网络图片的获取以及二级缓存策略（Volley框架+内存LruCache+磁盘DiskLruCache）

时间：2015-10-18 22:57:39 阅读：338 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

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在开发安卓应用中避免不了要使用到网络图片，获取网络图片很简单，但是需要付出一定的代价——流量。对于少数的图片而言问题不大，但如果手机应用中包含大量的图片，这势必会耗费用户的一定流量，如果我们不加以处理，每次打开应用都去网络获取图片，那么用户可就不乐意了，这里的处理就是指今天要讲的缓存策略（缓存层分为三层：内存层，磁盘层，网络层）。

　　关于缓存层的工作，当我们第一次打开应用获取图片时，先到网络去下载图片，然后依次存入内存缓存，磁盘缓存，当我们再一次需要用到刚才下载的这张图片时，就不需要再重复的到网络上去下载，直接可以从内存缓存和磁盘缓存中找，由于内存缓存速度较快，我们优先到内存缓存中寻找该图片，如果找到则运用，如果没有找到（内存缓存大小有限），那么我们再到磁盘缓存中去找。只要我们合理的去协调这三层缓存运用，便可以提升应用性能和用户体验。

1、内存层：（手机内存）

内存缓存相对于磁盘缓存而言，速度要来的快很多，但缺点容量较小且会被系统回收，这里的实现我用到了LruCache。

LruCache这个类是Android3.1版本中提供的，如果你是在更早的Android版本中开发，则需要导入android-support-v4的jar包。

磁盘层：（SD卡）

相比内存缓存而言速度要来得慢很多，但容量很大，这里的实现我用到了DiskLruCache类。

DiskLruCache是非Google官方编写，但获得官方认证的硬盘缓存类，该类没有限定在Android内，所以理论上java应用也可以使用DiskLreCache来缓存。

这是DiskLruCache类的下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hq0D53m

网络层：（移动网络，无线网络）

这个就没什么解释的了，就是我们上网用的流量。这里的网络访问实现我用到了开源框架Volley。

开源框架Volley是2013年Google I/O大会发布的，Volley是Android平台上的网络通信库，能使网络通信更快，更简单，更健壮。它的设计目标就是非常适合去进行数据量不大，但通信频繁的网络操作，而对于大数据量的网络操作，比如说下载文件等，Volley的表现就会非常糟糕。

这是Volley的下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hq1t2yo

来看下代码实现：

1、由于应用中很多地方需要用到上下文对象，这里我自定义了一个全局的Application，用来提供上下文对象

[java] view plain copy

package com.lcw.rabbit.image.utils;
import android.app.Application;
/**
* Application类，提供全局上下文对象
* @author Rabbit_Lee
*
*/
public class MyApplication extends Application {
public static String TAG;
public static MyApplication myApplication;
public static MyApplication newInstance() {
return myApplication;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
TAG = this.getClass().getSimpleName();
myApplication = this;
}
}

2、Volley请求队列处理类，用来管理Rquest请求对象操作

[java] view plain copy

package com.lcw.rabbit.image;
import com.android.volley.Request;
import com.android.volley.RequestQueue;
import com.android.volley.toolbox.Volley;
import com.lcw.rabbit.image.utils.MyApplication;
/**
* 请求队列处理类
* 获取RequestQueue对象
*/
public class VolleyRequestQueueManager {
// 获取请求队列类
public static RequestQueue mRequestQueue = Volley.newRequestQueue(MyApplication.newInstance());
//添加任务进任务队列
public static void addRequest(Request<?> request, Object tag) {
if (tag != null) {
request.setTag(tag);
}
mRequestQueue.add(request);
}
//取消任务
public static void cancelRequest(Object tag){
mRequestQueue.cancelAll(tag);
}
}

3、这里附上2个工具类（生成MD5序列帮助类，DiskLruCache磁盘缓存类）

[java] view plain copy

package com.lcw.rabbit.image.utils;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
public class MD5Utils {
/**
* 使用md5的算法进行加密
*/
public static String md5(String plainText) {
byte[] secretBytes = null;
try {
secretBytes = MessageDigest.getInstance("md5").digest(
plainText.getBytes());
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("没有md5这个算法！");
}
String md5code = new BigInteger(1, secretBytes).toString(16);// 16进制数字
// 如果生成数字未满32位，需要前面补0
for (int i = 0; i < 32 - md5code.length(); i++) {
md5code = "0" + md5code;
}
return md5code;
}
}
MD5转换类

