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Android开发中,网络请求是很重要的一部分,而缓存网络请求来的图片或者响应结果字符串或者结果流,既可以省流量,同时也可以帮助我们
解决无网或弱网情况下加载情况,当然也可以提升程序性能效率。纵所周知,缓存管理中肯定需要用到内存缓存,这里我们采用LruCache来管理内存的缓存。
LruCahce虽然速度快,但是只是内存级别的缓存,为了实现持久化的缓存,我们还需要文件级别的缓存,也就是说我们要把缓存保存到文件,而文件则是保存
到手机存储或者SD卡存储中,即实现Disk级别的缓存,这里我们借助DiskLruCache这个辅助工具类来实现。顾名思义,这个工具类的作用就是使用Lru算法
来存储信息到Disk上。
二、实例效果图
下面是个简单的实例演示效果图
三、缓存管理框架的实现解
1、内存缓存类的实现
该类主要实现内存级别的缓存管理类MemoryCache,使用LruCache来实现,因为无论是内存缓存还是Disk缓存,都需要读写操作,
所以我们先抽象出一个缓存接口类:Cache接口:
public interface Cache { String get(final String key); void put(final String key, final String value); boolean remove(final String key); }
然后,我们的内存缓存类MemoryCache需要实现Cache这个接口:
/** * 内存缓存类 * Created by caizhiming on 2015/12/4. */ public class MemoryCache implements Cache { private LruCache<String, String> mMemoryLruCache; private EvictedListener mEvictedListener; public MemoryCache() { init(); } public MemoryCache(EvictedListener listener) { init(); this.mEvictedListener = listener; } public void setEvictedListener(EvictedListener listener) { this.mEvictedListener = listener; } public boolean hasEvictedListener() { return mEvictedListener != null; } private void init() { // 计算可使用的最大内存 final int maxMemory = (int) (Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 1024); // 取可用内存空间的1/4作为缓存 final int cacheSize = maxMemory / 4; mMemoryLruCache = new LruCache<String, String>(cacheSize) { @Override protected int sizeOf(String key, String value) { return value.getBytes().length; } @Override protected void entryRemoved(boolean evicted, String key, String oldValue, String newValue) { if (evicted) { if (mEvictedListener != null) { mEvictedListener.handleEvictEntry(key, oldValue); } } } }; } @Override public String get(String key) { return mMemoryLruCache.get(key); } @Override public void put(String key, String value) { mMemoryLruCache.put(key, value); } @Override public boolean remove(String key) { return Boolean.parseBoolean(mMemoryLruCache.remove(key)); } /** * called when mMemoryLruCache evict entrys, * <p/> * using by CacheManager.Strategy.MEMORY_FIRST */ public interface EvictedListener { void handleEvictEntry(String evictKey, String evictValue); }
2、文件级别的Disk缓存类实现
接下来我们需要写一个用于Disk缓存管理的类:DiskCache类,该类我们也实现Cache接口,
该类的主要功能也是提供Disk缓存的读取和写入操作管理。
/** * Disk磁盘缓存类 * Created by caizhiming on 2015/12/4. */ public class DiskCache implements Cache{ private DiskLruCache mDiskLruCache = null; public DiskCache(Context context){ init(context); } /** * 初始化 DiskLruCache */ public void init(Context context){ try { File cacheDir = getDiskCacheDir(context, "http_cache"); if (!cacheDir.exists()) { cacheDir.mkdirs(); } Log.v("czm", "cache file=" + cacheDir.getAbsolutePath()); mDiskLruCache = DiskLruCache.open(cacheDir, getAppVersion(context), 1, 10 * 1024 * 1024); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public String get(String key) { String result = null; try { DiskLruCache.Snapshot snapShot = mDiskLruCache.get(hashKeyForDisk(key)); if (snapShot != null) { result = snapShot.getString(0); return result; } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } return result; } @Override public void put(String key, String value) { DiskLruCache.Editor editor = null; try { editor = mDiskLruCache.edit(hashKeyForDisk(key)); if (editor != null) { editor.set(0, value); editor.commit(); } mDiskLruCache.flush(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public boolean remove(String key) { try { return mDiskLruCache.remove(hashKeyForDisk(key)); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return false; } public Bitmap getImageCache(String key){ Bitmap bitmap = null; try { DiskLruCache.Snapshot snapShot = mDiskLruCache.get(hashKeyForDisk(key)); if (snapShot != null) { InputStream is = snapShot.getInputStream(0); bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is); return bitmap; } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return bitmap; } public void putImageCache(final String key){ new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { DiskLruCache.Editor editor = mDiskLruCache.edit(hashKeyForDisk(key)); if (editor != null) { OutputStream outputStream = editor.newOutputStream(0); if (downloadUrlToStream(key, outputStream)) { editor.commit(); } else { editor.abort(); } } mDiskLruCache.flush(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }).start(); } private boolean downloadUrlToStream(String urlString, OutputStream outputStream) { HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null; BufferedOutputStream