClient.set("aa", 36000, "set/get"); assertEquals("set/get", memcachedClient.get("aa")); // 替换 memcachedClient.replace("aa", 36000, "replace"); assertEquals("replace", memcachedClient.get("aa")); // 移除 memcachedClient.delete("aa"); assertNull(memcachedClient.get("aa")); } catch (TimeoutException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (MemcachedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } }
Memcached的Key,要杜绝使用空格,且长度控制在250个字符。
Memcached的Value,要控制体积,必须小于1MB,必要时进行使用压缩。
失效时间,0为永久有效,最大值不得超过30天(2592000s),否则重新计算可能缓存只有1秒
Memcached仅支持LRU算法,完全适用你的需要。
尽量不要将List这种重体积对象扔到Memcached中,传输、存储都会产生瓶颈。
使用一致性哈希算法实现,提高多个Memcacehd Server利用率。
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原文地址:http://my.oschina.net/u/933928/blog/500296