[java] view plain copy

/*
* Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.lcw.rabbit.image.utils;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.FilterOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
******************************************************************************
* Taken from the JB source code, can be found in:
* libcore/luni/src/main/java/libcore/io/DiskLruCache.java
* or direct link:
* https://android.googlesource.com/platform/libcore/+/android-4.1.1_r1/luni/src/main/java/libcore/io/DiskLruCache.java
******************************************************************************
*
* A cache that uses a bounded amount of space on a filesystem. Each cache
* entry has a string key and a fixed number of values. Values are byte
* sequences, accessible as streams or files. Each value must be between {@code
* 0} and {@code Integer.MAX_VALUE} bytes in length.
*
* The cache stores its data in a directory on the filesystem. This
* directory must be exclusive to the cache; the cache may delete or overwrite
* files from its directory. It is an error for multiple processes to use the
* same cache directory at the same time.
*
* This cache limits the number of bytes that it will store on the
* filesystem. When the number of stored bytes exceeds the limit, the cache will
* remove entries in the background until the limit is satisfied. The limit is
* not strict: the cache may temporarily exceed it while waiting for files to be
* deleted. The limit does not include filesystem overhead or the cache
* journal so space-sensitive applications should set a conservative limit.
*
* Clients call {@link #edit} to create or update the values of an entry. An
* entry may have only one editor at one time; if a value is not available to be
* edited then {@link #edit} will return null.
* <ul>
* <li>When an entry is being created it is necessary to
* supply a full set of values; the empty value should be used as a
* placeholder if necessary.
* <li>When an entry is being edited, it is not necessary
* to supply data for every value; values default to their previous
* value.
* </ul>
* Every {@link #edit} call must be matched by a call to {@link Editor#commit}
* or {@link Editor#abort}. Committing is atomic: a read observes the full set
* of values as they were before or after the commit, but never a mix of values.
*
* Clients call {@link #get} to read a snapshot of an entry. The read will
* observe the value at the time that {@link #get} was called. Updates and
* removals after the call do not impact ongoing reads.
*
* This class is tolerant of some I/O errors. If files are missing from the
* filesystem, the corresponding entries will be dropped from the cache. If
* an error occurs while writing a cache value, the edit will fail silently.
* Callers should handle other problems by catching {@code IOException} and
* responding appropriately.
*/
public final class DiskLruCache implements Closeable {
static final String JOURNAL_FILE = "journal";
static final String JOURNAL_FILE_TMP = "journal.tmp";
static final String MAGIC = "libcore.io.DiskLruCache";
static final String VERSION_1 = "1";
static final long ANY_SEQUENCE_NUMBER = -1;
private static final String CLEAN = "CLEAN";
private static final String DIRTY = "DIRTY";
private static final String REMOVE = "REMOVE";
private static final String READ = "READ";
private static final Charset UTF_8 = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
private static final int IO_BUFFER_SIZE = 8 * 1024;
/*
* This cache uses a journal file named "journal". A typical journal file
* looks like this:
* libcore.io.DiskLruCache
* 1
* 100
* 2
*
* CLEAN 3400330d1dfc7f3f7f4b8d4d803dfcf6 832 21054832 21054
* DIRTY 335c4c6028171cfddfbaae1a9c313c52
* CLEAN 335c4c6028171cfddfbaae1a9c313c52 3934 2342
* REMOVE 335c4c6028171cfddfbaae1a9c313c52
* DIRTY 1ab96a171faeeee38496d8b330771a7a
* CLEAN 1ab96a171faeeee38496d8b330771a7a 1600 234
* READ 335c4c6028171cfddfbaae1a9c313c52
* READ 3400330d1dfc7f3f7f4b8d4d803dfcf6
*
* The first five lines of the journal form its header. They are the
* constant string "libcore.io.DiskLruCache", the disk cache‘s version,
* the application‘s version, the value count, and a blank line.
*
* Each of the subsequent lines in the file is a record of the state of a
* cache entry. Each line contains space-separated values: a state, a key,
* and optional state-specific values.
* o DIRTY lines track that an entry is actively being created or updated.
* Every successful DIRTY action should be followed by a CLEAN or REMOVE
* action. DIRTY lines without a matching CLEAN or REMOVE indicate that
* temporary files may need to be deleted.
* o CLEAN lines track a cache entry that has been successfully published
* and may be read. A publish line is followed by the lengths of each of
* its values.
* o READ lines track accesses for LRU.
* o REMOVE lines track entries that have been deleted.
*
* The journal file is appended to as cache operations occur. The journal may
* occasionally be compacted by dropping redundant lines. A temporary file named
* "journal.tmp" will be used during compaction; that file should be deleted if
