标签：邮件服务器 修改密码 用户登录 互联网应用 客户端软件
一、安装前的准备工作
当用户登录到postfix发送邮件时，调用cyrus-sasl的库函数，并通过courier-authlib来进行mysql认证，如认证通过，则可以发送邮件，如所发邮件是本机所接受的邮件，则直接通过postfix存储到mailbox中，而其他用户要想收邮件，dovecot可以实现pop3和imap的MDA功能，而此过程，可通过配置dovecot使用mysql来进行对收取邮件的认证；extmail是实现通过web来代替outlook来实现MUA功能的，用户登录web的认证，也能通过mysql来实现，extman的功能是可以通过用户的注册，修改密码等请求来对账户进行管理的，如同163邮箱一样。
关于邮件服务器的几个名词: MUA=====》用户代理端，即用户使用的写信、收信客户端软件 MTA=====》邮件传送端，即常说的邮件服务器，用于转发、收取用户邮件。 MDA=====》邮件代理端，相当于MUA和MTA的中间人，可用于过滤垃圾邮件。 POP=====》邮局协议，用于MUA连接服务器收取用户邮件，通信端口110。 IMOP====》互联网应用协议，功能较POP多，通信端口143。 SMTP====》简单邮件传送协议，MUA连接MTA或MTA连接MTA发送邮件使用此协议，通信端口25。
postfix的官网: http://www.postfix.org/
Courier-authlib(邮件验证库)的官网: http://www.courier-mta.org/authlib/
Dovecot的官网: http://www.dovecot.org/
##IMAP/POP3服务器用以接收外界发送到本机的邮件
关于curus-sasl: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/cvs/postlfs/cyrus-sasl.html
##用以实现用户认证服务
extmail官网:http://www.extmail.org/
##国内唯一开源免费的WebMail邮件服务器，最新开源版1.2版是09就发布了的，不过最近 可能会发布1.3版
①安装所需软件包:
# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm # rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm # yum install httpd mysql mysql-server mysql-devel openssl openssl-devel dovecot dovecot-mysql tcl tcl-devel libart_lgpl libart_lgpl-devel libtool-ltdl libtool-ltdl-devel expect expect-devel gcc gcc-c++ # yum install cyrus-sasl-md5 perl-GD perl-DBD-MySQL perl-GD perl-CPAN perl-CGI perl-CGI-Session cyrus-sasl-lib cyrus-sasl-plain cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-devel telnet libicu-devel
注:由于centos7默认安装数据库为MariaDB，所以需要添加MySQL的yum源
②添加相关用户和组
# yum remove postfix ##删除centos7自带postfix # userdel postfix # groupdel postdrop # groupadd -g 2525 postfix # useradd -g postfix -u 2525 -s /sbin/nologin -M postfix # groupadd -g 2526 postdrop # useradd -g postdrop -u 2526 -s /sbin/nologin -M postdrop
注:postdrop - Postfix mail posting utility(直译:后缀邮件发送工具)
http://www.postfix.org/postdrop.1.html
③启动依赖服务
# systemctl start mysql.service # chkconfig mysqld on # systemctl start saslauthd.service # chkconfig saslauthd on
二、安装配置postfix
①安装postfix
# wget ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/packages/mail-server/postfix/official/postfix-3.0.2.tar.gz # tar -zxvf postfix-3.0.2.tar.gz # cd postfix-3.0.2/ # make makefiles ‘CCARGS=-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/include/mysql -DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -I/usr/include/sasl -DUSE_TLS ‘ ‘AUXLIBS=-L/usr/lib64/mysql -lmysqlclient -lz -lrt -lm -L/usr/lib64/sasl2 -lsasl2 -lssl -lcrypto‘ ###CCARGS参数:为编译器提供额外的参数 ###AUXLIBS参数:指出位于标准位置之外的额外函数库 ### -DUSE:使其可使用SASL、TLS功能 ###-I:指出标准的额外头文件的存放目录 ###-DHAS_MYSQL:使其支持MySQL驱动 ###-lz=====>压缩库文件 ###-lm=====>模块文件 # make # make install install_root: [/] ##指定postfix的安装目录 tempdir: [/root/postfix-3.0.2] /tmp/postfix ##指定临时文件目录 config_directory: [/etc/postfix] ##指定配置文件目录 command_directory: [/usr/sbin] ##指定命令文件目录 daemon_directory: [/usr/libexec/postfix] ##指定守护进程目录 data_directory: [/var/lib/postfix] ##指定数据文件目录 html_directory: [no] /var/www/html/postfix ##指定HTML的目录 mail_owner: [postfix] ##指定postfix的所有者队列 mailq_path: [/usr/bin/mailq] ##指定mailq命令的路径 manpage_directory: [/usr/local/man] ##指定man手册安装目录 newaliases_path: [/usr/bin/newaliases] queue_directory: [/var/spool/postfix] readme_directory: [no] sendmail_path: [/usr/sbin/sendmail] setgid_group: [postdrop] shlib_directory: [no] ##指定共享库文件 meta_directory: [/etc/postfix] ##指定可执行文件目录
编译出现的错误1:
