MySQL单机多实例的读写分离可以通过第三方软件来实现，其中一个叫简单的读写分离软件就是今天所带给大家的amoeba软件。
本次使用的amoeba软件为amoeba-mysql-binary-2.1.0-RC5.tar.gz
本软件是基于JAVA环境运行的，所以需要JAVA环境支持，具体环境配置不做详解。
本文主要解释两个主配置文件。
1、dbServer.xml
这个文件配置的是父配置（用来给默认子配置补充配置项）
真实mysql服务器的端口，数据库名称，mysql用户及密码
主服务器，从服务器，及从服务器连接池。这里只定义数据库地址，它们的用户及密码就是上面的abstractServer里的设置。
注意用来连接真实mysql服务器的用户必须拥有远程连接权限。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:dbServers SYSTEM "dbserver.dtd">
<amoeba:dbServers xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">
<!--
Each dbServer needs to be configured into a Pool,
If you need to configure multiple dbServer with load balancing that can be simplified by the following configuration:
add attribute with name virtual = "true" in dbServer, but the configuration does not allow the element with name factoryConfig
such as ‘multiPool‘ dbServer
-->
<!-- 默认父配置，所有子配置的相同项从此读取 -->
<dbServer name="abstractServer" abstractive="true">
<factoryConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory">
<property name="manager">${defaultManager}</property>
<property name="sendBufferSize">64</property>
<property name="receiveBufferSize">128</property>
<!-- mysql ip MySQL端的IP地址 -->
<property name="ipAddress">172.16.1.52</property>
<!-- mysql port MySQL端的端口 -->
<!--
<property name="port">3306</property>
-->
<!-- mysql schema MySQL端监控工作库 -->
<property name="schema">amoeba</property>
<!-- mysql user MySQL端的库对应用户 -->
<property name="user">amoeba</property>
<!-- mysql user MySQL端的库对应用户的密码 -->
<property name="password">123456</property>
</factoryConfig>
<!-- 默认池的参数配置，一般不用改 -->
<poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.poolable.PoolableObjectPool">
<property name="maxActive">500</property>
<property name="maxIdle">500</property>
<property name="minIdle">10</property>
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis">600000</property>
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis">600000</property>
<property name="testOnBorrow">true</property>
<property name="testWhileIdle">true</property>
</poolConfig>
</dbServer>
<!-- 自定义配置池，用来设定读取或写入 -->
<dbServer name="server1" parent="abstractServer">
<factoryConfig>
<!-- mysql ip -->
<!--
<property name="ipAddress">172.16.1.52</property>
-->
<property name="port">3306</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<!-- 定义某个池为主（即写）-->
<dbServer name="master" virtual="true">
<poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool">
<!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA 若有多主则可配置此项，1为轮询，2为权重-->
<property name="loadbalance">1</property>
<!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 指定主所对应的池-->
<property name="poolNames">server1</property>
</poolConfig>
</dbServer>
<!-- 同master配置原理 -->
<dbServer name="server2" parent="abstractServer">
<factoryConfig>
<!-- mysql ip -->
<!--
<property name="ipAddress">172.16.1.52</property>
-->
<property name="port">3307</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServer name="slave" virtual="true">
<poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool">
<!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA-->
<property name="loadbalance">1</property>
<!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 -->
<property name="poolNames">server2</property>
</poolConfig>
</dbServer>
</amoeba:dbServers>2、amoeba.xml
配置的内容为如下项：
定义连接amoeba时用来验证的用户及密码
真实的读写分离配置
defaultPool:配置了默认的数据库节点，一些除了SELECT\UPDATE\INSERT\DELETE的语句都会在 defaultPool执行。
writePool :配置了数据库写库，通常配为Master，如这里就配置为之前定义的Master数据库。
readPool :配置了数据库读库，通常配为Slave或者Slave组成的数据库池，如这里就配置之前的 virtualSlave数据库池
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:configuration SYSTEM "amoeba.dtd">
<amoeba:configuration xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">
<proxy>
<!-- service class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service -->
<service name="Amoeba for Mysql" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.ServerableConnectionManager">
<!-- port amoeba服务器对WEB端提供的工作端口 -->
<property name="port">3306</property>
<!-- bind ipAddress amoeba服务器对WEB端提供的工作IP -->
<property name="ipAddress">172.16.1.9</property>
<property name="manager">${clientConnectioneManager}</property>
<property name="connectionFactory">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlClientConnectionFactory">
<property name="sendBufferSize">128</property>
<property name="receiveBufferSize">64</property>
</bean>
</property>
<property name="authenticator">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator">
<!-- amoeba服务器对WEB端提供的工作用户 -->
<property name="user">root</property>
<!-- amoeba服务器对WEB端提供的工作用户的密码 -->
<property name="password">123456</property>
<property name="filter">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.IPAccessController">
<property name="ipFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/access_list.conf</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</service>
<!-- server class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service -->
<service name="Amoeba Monitor Server" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.monitor.MonitorServer">
<!-- port -->
<!-- default value: random number
<property name="port">9066</property>
-->
<!-- bind ipAddress -->
<property name="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property>
<property name="daemon">true</property>
<property name="manager">${clientConnectioneManager}</property>
<property name="connectionFactory">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.monitor.net.MonitorClientConnectionFactory"></bean>
</property>
</service>
<runtime class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.context.MysqlRuntimeContext">
<!-- proxy server net IO Read thread size -->
<property name="readThreadPoolSize">200</property>
<!-- proxy server client process thread size -->
<property name="clientSideThreadPoolSize">300</property>
<!-- mysql server data packet process thread size -->
<property name="serverSideThreadPoolSize">300</property>
<!-- per connection cache prepared statement size -->
<property name="statementCacheSize">500</property>
<!-- query timeout( default: 60 second , TimeUnit:second) -->
<property name="queryTimeout">60</property>
</runtime>
</proxy>
<!--
Each ConnectionManager will start as thread
manager responsible for the Connection IO read , Death Detection
-->
<connectionManagerList>
<connectionManager name="clientConnectioneManager" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper">
<property name="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.amoeba.net.ConnectionManager</property>
<!--
default value is avaliable Processors
<property name="processors">5</property>
-->
</connectionManager>
<connectionManager name="defaultManager" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper">
<property name="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.amoeba.net.AuthingableConnectionManager</property>
<!--
default value is avaliable Processors
<property name="processors">5</property>
-->
</connectionManager>
</connectionManagerList>
<!-- default using file loader -->
<dbServerLoader class="com.meidusa.amoeba.context.DBServerConfigFileLoader">
<property name="configFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/dbServers.xml</property>
</dbServerLoader>
<queryRouter class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.parser.MysqlQueryRouter">
<property name="ruleLoader">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.route.TableRuleFileLoader">
<property name="ruleFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/rule.xml</property>
<property name="functionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml</property>
</bean>
</property>
<property name="sqlFunctionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/functionMap.xml</property>
<property name="LRUMapSize">1500</property>
<property name="defaultPool">server1</property>
<!-- 指定读取和写入的指定池 -->
<property name="writePool">server1</property>
<property name="readPool">server2</property>
<property name="needParse">true</property>
</queryRouter>
</amoeba:configuration>MySQL单机多实例的配置文件内容简单注释到此结束。
原文地址：http://momolinux.blog.51cto.com/10815424/1729985