* it exists when the cache is opened.
*/
private final File directory;
private final File journalFile;
private final File journalFileTmp;
private final int appVersion;
private final long maxSize;
private final int valueCount;
private long size = 0;
private Writer journalWriter;
private final LinkedHashMap<String, Entry> lruEntries
= new LinkedHashMap<String, Entry>(0, 0.75f, true);
private int redundantOpCount;
/**
* To differentiate between old and current snapshots, each entry is given
* a sequence number each time an edit is committed. A snapshot is stale if
* its sequence number is not equal to its entry‘s sequence number.
*/
private long nextSequenceNumber = 0;
/* From java.util.Arrays */
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private static <T> T[] copyOfRange(T[] original, int start, int end) {
final int originalLength = original.length; // For exception priority compatibility.
if (start > end) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
if (start < 0 || start > originalLength) {
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException();
}
final int resultLength = end - start;
final int copyLength = Math.min(resultLength, originalLength - start);
final T[] result = (T[]) Array
.newInstance(original.getClass().getComponentType(), resultLength);
System.arraycopy(original, start, result, 0, copyLength);
return result;
}
/**
* Returns the remainder of ‘reader‘ as a string, closing it when done.
*/
public static String readFully(Reader reader) throws IOException {
try {
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
char[] buffer = new char[1024];
int count;
while ((count = reader.read(buffer)) != -1) {
writer.write(buffer, 0, count);
}
return writer.toString();
} finally {
reader.close();
}
}
/**
* Returns the ASCII characters up to but not including the next "\r\n", or
* "\n".
*
* @throws java.io.EOFException if the stream is exhausted before the next newline
* character.
*/
public static String readAsciiLine(InputStream in) throws IOException {
// TODO: support UTF-8 here instead
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(80);
while (true) {
int c = in.read();
if (c == -1) {
throw new EOFException();
} else if (c == ‘\n‘) {
break;
}
result.append((char) c);
}
int length = result.length();
if (length > 0 && result.charAt(length - 1) == ‘\r‘) {
result.setLength(length - 1);
}
return result.toString();
}
/**
* Closes ‘closeable‘, ignoring any checked exceptions. Does nothing if ‘closeable‘ is null.
*/
public static void closeQuietly(Closeable closeable) {
if (closeable != null) {
try {
closeable.close();
} catch (RuntimeException rethrown) {
throw rethrown;
} catch (Exception ignored) {
}
}
}
/**
* Recursively delete everything in {@code dir}.
*/
// TODO: this should specify paths as Strings rather than as Files
public static void deleteContents(File dir) throws IOException {
File[] files = dir.listFiles();
if (files == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("not a directory: " + dir);
}
for (File file : files) {
if (file.isDirectory()) {
deleteContents(file);
}
if (!file.delete()) {
throw new IOException("failed to delete file: " + file);
}
}
}
/** This cache uses a single background thread to evict entries. */
private final ExecutorService executorService = new ThreadPoolExecutor(0, 1,
60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>());
private final Callable<Void> cleanupCallable = new Callable<Void>() {
@Override public Void call() throws Exception {
synchronized (DiskLruCache.this) {
if (journalWriter == null) {
return null; // closed
}
trimToSize();
if (journalRebuildRequired()) {
rebuildJournal();
redundantOpCount = 0;
}
}
return null;
}
};
private DiskLruCache(File directory, int appVersion, int valueCount, long maxSize) {
this.directory = directory;
this.appVersion = appVersion;
this.journalFile = new File(directory, JOURNAL_FILE);
this.journalFileTmp = new File(directory, JOURNAL_FILE_TMP);
this.valueCount = valueCount;
this.maxSize = maxSize;
}
/**
* Opens the cache in {@code directory}, creating a cache if none exists
* there.
*
* @param directory a writable directory
* @param appVersion
* @param valueCount the number of values per cache entry. Must be positive.
* @param maxSize the maximum number of bytes this cache should use to store
* @throws java.io.IOException if reading or writing the cache directory fails
*/
public static DiskLruCache open(File directory, int appVersion, int valueCount, long maxSize)
throws IOException {
if (maxSize <= 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("maxSize <= 0");
}
if (valueCount <= 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("valueCount <= 0");
}
// prefer to pick up where we left off
DiskLruCache cache = new DiskLruCache(directory, appVersion, valueCount, maxSize);
if (cache.journalFile.exists()) {
try {
cache.readJournal();
cache.processJournal();
cache.journalWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(cache.journalFile, true),
IO_BUFFER_SIZE);
return cache;
} catch (IOException journalIsCorrupt) {
// System.logW("DiskLruCache " + directory + " is corrupt: "