make -f Makefile.in MAKELEVEL= Makefiles (echo "# Do not edit -- this file documents how Postfix was built for your machine."; /bin/sh makedefs) >makedefs.tmp makedefs:行726: gcc: 未找到命令 make: *** [Makefiles] 错误 1 make: *** [makefiles] 错误 2
未安装gcc
编译出现的错误2:
make -f Makefile.in MAKELEVEL= Makefiles (echo "# Do not edit -- this file documents how Postfix was built for your machine."; /bin/sh makedefs) >makedefs.tmp No <db.h> include file found. Install the appropriate db*-devel package first. make: *** [Makefiles] 错误 1 make: *** [makefiles] 错误 2
在编译时出现上述错误的原因是相应软件包没有安装完全造成的，至于网络上所说的安装DB4-devel包之类的不靠谱，libdb4(Berkeley DB)安装后依然报如上错误。
②启动postfix
问题1:
# postfix start postfix/postfix-script: warning: not owned by postfix: /var/lib/postfix/. postfix/postfix-script: warning: not owned by postfix: /var/lib/postfix/./master.lock postfix/postfix-script: warning: not owned by postfix: /var/spool/postfix/private postfix/postfix-script: warning: not owned by postfix: /var/spool/postfix/public postfix/postfix-script: warning: not owned by group postdrop: /var/spool/postfix/public postfix/postfix-script: starting the Postfix mail system postfix/postfix-script: fatal: mail system startup failed
解决方法:
# chown -R postfix.postfix /var/lib/postfix/./master.lock # chown -R postfix.postfix /var/spool/postfix/private # chown -R postfix.postdrop /var/spool/postfix/public # postfix start
问题2:
# postfix start postfix/postfix-script: warning: not owned by postfix: /var/lib/postfix/. postfix/postfix-script: starting the Postfix mail system postfix/postfix-script: fatal: mail system startup failed
解决方法:
# chown -R postfix.postfix /var/lib/postfix/.
③生成别名二进制文件：
# newaliases
三、配置postfix并测试
①配置postfix
# vi /etc/postfix/main.cf myhostname = mail.zhi.com #设定Mail服务器域名 mydomain = zhi.com ##指定域名 myorigin = zhi.com ##指定发件人地址 inet_interfaces = all ##指定postfix系统监听的网络接口 mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain ##指定postfix接收邮件时收件人的域名 mynetworks_style = subnet ##指定信任网段类型，即允许转发的来源网段，可选subnet子网，class 网段，host本机 mynetworks = 192.168.10.0/24, 127.0.0.0/8 ##允许转发的来源IP relay_domains = $mydestination ## 指定允许中转邮件的域名 inet_protocols = ipv4 ##指定支持的协议
注:主机名需与Mail服务器域名一致
②snmp登录并测试邮件发送:
[root@mail ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 25 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is ‘^]‘. 220 mail.zhi.com ESMTP Postfix ehlo localhost ##握手 250-mail.zhi.com 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10240000 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250-DSN 250 SMTPUTF8 mail from:root@localhost ##指定发送邮件的账号 250 2.1.0 Ok rcpt to:sd@localhost ##指定接收邮件的账号 250 2.1.5 Ok data ##输入data命令，开始写邮件 354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> Subject:test postfix ##邮件主题 hello ##内容 . ##表示邮件完成 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as A49F33EA87E quit ##退出 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host.