out = null; BufferedInputStream in = null; try { final URL url = new URL(urlString); urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); in = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream(), 8 * 1024); out = new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream, 8 * 1024); int b; while ((b = in.read()) != -1) { out.write(b); } return true; } catch (final IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (urlConnection != null) { urlConnection.disconnect(); } CloseUtils.closeCloseable(out); CloseUtils.closeCloseable(in); } return false; } public String hashKeyForDisk(String key) { String cacheKey; try { final MessageDigest mDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5"); mDigest.update(key.getBytes()); cacheKey = bytesToHexString(mDigest.digest()); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { cacheKey = String.valueOf(key.hashCode()); } return cacheKey; } private String bytesToHexString(byte[] bytes) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) { String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & bytes[i]); if (hex.length() == 1) { sb.append(‘0‘); } sb.append(hex); } return sb.toString(); } public File getDiskCacheDir(Context context, String uniqueName) { String cachePath; if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState()) || !Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable()) { cachePath = context.getExternalCacheDir().getPath(); } else { cachePath = context.getCacheDir().getPath(); } return new File(cachePath + File.separator + uniqueName); } public int getAppVersion(Context context) { try { PackageInfo info = context.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(context.getPackageName(), 0); return info.versionCode; } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return 1; } }
3、搭建封装双缓存管理框架类XCCacheManager
有了上面的内存缓存类MemoryCache和Disk缓存类DiskCache,我们就可以搭建封装真正的缓存管理类XCCacheManager了。
(1)首先我们采用线程池技术来实现多线程缓存的读写操作
这样可以提高程序的性能,同时能处理任务量比较大的并发读写操作。
private static XCCacheManager mInstance = null;
private Strategy mStrategy = Strategy.MEMORY_FIRST;
//线程池
private ExecutorService mExecutor = null;
//内存缓存
private MemoryCache mMemoryCache;
//Disk缓存
private DiskCache mDiskCache;
/** * 初始化 DiskLruCache */ private void init(Context context) { mExecutor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()); mDiskCache = new DiskCache(context); mMemoryCache = new MemoryCache(); }
(2)其次XCCacheManager管理类采用单例实现
public static XCCacheManager getInstance(Context context, Strategy strategy) { if (mInstance == null) { synchronized (XCCacheManager.class) { if (mInstance == null) { mInstance = new XCCacheManager(context.getApplicationContext(), strategy); } } } else { mInstance.setStrategy(strategy); } return mInstance; }
(3)缓存策略
这里我们定义了缓存策略,便于适应各种不同业务需求,可以灵活使用不同的策略
enum Strategy { MEMORY_ONLY(0), MEMORY_FIRST(1), DISK_ONLY(3); int id; Strategy(int id) { this.id = id; } }
默认采用内存优先MEMORY_FIRST这种策略
(4)根据对应的策略从缓存中读取内容
/** * 从缓存中读取value */ public String readCache(final String key) { Future<String> ret = mExecutor.submit(new Callable<String>() { @Override public String call() throws Exception { String result = null; switch (mStrategy) { case MEMORY_ONLY: result = mMemoryCache.get(key); break; case MEMORY_FIRST: result = mMemoryCache.get(key); if (result == null) { result = mDiskCache.get(key); } break; case DISK_ONLY: result = mDiskCache.get(key); break; } return result; } }); try { return ret.get(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ExecutionException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; }
(5)将内容写入到缓存中
/** * 将value 写入到缓存中 */ public void writeCache(final String key, final String value) { mExecutor.submit(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { switch (mStrategy) { case MEMORY_FIRST: if (!mMemoryCache.hasEvictedListener()) { mMemoryCache.setEvictedListener(new MemoryCache.EvictedListener() { @Override public void handleEvictEntry(String evictKey, String evictValue) { mDiskCache.put(evictKey, evictValue); } }); } mMemoryCache.put(key, value); break; case MEMORY_ONLY: if (mMemoryCache.hasEvictedListener()) mMemoryCache.setEvictedListener(null); mMemoryCache.put(key, value); break; case DISK_ONLY: mDiskCache.put(key, value); break; } } }); }
到此为止,框架的开发到此完成。希望对有需要的人有所帮助。
四、源码下载
源码下载:http://download.csdn.net/detail/jczmdeveloper/9348031
GitHub地址:https://github.com/jczmdeveloper/XCCacheManager
真题园网:http://www.zhentiyuan.com
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/JczmDeveloper/p/5039970.html