// + journalIsCorrupt.getMessage() + ", removing");
cache.delete();
}
}
// create a new empty cache
directory.mkdirs();
cache = new DiskLruCache(directory, appVersion, valueCount, maxSize);
cache.rebuildJournal();
return cache;
}
private void readJournal() throws IOException {
InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(journalFile), IO_BUFFER_SIZE);
try {
String magic = readAsciiLine(in);
String version = readAsciiLine(in);
String appVersionString = readAsciiLine(in);
String valueCountString = readAsciiLine(in);
String blank = readAsciiLine(in);
if (!MAGIC.equals(magic)
|| !VERSION_1.equals(version)
|| !Integer.toString(appVersion).equals(appVersionString)
|| !Integer.toString(valueCount).equals(valueCountString)
|| !"".equals(blank)) {
throw new IOException("unexpected journal header: ["
+ magic + ", " + version + ", " + valueCountString + ", " + blank + "]");
}
while (true) {
try {
readJournalLine(readAsciiLine(in));
} catch (EOFException endOfJournal) {
break;
}
}
} finally {
closeQuietly(in);
}
}
private void readJournalLine(String line) throws IOException {
String[] parts = line.split(" ");
if (parts.length < 2) {
throw new IOException("unexpected journal line: " + line);
}
String key = parts[1];
if (parts[0].equals(REMOVE) && parts.length == 2) {
lruEntries.remove(key);
return;
}
Entry entry = lruEntries.get(key);
if (entry == null) {
entry = new Entry(key);
lruEntries.put(key, entry);
}
if (parts[0].equals(CLEAN) && parts.length == 2 + valueCount) {
entry.readable = true;
entry.currentEditor = null;
entry.setLengths(copyOfRange(parts, 2, parts.length));
} else if (parts[0].equals(DIRTY) && parts.length == 2) {
entry.currentEditor = new Editor(entry);
} else if (parts[0].equals(READ) && parts.length == 2) {
// this work was already done by calling lruEntries.get()
} else {
throw new IOException("unexpected journal line: " + line);
}
}
/**
* Computes the initial size and collects garbage as a part of opening the
* cache. Dirty entries are assumed to be inconsistent and will be deleted.
*/
private void processJournal() throws IOException {
deleteIfExists(journalFileTmp);
for (Iterator<Entry> i = lruEntries.values().iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {
Entry entry = i.next();
if (entry.currentEditor == null) {
for (int t = 0; t < valueCount; t++) {
size += entry.lengths[t];
}
} else {
entry.currentEditor = null;
for (int t = 0; t < valueCount; t++) {
deleteIfExists(entry.getCleanFile(t));
deleteIfExists(entry.getDirtyFile(t));
}
i.remove();
}
}
}
/**
* Creates a new journal that omits redundant information. This replaces the
* current journal if it exists.
*/
private synchronized void rebuildJournal() throws IOException {
if (journalWriter != null) {
journalWriter.close();
}
Writer writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(journalFileTmp), IO_BUFFER_SIZE);
writer.write(MAGIC);
writer.write("\n");
writer.write(VERSION_1);
writer.write("\n");
writer.write(Integer.toString(appVersion));
writer.write("\n");
writer.write(Integer.toString(valueCount));
writer.write("\n");
writer.write("\n");
for (Entry entry : lruEntries.values()) {
if (entry.currentEditor != null) {
writer.write(DIRTY + ‘ ‘ + entry.key + ‘\n‘);
} else {
writer.write(CLEAN + ‘ ‘ + entry.key + entry.getLengths() + ‘\n‘);
}
}
writer.close();
journalFileTmp.renameTo(journalFile);
journalWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(journalFile, true), IO_BUFFER_SIZE);
}
private static void deleteIfExists(File file) throws IOException {
// try {
// Libcore.os.remove(file.getPath());
// } catch (ErrnoException errnoException) {
// if (errnoException.errno != OsConstants.ENOENT) {
// throw errnoException.rethrowAsIOException();
// }
// }
if (file.exists() && !file.delete()) {
throw new IOException();
}
}
/**
* Returns a snapshot of the entry named {@code key}, or null if it doesn‘t
* exist is not currently readable. If a value is returned, it is moved to
* the head of the LRU queue.
*/
public synchronized Snapshot get(String key) throws IOException {
checkNotClosed();
validateKey(key);
Entry entry = lruEntries.get(key);
if (entry == null) {
return null;
}
if (!entry.readable) {
return null;
}
/*
* Open all streams eagerly to guarantee that we see a single published
* snapshot. If we opened streams lazily then the streams could come
* from different edits.
*/
InputStream[] ins = new InputStream[valueCount];
try {
for (int i = 0; i < valueCount; i++) {
ins[i] = new FileInputStream(entry.getCleanFile(i));
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// a file must have been deleted manually!
return null;
}
redundantOpCount++;
journalWriter.append(READ + ‘ ‘ + key + ‘\n‘);
if (journalRebuildRequired()) {
executorService.submit(cleanupCallable);
}
return new Snapshot(key, entry.sequenceNumber, ins);
}
/**
* Returns an editor for the entry named {@code key}, or null if another
* edit is in progress.
*/
public Editor edit(String key) throws IOException {
return edit(key, ANY_SEQUENCE_NUMBER);
}
private synchronized Editor edit(String key, long expectedSequenceNumber) throws IOException {
checkNotClosed();