③查看是否收到邮件:
$ sudo mail ##进入该用户，sudo到mail查看 Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help. "/var/spool/mail/sd": 1 message 1 new ##提示有一封新邮件 >N 1 root@localhost Fri Sep 11 11:30 15/452 "t test postfix" ##邮件列表 & 1 ##输入1进行查看，有多封邮件时，输入对应编号即可查看 Message 1: From root@localhost Fri Sep 11 11:30:46 2015 Return-Path: <root@localhost> X-Original-To: sd@localhost Delivered-To: sd@localhost Subject:tr Subject:test postfix Date: Fri, 11 Sep 2015 11:29:08 +0800 (CST) From: root@localhost Status: R hello
四、配置DNS服务器
①测试邮件发送
[root@mail ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 25 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is ‘^]‘. 220 mail.zhi.com ESMTP Postfix helo localhost 250 mail.zhi.com ehlo localhost 250-mail.zhi.com 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10240000 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250-DSN 250 SMTPUTF8 mail from:admin@google.com 250 2.1.0 Ok rcpt to:sd@zhi.com 250 2.1.5 Ok data 354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> subject : google hello,welcome to google...... . 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 606F53EA87E quit 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host.
②登录该用户进行查看
$ sudo mail Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help. "/var/spool/mail/sd": 2 messages 1 unread 1 root@localhost Fri Sep 11 11:30 16/463 "t test postfix" >U 2 admin@google.com Fri Sep 11 13:41 15/469 "google" & 2 Message 2: From admin@google.com Fri Sep 11 13:41:45 2015 Return-Path: <admin@google.com> X-Original-To: sd@zhi.com Delivered-To: sd@zhi.com subject: google Date: Fri, 11 Sep 2015 13:40:04 +0800 (CST) From: admin@google.com Status: RO hello,welcome to google......
注:这里显示是Google发来的邮件，但事实并不是这样，所有我们需要DNS来防止地址伪造
③安装Bind服务器并配置
# yum install bind bind-utils
# vi /etc/named.conf
# listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };
# listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; ##注释或删除以上两行
# vi /etc/named.rfc1912.zones ##配置区域文件
zone "zhi.com" IN { ##定义正向区域
type master; ##定义为主域名服务器
file "zhi.com.zone"; ##指定区域资源文件位置
allow-update { none; }; ##禁止更新
allow-transfer { none;}; ##禁止区域传送
};
zone "10.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN { ##定义反向区域
type master;
file "192.168.10.zone";
allow-update { none; };
allow-transfer { none;};
};
# named-checkconf /etc/named.conf ##检测配置
# cd /var/named/
# vi zhi.com.zone ##新建区域资源文件位置
$TTL 600
@ IN SOA ns.zhi.com admin.zhi.com. (
2015091111
2H
10M
3D
1D)
IN NS ns
IN MX 10 mail
www IN A 192.168.10.128
ns IN A 192.168.10.128
mail IN A 192.168.10.128
# cp zhi.com.zone 192.168.10.zone
# vi 192.168.10.zone
$TTL 600
@ IN SOA ns.zhi.com admin.zhi.com. (
2015091111
2H
10M
3D
1D)
IN NS ns.zhi.com.
1 IN PTR ns.zhi.com
1 IN PTR mail.zhi.com
1 IN PTR www.zhi.com
# named-checkzone "zhi.com" zhi.com.zone
zone zhi.com/IN: loaded serial 2015091111
OK
# named-checkzone "10.168.192.in-addr.arpa" 192.168.10.zone
zone 10.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 2015091111
OK出现的错误:
# named-checkzone "10.168.192.in-addr.arpa" 192.168.10.zone zone 10.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: NS ‘ns.zhi.com.10.168.192.in-addr.arpa‘ has no address records (A or AAAA) zone 10.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: not loaded due to errors.
