MySQL架构为master-slave(主从),master故障自动切换到slave上。当然也可以设置为双master,但这里有个弊端:就是当主的压力很大时,从上延时很大,比如落后2000秒,此时主挂了,从接管(VIP漂移到从),用户刚才发表的文章,此时因为同步延时大,还没复制过来,于是用户又发表了一篇文章,当原来的master修好后,因从的IO和SQL线程还在开启状态,还会继续同步刚才没有同步复制完的数据,这时有可能把用户新发表的文章更改掉,造成用户数据丢失。
考虑到这种情况,我这里还是用的master-slave(主从)架构。
keepalive安装很简单,这里不再啰嗦。主要看下配置文件和脚本:
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# more /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
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global_defs {
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router_id KeepAlive_Mysql
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}
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vrrp_script check_run {
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script "/root/sh/mysql_check.sh"
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interval 300
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}
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vrrp_sync_group VG1 {
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group {
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VI_1
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}
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}
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vrrp_instance VI_1 {
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state BACKUP
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interface eth0
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virtual_router_id 51
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priority 100
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advert_int 1
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nopreempt
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authentication {
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auth_type PASS
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auth_pass 1111
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}
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track_script {
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check_run
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}
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notify_master /root/sh/master.sh
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notify_backup /root/sh/backup.sh
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notify_stop /root/sh/stop.sh
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virtual_ipaddress {
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192.168.8.150
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}
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}
notify_master <STRING>|<QUOTED-STRING> # 状态改变为MASTER后执行的脚本 notify_backup <STRING>|<QUOTED-STRING> # 状态改变为BACKUP后执行的脚本 notify_fault <STRING>|<QUOTED-STRING> # 状态改变为FAULT后执行的脚本 notify_stop <STRING>|<QUOTED-STRING> # VRRP停止后后执行的脚本 notify <STRING>|<QUOTED-STRING> # (1)任意状态改变后执行的脚本
下面解释下这4个脚本的用法:
mysql_check.sh(健康检查脚本,当发现mysql连接不上,会把keepalive进程关闭,并切换。)
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# more mysql_check.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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. /root/.bash_profile
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count=1
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while true
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do
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mysql -e "show status;" > /dev/null 2>&1
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i=$?
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ps aux | grep mysqld | grep -v grep > /dev/null 2>&1
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j=$?
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if [ $i = 0 ] && [ $j = 0 ]
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then
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exit 0
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else
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if [ $i = 1 ] && [ $j = 0 ]
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then
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exit 0
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else
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if [ $count -gt 5 ]
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then
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break
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fi
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let count++
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continue
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fi
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fi
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done
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/etc/init.d/keepalived stop
master.sh(状态改变为MASTER后执行的脚本) (首先判断同步复制是否执行完毕,如果未执行完毕,等1分钟后,不论是否执行完毕,都跳过,并停止同步复制进程。) (其次,更改前端程序连接的业务账号admin的权限和密码,并记录当前切换以后的日志和POS点。)
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# more master.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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. /root/.bash_profile
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Master_Log_File=$(mysql -e "show slave status\G" | grep -w Master_Log_File | awk -F": " ‘{print $2}‘)
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Relay_Master_Log_File=$(mysql -e "show slave status\G" | grep -w Relay_Master_Log_File | awk -F": " ‘{print $2}‘)
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Read_Master_Log_Pos=$(mysql -e "show slave status\G" | grep -w Read_Master_Log_Pos | awk -F": " ‘{print $2}‘)
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Exec_Master_Log_Pos=$(mysql -e "show slave status\G" | grep -w Exec_Master_Log_Pos | awk -F": " ‘{print $2}‘)
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i=1
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while true
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do
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if [ $Master_Log_File = $Relay_Master_Log_File ] && [ $Read_Master_Log_Pos -eq $Exec_Master_Log_Pos ]
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then
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echo "ok"
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break
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else
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sleep 1
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if [ $i -gt 60 ]
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then
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break
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fi
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continue
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let i++
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fi
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done
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mysql -e "stop slave;"
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mysql -e "flush logs;GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘admin‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘admin‘;flush privileges;"
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mysql -e "show master status;" > /tmp/master_status_$(date "+%y%m%d-%H%M").txt
backup.sh(状态改变为BACKUP后执行的脚本)
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# more backup.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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. /root/.bash_profile
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mysql -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘admin‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘1q2w3e4r‘;flush privileges;"
stop.sh(keepalived停止后后执行的脚本) (首先把admin密码更改掉) (其次,设置参数,保证不丢失数据) (最后,查看是否还有写操作,不论是否执行完毕,1分钟后都退出。)
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# more stop.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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. /root/.bash_profile
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mysql -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘admin‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘1q2w3e4r‘;flush privileges;"
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mysql -e "set global innodb_support_xa=1;"
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mysql -e "set global sync_binlog=1;"
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mysql -e "set global innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1;"
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M_File1=$(mysql -e "show master status\G" | awk -F‘: ‘ ‘/File/{print $2}‘)
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M_Position1=$(mysql -e "show master status\G" | awk -F‘: ‘ ‘/Position/{print $2}‘)
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sleep 1
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M_File2=$(mysql -e "show master status\G" | awk -F‘: ‘ ‘/File/{print $2}‘)
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M_Position2=$(mysql -e "show master status\G" | awk -F‘: ‘ ‘/Position/{print $2}‘)
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i=1
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while true
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do
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if [ $M_File1 = $M_File2 ] && [ $M_Position1 -eq $M_Position2 ]
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then
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echo "ok"
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break
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else
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sleep 1
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if [ $i -gt 60 ]
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then
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break
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fi
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continue
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let i++
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fi
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done