validateKey(key);
Entry entry = lruEntries.get(key);
if (expectedSequenceNumber != ANY_SEQUENCE_NUMBER
&& (entry == null || entry.sequenceNumber != expectedSequenceNumber)) {
return null; // snapshot is stale
}
if (entry == null) {
entry = new Entry(key);
lruEntries.put(key, entry);
} else if (entry.currentEditor != null) {
return null; // another edit is in progress
}
Editor editor = new Editor(entry);
entry.currentEditor = editor;
// flush the journal before creating files to prevent file leaks
journalWriter.write(DIRTY + ‘ ‘ + key + ‘\n‘);
journalWriter.flush();
return editor;
}
/**
* Returns the directory where this cache stores its data.
*/
public File getDirectory() {
return directory;
}
/**
* Returns the maximum number of bytes that this cache should use to store
* its data.
*/
public long maxSize() {
return maxSize;
}
/**
* Returns the number of bytes currently being used to store the values in
* this cache. This may be greater than the max size if a background
* deletion is pending.
*/
public synchronized long size() {
return size;
}
private synchronized void completeEdit(Editor editor, boolean success) throws IOException {
Entry entry = editor.entry;
if (entry.currentEditor != editor) {
throw new IllegalStateException();
}
// if this edit is creating the entry for the first time, every index must have a value
if (success && !entry.readable) {
for (int i = 0; i < valueCount; i++) {
if (!entry.getDirtyFile(i).exists()) {
editor.abort();
throw new IllegalStateException("edit didn‘t create file " + i);
}
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < valueCount; i++) {
File dirty = entry.getDirtyFile(i);
if (success) {
if (dirty.exists()) {
File clean = entry.getCleanFile(i);
dirty.renameTo(clean);
long oldLength = entry.lengths[i];
long newLength = clean.length();
entry.lengths[i] = newLength;
size = size - oldLength + newLength;
}
} else {
deleteIfExists(dirty);
}
}
redundantOpCount++;
entry.currentEditor = null;
if (entry.readable | success) {
entry.readable = true;
journalWriter.write(CLEAN + ‘ ‘ + entry.key + entry.getLengths() + ‘\n‘);
if (success) {
entry.sequenceNumber = nextSequenceNumber++;
}
} else {
lruEntries.remove(entry.key);
journalWriter.write(REMOVE + ‘ ‘ + entry.key + ‘\n‘);
}
if (size > maxSize || journalRebuildRequired()) {
executorService.submit(cleanupCallable);
}
}
/**
* We only rebuild the journal when it will halve the size of the journal
* and eliminate at least 2000 ops.
*/
private boolean journalRebuildRequired() {
final int REDUNDANT_OP_COMPACT_THRESHOLD = 2000;
return redundantOpCount >= REDUNDANT_OP_COMPACT_THRESHOLD
&& redundantOpCount >= lruEntries.size();
}
/**
* Drops the entry for {@code key} if it exists and can be removed. Entries
* actively being edited cannot be removed.
*
* @return true if an entry was removed.
*/
public synchronized boolean remove(String key) throws IOException {
checkNotClosed();
validateKey(key);
Entry entry = lruEntries.get(key);
if (entry == null || entry.currentEditor != null) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < valueCount; i++) {
File file = entry.getCleanFile(i);
if (!file.delete()) {
throw new IOException("failed to delete " + file);
}
size -= entry.lengths[i];
entry.lengths[i] = 0;
}
redundantOpCount++;
journalWriter.append(REMOVE + ‘ ‘ + key + ‘\n‘);
lruEntries.remove(key);
if (journalRebuildRequired()) {
executorService.submit(cleanupCallable);
}
return true;
}
/**
* Returns true if this cache has been closed.
*/
public boolean isClosed() {
return journalWriter == null;
}
private void checkNotClosed() {
if (journalWriter == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("cache is closed");
}
}
/**
* Force buffered operations to the filesystem.
*/
public synchronized void flush() throws IOException {
checkNotClosed();
trimToSize();
journalWriter.flush();
}
/**
* Closes this cache. Stored values will remain on the filesystem.
*/
public synchronized void close() throws IOException {
if (journalWriter == null) {
return; // already closed
}
for (Entry entry : new ArrayList<Entry>(lruEntries.values())) {
if (entry.currentEditor != null) {
entry.currentEditor.abort();
}
}
trimToSize();
journalWriter.close();
journalWriter = null;
}
private void trimToSize() throws IOException {
while (size > maxSize) {
// Map.Entry<String, Entry> toEvict = lruEntries.eldest();
final Map.Entry<String, Entry> toEvict = lruEntries.entrySet().iterator().next();
remove(toEvict.getKey());
}
}
/**
* Closes the cache and deletes all of its stored values. This will delete
* all files in the cache directory including files that weren‘t created by
* the cache.
*/
public void delete() throws IOException {
close();
deleteContents(directory);
}
private void validateKey(String key) {
if (key.contains(" ") || key.contains("\n") || key.contains("\r")) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"keys must not contain spaces or newlines: \"" + key + "\"");
}
}
private static String inputStreamToString(InputStream in) throws IOException {
return readFully(new InputStreamReader(in, UTF_8));
}
/**
* A snapshot of the values for an entry.
*/