原因:区域资源文件编辑不完整，切记NS记录后域名的“.”。
④更改权限并启动Bind
# chgrp named zhi.com.zone 192.168.10.zone ##更改组名 # chmod 640 zhi.com.zone 192.168.10.zone ##更改权限 # named-checkzone "zhi.com" zhi.com.zone ##检查语法 # named-checkzone "10.168.192.in-addr.arpa" 192.168.10.zone # systemctl start named.service # chkconfig named on
⑤测试DNS
# dig -t MX zhi.com @192.168.10.128 ##查看MX记录
# dig -t A mail.zhi.com ##查询A记录
# dig -t A mail.zhi.com @192.168.10.128
# dig -x 192.168.10.128 @192.168.10.128 ##查看反向解析
问题及解决方法:
# dig -t MX zhi.com @192.168.10.128
; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-18.el7_1.5 <<>> -t MX zhi.com @192.168.10.128
;; global options: +cmd
;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached
# vi /etc/named.conf
# listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };
# listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; ##监听IP出错，更改或将该两行注释、删除
# systemctl restart named.service五、为postfix开启基于cyrus-sasl的认证功能
①验证postfix是否支持cyrus风格的sasl认证
# /usr/sbin/postconf -a cyrus dovecot
②配置postfix
# vi /etc/postfix/main.cf ############################CYRUS-SASL############################ broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes ##使用SSL验证客户端身份 smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_invalid_hostname,reject_non_fqdn_hostname,reject_unknown_sender_domain,reject_non_fqdn_sender,reject_non_fqdn_recipient,reject_unknown_recipient_domain,reject_unauth_pipelining,reject_unauth_destination ###收件人限定 smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes ##启用SSL认证 smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname ##SSL认证的本地域 smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous ##不支持匿名用户 smtpd_sasl_path = smtpd ##指定需使用SSL认证的程序 smtpd_banner = Welcome to our $myhostname ESMTP,Warning: Version not Available! ##欢迎信息
# vi /usr/lib64/sasl2/smtpd.conf ##新建文件并添加如下 pwcheck_method: saslauthd ##指定密码检查方法 mech_list: PLAIN LOGIN ##指定认证机制
# postfix reload ##重新加载postfix postfix/postfix-script: refreshing the Postfix mail system # systemctl start saslauthd.service
③验证一下
# telnet localhost 25 Trying ::1... telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is ‘^]‘. 220 Welcome to our localhost.localdomain ESMTP,Warning: Version not Available! ehlo mail.zhi.com 250-localhost.localdomain 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10240000 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN 250-AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN ##出现以上两行说明cyrus-sasl认证功能已添加成功 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250-DSN 250 SMTPUTF8 quit 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host.
