Java API —— Set接口 & HashSet类 & LinkedHashSet类

package setdemos;
/**
 * @author Administrator
 * 
 */
public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public Student() {
        super();
    }
    public Student(String name, int age) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (!(o instanceof Student)) return false;
        Student student = (Student) o;
        if (age != student.age) return false;
        if (!name.equals(student.name)) return false;
        return true;
    }
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        int result = name.hashCode();
        result = 31 * result + age;
        return result;
    }
}

package setdemos;
import java.util.HashSet;
/**
 * Created by gao on 15-12-17.
 */
/*
 * 需求：存储自定义对象，并保证元素的唯一性
 * 要求：如果两个对象的成员变量值都相同，则为同一个元素。
 *
 * 目前是不符合我的要求的：因为我们知道HashSet底层依赖的是hashCode()和equals()方法。
 * 而这两个方法我们在学生类中没有重写，所以，默认使用的是Object类。
 * 这个时候，他们的哈希值是不会一样的，根本就不会继续判断，执行了添加操作。
 */
public class HashSetDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 创建集合对象
        HashSet<Student> hs = new HashSet<Student>();
        // 创建学生对象
        Student s1 = new Student("林青霞", 27);
        Student s2 = new Student("柳岩", 22);
        Student s3 = new Student("王祖贤", 30);
        Student s4 = new Student("林青霞", 27);
        Student s5 = new Student("林青霞", 20);
        Student s6 = new Student("范冰冰", 22);
        // 添加元素
        hs.add(s1);
        hs.add(s2);
        hs.add(s3);
        hs.add(s4);
        hs.add(s5);
        hs.add(s6);
        // 遍历集合
        for (Student s : hs) {
            System.out.println(s.getName() + "---" + s.getAge());
        }
    }
}

interface Collection {
    ...
}
interface Set extends Collection {
    ...
}
class HashSet implements Set {
    private static final Object PRESENT = new Object();
    private transient HashMap<E,Object> map;
    
    public HashSet() {
        map = new HashMap<>();
    }
    
    public boolean add(E e) { //e=hello,world
        return map.put(e, PRESENT)==null;
    }
}
class HashMap implements Map {
    public V put(K key, V value) { //key=e=hello,world
    
        //看哈希表是否为空，如果空，就开辟空间
        if (table == EMPTY_TABLE) {
            inflateTable(threshold);
        }
        
        //判断对象是否为null
        if (key == null)
            return putForNullKey(value);
        
        int hash = hash(key); //和对象的hashCode()方法相关
        
        //在哈希表中查找hash值
        int i = indexFor(hash, table.length);
        for (Entry<K,V> e = table[i]; e != null; e = e.next) {
            //这次的e其实是第一次的world
            Object k;
            if (e.hash == hash && ((k = e.key) == key || key.equals(k))) {
                V oldValue = e.value;
                e.value = value;
                e.recordAccess(this);
                return oldValue;
                //走这里其实是没有添加元素
            }
        }
        modCount++;
        addEntry(hash, key, value, i); //把元素添加
        return null;
    }
    
    transient int hashSeed = 0;
    
    final int hash(Object k) { //k=key=e=hello,
        int h = hashSeed;
        if (0 != h && k instanceof String) {
            return sun.misc.Hashing.stringHash32((String) k);
        }
        h ^= k.hashCode(); //这里调用的是对象的hashCode()方法
        // This function ensures that hashCodes that differ only by
        // constant multiples at each bit position have a bounded
        // number of collisions (approximately 8 at default load factor).
        h ^= (h >>> 20) ^ (h >>> 12);
        return h ^ (h >>> 7) ^ (h >>> 4);
    }
}
hs.add("hello");
hs.add("world");
hs.add("java");
hs.add("world");

package linkedhashset;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
/**
 * Created by gao on 15-12-17.
 */
public class LinkedHashSetDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 创建集合对象
        LinkedHashSet<String> hs = new LinkedHashSet<String>();
        
        // 创建并添加元素
        hs.add("hello");
        hs.add("world");
        hs.add("java");
        hs.add("world");
        hs.add("java");
        // 遍历
        for (String s : hs) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}