public final class Snapshot implements Closeable {
private final String key;
private final long sequenceNumber;
private final InputStream[] ins;
private Snapshot(String key, long sequenceNumber, InputStream[] ins) {
this.key = key;
this.sequenceNumber = sequenceNumber;
this.ins = ins;
}
/**
* Returns an editor for this snapshot‘s entry, or null if either the
* entry has changed since this snapshot was created or if another edit
* is in progress.
*/
public Editor edit() throws IOException {
return DiskLruCache.this.edit(key, sequenceNumber);
}
/**
* Returns the unbuffered stream with the value for {@code index}.
*/
public InputStream getInputStream(int index) {
return ins[index];
}
/**
* Returns the string value for {@code index}.
*/
public String getString(int index) throws IOException {
return inputStreamToString(getInputStream(index));
}
@Override public void close() {
for (InputStream in : ins) {
closeQuietly(in);
}
}
}
/**
* Edits the values for an entry.
*/
public final class Editor {
private final Entry entry;
private boolean hasErrors;
private Editor(Entry entry) {
this.entry = entry;
}
/**
* Returns an unbuffered input stream to read the last committed value,
* or null if no value has been committed.
*/
public InputStream newInputStream(int index) throws IOException {
synchronized (DiskLruCache.this) {
if (entry.currentEditor != this) {
throw new IllegalStateException();
}
if (!entry.readable) {
return null;
}
return new FileInputStream(entry.getCleanFile(index));
}
}
/**
* Returns the last committed value as a string, or null if no value
* has been committed.
*/
public String getString(int index) throws IOException {
InputStream in = newInputStream(index);
return in != null ? inputStreamToString(in) : null;
}
/**
* Returns a new unbuffered output stream to write the value at
* {@code index}. If the underlying output stream encounters errors
* when writing to the filesystem, this edit will be aborted when
* {@link #commit} is called. The returned output stream does not throw
* IOExceptions.
*/
public OutputStream newOutputStream(int index) throws IOException {
synchronized (DiskLruCache.this) {
if (entry.currentEditor != this) {
throw new IllegalStateException();
}
return new FaultHidingOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(entry.getDirtyFile(index)));
}
}
/**
* Sets the value at {@code index} to {@code value}.
*/
public void set(int index, String value) throws IOException {
Writer writer = null;
try {
writer = new OutputStreamWriter(newOutputStream(index), UTF_8);
writer.write(value);
} finally {
closeQuietly(writer);
}
}
/**
* Commits this edit so it is visible to readers. This releases the
* edit lock so another edit may be started on the same key.
*/
public void commit() throws IOException {
if (hasErrors) {
completeEdit(this, false);
remove(entry.key); // the previous entry is stale
} else {
completeEdit(this, true);
}
}
/**
* Aborts this edit. This releases the edit lock so another edit may be
* started on the same key.
*/
public void abort() throws IOException {
completeEdit(this, false);
}
private class FaultHidingOutputStream extends FilterOutputStream {
private FaultHidingOutputStream(OutputStream out) {
super(out);
}
@Override public void write(int oneByte) {
try {
out.write(oneByte);
} catch (IOException e) {
hasErrors = true;
}
}
@Override public void write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int length) {
try {
out.write(buffer, offset, length);
} catch (IOException e) {
hasErrors = true;
}
}
@Override public void close() {
try {
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
hasErrors = true;
}
}
@Override public void flush() {
try {
out.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
hasErrors = true;
}
}
}
}
private final class Entry {
private final String key;
/** Lengths of this entry‘s files. */
private final long[] lengths;
/** True if this entry has ever been published */
private boolean readable;
/** The ongoing edit or null if this entry is not being edited. */
private Editor currentEditor;
/** The sequence number of the most recently committed edit to this entry. */
private long sequenceNumber;
private Entry(String key) {
this.key = key;
this.lengths = new long[valueCount];
}
public String getLengths() throws IOException {
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (long size : lengths) {
result.append(‘ ‘).append(size);
}
return result.toString();
}
/**
* Set lengths using decimal numbers like "10123".
*/
private void setLengths(String[] strings) throws IOException {
if (strings.length != valueCount) {
throw invalidLengths(strings);
}
try {
for (int i = 0; i < strings.length; i++) {
lengths[i] = Long.parseLong(strings[i]);
}
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
throw invalidLengths(strings);
}
}
private IOException invalidLengths(String[] strings) throws IOException {
throw new IOException("unexpected journal line: " + Arrays.toString(strings));
}
public File getCleanFile(int i) {
return new File(directory, key + "." + i);
}
public File getDirtyFile(int i) {
return new File(directory, key + "." + i + ".tmp");
}
}
}
DiskLruCache磁盘缓存类