六、安装Courier authentication library
①安装courier-unicode
# wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/courier/courier-unicode/1.3/courier-unicode-1.3.tar.bz2 # tar -jxvf courier-unicode-1.3.tar.bz2 # cd courier-unicode-1.3 # ./confgure # make # make install
错误1:如configure出现/libtool: line 1125: g++: command not found是由于缺少gcc的C++模块，
yum install gcc-c++即可。
错误2:courier-unicode-1.4是刚推出的，CentOS7系统configure时老出错，换成1.3版本即编译成功。
注:编译安装courier-authlib时会提示安装该程序，我第二次安装时先编译该程序后再编译courier-authlib，提示找不到文件或目录，不能进行指定，所有最好还是先编译courier-authlib，等提示了在编译courier-unicode。
②安装courier-authlib
# wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/courier/authlib/0.66.3/courier-authlib-0.66.3.tar.bz2 # tar -jxvf courier-authlib-0.66.3.tar.bz2 # cd courier-authlib-0.66.3/ #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/courier-authlib --sysconfdir=/etc --without-authpam --without-authshadow --without-authvchkpw --without-authpgsql --with-authmysql --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib64/mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql --with-redhat --with-authmysqlrc=/etc/authmysqlrc --with-authdaemonrc=/etc/authdaemonrc --with-mailuser=postfix --with-mailgroup=postfix # make # make install
# chmod 755 /usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon # cp /etc/authdaemonrc.dist /etc/authdaemonrc # cp /etc/authmysqlrc.dist /etc/authmysqlrc
# vi /etc/authdaemonrc ##修改如下内容 authmodulelist="authmysql" authmodulelistorig="authmysql" daemons=10
③配置其通过mysql进行邮件帐号认证
# vi /etc/authmysqlrc MYSQL_SERVER localhost MYSQL_USERNAME extmail MYSQL_PASSWORD extmail MYSQL_SOCKET /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock MYSQL_PORT 3306 MYSQL_DATABASE extmail MYSQL_USER_TABLE mailx MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD password MYSQL_UID_FIELD ‘2525‘ MYSQL_GID_FIELD ‘2525‘ MYSQL_LOGIN_FIELD username MYSQL_HOME_FIELD concat(‘/var/mailbox/‘,homedir) MYSQL_NAME_FIELD name MYSQL_MAILDIR_FIELD concat(‘/var/mailbox/‘,maildir)
④添加相关系统服务
# cd courier-authlib-0.66.3/ # cp courier-authlib.sysvinit /etc/rc.d/init.d/courier-authlib ##添加服务脚本 # chmod 755 /etc/init.d/courier-authlib # chkconfig --add courier-authlib # chkconfig courier-authlib on # echo "/usr/local/courier-authlib/lib/courier-authlib" >>/etc/ld.so.conf.d/courier-authlib.conf ##添加库文件 # ldconfig -v |grep courier ##查看库文件是否载入 /usr/local/courier-authlib/lib/courier-authlib: libcourierauthcommon.so -> libcourierauthcommon.so libcourierauthsaslclient.so -> libcourierauthsaslclient.so libcourierauthsasl.so -> libcourierauthsasl.so libcourierauth.so -> libcourierauth.so # systemctl start courier-authlib.service ##开启服务 # ps -aux |grep courier ##查看进程是否启动
⑤配置postfix和courier-authlib
新建虚拟用户邮箱所在的目录，并将其权限赋予postfix用户:
# mkdir –pv /var/mailbox # chown -R postfix /var/mailbox # vi /usr/lib64/sasl2/smtpd.conf ##增加如下内容 log_level: 3 authdaemond_path:/usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket
七、配置postfix支持虚拟域和虚拟用户
编辑/etc/postfix/main.cf文件，添加如下:
# vi /etc/postfix/main.cf ########################Virtual Mailbox Settings######################## virtual_mailbox_base = /var/mailbox virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf virtual_alias_domains = virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf virtual_uid_maps = static:2525 virtual_gid_maps = static:2525 virtual_transport = virtual maildrop_destination_recipient_limit = 1 maildrop_destination_concurrency_limit = 1 ##########################QUOTA Settings######################## message_size_limit = 14336000 virtual_mailbox_limit = 20971520 virtual_create_maildirsize = yes virtual_mailbox_extended = yes virtual_mailbox_limit_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf virtual_mailbox_limit_override = yes virtual_maildir_limit_message = Sorry, the user‘s maildir has overdrawn his diskspace quota, please Tidy your mailbox and try again later. virtual_overquota_bounce = yes
八、配置dovecot
# vi /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf ##添加如下内容
protocols = imap pop3
mail_location = maildir:/var/mailbox/%d/%n/Maildir
……
auth default {
mechanisms = plain
passdb sql {
args = /etc/dovecot-mysql.conf
}
userdb sql {
args = /etc/dovecot-mysql.conf
}