4、图片缓存类，包含（LruCache内存缓存，DiskLruCache磁盘缓存）

[java] view plain copy

package com.lcw.rabbit.image.utils;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Bitmap.CompressFormat;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.support.v4.util.LruCache;
import android.util.Log;
import com.android.volley.toolbox.ImageLoader.ImageCache;
import com.lcw.rabbit.image.utils.DiskLruCache.Snapshot;
/**
* 图片缓存帮助类
*
* 包含内存缓存LruCache和磁盘缓存DiskLruCache
*
* @author Rabbit_Lee
*
*/
public class ImageCacheUtil implements ImageCache {
private String TAG=ImageCacheUtil.this.getClass().getSimpleName();
//缓存类
private static LruCache<String, Bitmap> mLruCache;
private static DiskLruCache mDiskLruCache;
//磁盘缓存大小
private static final int DISKMAXSIZE = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
public ImageCacheUtil() {
// 获取应用可占内存的1/8作为缓存
int maxSize = (int) (Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 8);
// 实例化LruCaceh对象
mLruCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(maxSize) {
@Override
protected int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {
return bitmap.getRowBytes() * bitmap.getHeight();
}
};
try {
// 获取DiskLruCahce对象
mDiskLruCache = DiskLruCache.open(getDiskCacheDir(MyApplication.newInstance(), "Rabbit"), getAppVersion(MyApplication.newInstance()), 1, DISKMAXSIZE);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 从缓存（内存缓存，磁盘缓存）中获取Bitmap
*/
@Override
public Bitmap getBitmap(String url) {
if (mLruCache.get(url) != null) {
// 从LruCache缓存中取
Log.i(TAG,"从LruCahce获取");
return mLruCache.get(url);
} else {
String key = MD5Utils.md5(url);
try {
if (mDiskLruCache.get(key) != null) {
// 从DiskLruCahce取
Snapshot snapshot = mDiskLruCache.get(key);
Bitmap bitmap = null;
if (snapshot != null) {
bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(snapshot.getInputStream(0));
// 存入LruCache缓存
mLruCache.put(url, bitmap);
Log.i(TAG,"从DiskLruCahce获取");
}
return bitmap;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* 存入缓存（内存缓存，磁盘缓存）
*/
@Override
public void putBitmap(String url, Bitmap bitmap) {
// 存入LruCache缓存
mLruCache.put(url, bitmap);
// 判断是否存在DiskLruCache缓存，若没有存入
String key = MD5Utils.md5(url);
try {
if (mDiskLruCache.get(key) == null) {
DiskLruCache.Editor editor = mDiskLruCache.edit(key);
if (editor != null) {
OutputStream outputStream = editor.newOutputStream(0);
if (bitmap.compress(CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, outputStream)) {
editor.commit();
} else {
editor.abort();
}
}
mDiskLruCache.flush();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 该方法会判断当前sd卡是否存在，然后选择缓存地址
*
* @param context
* @param uniqueName
* @return
*/
public static File getDiskCacheDir(Context context, String uniqueName) {
String cachePath;
if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState()) || !Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable()) {
cachePath = context.getExternalCacheDir().getPath();
} else {
cachePath = context.getCacheDir().getPath();
}
return new File(cachePath + File.separator + uniqueName);
}
/**
* 获取应用版本号
*
* @param context
* @return
*/
public int getAppVersion(Context context) {
try {
PackageInfo info = context.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(context.getPackageName(), 0);
return info.versionCode;
} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return 1;
}
}