……# vi /etc/dovecot/dovecot-mysql.conf driver = mysql connect = host=localhost dbname=extmail user=extmail password=extmail default_pass_scheme = CRYPT password_query = SELECT username AS user,password AS password FROM mailbox WHERE username = ‘%u‘ user_query = SELECT maildir, uidnumber AS uid, gidnumber AS gid FROM mailbox WHERE username = ‘%u‘
# systemctl start dovecot.service # chkconfig dovecot on
九、安装extman和extmail
①下载extman和extmail
# wget http://7xivyw.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/extmail-1.2.tar.gz # wget http://7xivyw.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/extman-1.1.tar.gz
②创建目录并解压extmail
# mkdir -p /var/www/extsuite # tar -zxvf extmail-1.2.tar.gz # mv extmail-1.2 /var/www/extsuite/extmail # chown -R postfix.postfix /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi/ ##修改extmail的cgi目录的属主和属组
③配置extmail
# cd /var/www/extsuite/extmail/ # cp webmail.cf.default webmail.cf # vi webmail.cf SYS_SESS_DIR=/tmp/extmail SYS_UPLOAD_TMPDIR=/tmp/extmail/upload SYS_USER_LANG=zh_CN ##修改web界面显示的语言 SYS_MESSAGE_SIZE_LIMIT = 5242880 ##用户可以发送的最大邮件(默认5M) SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /var/mailbox ##修改为前文中所设置的用户邮件的存放目录 SYS_MYSQL_USER = extmail SYS_MYSQL_PASS = extmail ##修改连接数据库的用户名和密码 SYS_MYSQL_HOST = localhost ##指定数据库主机名 SYS_MYSQL_SOCKET = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock ##连接数据库的sock文件的存放位置 SYS_MYSQL_TABLE = mailbox SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_USERNAME = username SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_DOMAIN = domain SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_PASSWD = password SYS_AUTHLIB_SOCKET = /usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket ##指明authdaemon socket 的文件存放位置
④解决依赖关系
# yum install perl-Unix-Syslog
注:如无本软件，登录extmail页面时会提示错误，提示安装该软件。
如直接yum没有包，可以添加第三方yum源EPEL进行下载，方法参见本博。
⑤安装并配置extman
# tar -zxvf extman-1.1.tar.gz -C /var/www/extsuite/ # cd /var/www/extsuite/ # mv extman-1.1 extman # cd extman # cp webman.cf.default webman.cf # vi webman.cf SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /var/mailbox ##改为前文中所设置的用户邮件的存放目录 SYS_CAPTCHA_ON = 0 ##关闭验证码 SYS_DEFAULT_SERVICES = webmail,smtpd,smtp,pop3,netdisk,imap ##添加对imap协议的支持 SYS_DEFAULT_UID = 2525 ##设置用户ID SYS_DEFAULT_GID = 2525 ##设置用户组的ID SYS_MYSQL_USER = extmail SYS_MYSQL_PASS = extmail ##连接数据库的用户名和密码 SYS_MYSQL_SOCKET = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock ##连接数据库的sock文件的存放位置 # chown -R postfix.postfix /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi##修改extman 的cgi目录的属主和属组 # mkdir -pv /tmp/extman # chown postfix.postfix /tmp/extman
# cp /var/www/extsuite/extman/docs/mysql_virtual_* /etc/postfix/ ##拷贝支持虚拟域和虚拟用户所用到的配置文件 # cd /var/www/extsuite/extman/docs # sed -i ‘s/TYPE=MyISAM/ENGINE=MyISAM/g‘ extmail.sql # sed -i ‘s/TYPE=MyISAM/ENGINE=MyISAM/g‘ init.sql ##对以上两文件进行更改，不然会导入错误 # mysql -u root -p < extmail.sql # mysql -u root -p < init.sql ##导入以上两文件至MySQL数据库 # mysql -u root ##这里我们是默认的，没有密码 mysql> grant all on extmail.* to extmail@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘extmail‘; mysql> grant all on extmail.* to extmail@‘127.0.0.1‘ identified by ‘extmail‘; mysql> flush privileges; ##授予extmail用户访问extmail数据库权限并刷新权限
注:启用虚拟域后，需取消中心域，即注释掉myhostname, mydestination, mydomain, myorigin几个指令
问题:
# mysql -u root -p < extmail.sql Enter password: ERROR 1364 (HY000) at line 31: Field ‘ssl_cipher‘ doesn‘t have a default value
解决方法:
# vi /etc/my.cnf 将sql-mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION 更改为sql_mode=NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION # systemctl restart mysql.service
⑥重启postfix
# postfix stop # postfix check ##进行配置检查 # postfix start
十、配置httpd服务器
# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf User postfix Group postfix <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName mail.zhi.com DocumentRoot /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html/ ScriptAlias /extmail/cgi /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi Alias /extmail /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html ScriptAlias /extman/cgi /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi Alias /extman /var/www/extsuite/extman/html </VirtualHost> #DocumentRoot /var/www/html ##注释掉该行 # systemctl start httpd.service
# vi /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 mail.zhi.com
在浏览器中输入mail.zhi.com:
提示:Unix::Syslog not found, please install it first!