5、图片缓存管理类

这里的图片加载运用到了Volley自带的ImageLoader，在它的构造方法中需要一个ImageCache对象，在上面的图片缓存类已实现了该接口。

这里向外部提供了一个loadImage的重载方法，一个传入加载图片的宽高，一个默认加载原图，使得外部不再需要关注任何关于缓存的操作。

[java] view plain copy

package com.lcw.rabbit.image;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import com.android.volley.VolleyError;
import com.android.volley.toolbox.ImageLoader;
import com.android.volley.toolbox.ImageLoader.ImageCache;
import com.android.volley.toolbox.ImageLoader.ImageContainer;
import com.android.volley.toolbox.ImageLoader.ImageListener;
import com.lcw.rabbit.image.utils.ImageCacheUtil;
/**
* 图片缓存管理类获取ImageLoader对象
*
* @author Rabbit_Lee
*
*/
public class ImageCacheManager {
private static String TAG = ImageCacheManager.class.getSimpleName();
// 获取图片缓存类对象
private static ImageCache mImageCache = new ImageCacheUtil();
// 获取ImageLoader对象
public static ImageLoader mImageLoader = new ImageLoader(VolleyRequestQueueManager.mRequestQueue, mImageCache);
/**
* 获取ImageListener
*
* @param view
* @param defaultImage
* @param errorImage
* @return
*/
public static ImageListener getImageListener(final ImageView view, final Bitmap defaultImage, final Bitmap errorImage) {
return new ImageListener() {
@Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
// 回调失败
if (errorImage != null) {
view.setImageBitmap(errorImage);
}
}
@Override
public void onResponse(ImageContainer response, boolean isImmediate) {
// 回调成功
if (response.getBitmap() != null) {
view.setImageBitmap(response.getBitmap());
} else if (defaultImage != null) {
view.setImageBitmap(defaultImage);
}
}
};
}
/**
* 提供给外部调用方法
*
* @param url
* @param view
* @param defaultImage
* @param errorImage
*/
public static void loadImage(String url, ImageView view, Bitmap defaultImage, Bitmap errorImage) {
mImageLoader.get(url, ImageCacheManager.getImageListener(view, defaultImage, errorImage), 0, 0);
}
/**
* 提供给外部调用方法
*
* @param url
* @param view
* @param defaultImage
* @param errorImage
*/
public static void loadImage(String url, ImageView view, Bitmap defaultImage, Bitmap errorImage, int maxWidth, int maxHeight) {
mImageLoader.get(url, ImageCacheManager.getImageListener(view, defaultImage, errorImage), maxWidth, maxHeight);
}
}

6、MainActivity类

[java] view plain copy

package com.lcw.rabbit.image;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private Button mButton;
private ImageView mImageView;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
mImageView= (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image);
mButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String url = "http://img.blog.csdn.net/20130702124537953?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvdDEyeDM0NTY=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast";
ImageCacheManager.loadImage(url, mImageView, getBitmapFromRes(R.drawable.ic_launcher), getBitmapFromRes(R.drawable.ic_launcher));
}
});
}
public Bitmap getBitmapFromRes(int resId) {
Resources res = this.getResources();
return BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, resId);
}
}

作者：李晨玮
出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/lichenwei/
本文版权归作者和博客园共有,欢迎转载,但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明,且在文章页面明显位置给出原文链接。

网络图片的获取以及二级缓存策略（Volley框架+内存LruCache+磁盘DiskLruCache）

标签：

原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/changyaohua/p/4890337.html

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