解决方法:在第九部分安装extman和extmail中已经说过了，直接yum install perl-Unix-Syslog
刷新进入extmail页面
输入用户名和密码登录邮箱管理【默认用户名:root@extmail.org；默认密码:extmail*123*】
登录邮箱管理后出现的问题:
Can‘t open /tmp/extman//sid_c81e7e25d1009368071502ec9842fac0, No such file or directory
原因:extman的临时文件默认是放到/tmp/extman下的，CentOS、RHEL会不定期清理tmp文件夹下的文件
解决方法:
# mkdir -p /var/www/extsuite/extman/session # chmod 777 -R /var/www/extsuite/extman/session # vi /var/www/extsuite/extman/webman.cf SYS_SESS_DIR = /var/www/extsuite/extman/session
成功登录后台
新建用户并测试
这里显示已经收到邮件
测试发送邮件至163邮件
(由于我们的域名并不存在，其他如QQ邮箱等会将邮件当垃圾邮件拦截，无法发送，还是163人性化)
也能发送成功，当然由于我们的域名不存在，所以无法回信了
问题1:
# tail -f /var/log/httpd/error_log Prototype mismatch: sub Encode::IMAPUTF7::decode ($$;$) vs none at /var/www/extsuite/extman/libs/Encode/IMAPUTF7.pm line 76
解决方法:
# wget https://cpan.metacpan.org/authors/id/P/PM/PMAKHOLM/Encode-IMAPUTF7-1.05.tar.gz # tar -zxvf Encode-IMAPUTF7-1.05.tar.gz # cd Encode-IMAPUTF7-1.05/ # perl Makefile.PL # cd lib/Encode/ # cp IMAPUTF7.pm /var/www/extsuite/extman/libs/Encode/ # systemctl restart httpd.service
问题2:
新建用户后登录提示:
Insecure dependency in sprintf while running with -T switch at /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/Unix/Syslog.pm line 59.
解决方法:
# vi /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi/index.cgi #!/usr/bin/perl -wT ##将该行的T去掉即可
问题3:
登录后台管理系统无法显示系统信息，提示No such file or directory，安装网络上说的
# ps aux | grep cmdserver
# kill -9 xxxx
# /var/www/extsuite/extman/daemon/cmdserver -v -d
并未解决问题，不知道是不是版本久远的原因啊
附1:该处内容更为完备:
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23914782-id-2856289.html
附2:Ubuntu关于postfix的wiki:
http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/Postfix
http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/Postfix_%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97
http://my.oschina.net/baratsemet/blog/413923
本文出自 “记事本” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://wangzhijian.blog.51cto.com/6427016/1695401
Postfix+Sasl+Courier-authlib+Dovecot+MySQL+extmail实现WebMail
标签：邮件服务器 修改密码 用户登录 互联网应用 客户端软件
原文地址：http://wangzhijian.blog.51cto.com/6427016/1695401
