码迷,mamicode.com
首页 > 移动开发 > 详细

(六)Android中Service通信

时间:2016-01-08 23:39:54      阅读:271      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

标签:

一、启动Service并传递参数

传递参数时只需在startService启动的Intent中传入数据便可,接收参数时可在onStartCommand函数中通过读取第一个参数Intent的内容来实现

1.MainActivity.java

package com.example.shiyanshi.serviceconnected;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;


public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {
private EditText editText;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

editText= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText);
findViewById(R.id.btnStartService).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.btnStopService).setOnClickListener(this);
}

@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
switch (view.getId()){
case R.id.btnStartService:
Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyService.class);
intent.putExtra("data",editText.getText().toString());
startService(intent);
break;
case R.id.btnStopService:
stopService(new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyService.class));
}

}
}

2.MyService.java

package com.example.shiyanshi.serviceconnected;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;

public class MyService extends Service {
private String data;
private boolean flag;

public MyService() {
}

@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
}

@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

data=intent.getStringExtra("data");
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}

@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
flag=true;
new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
while (flag) {
System.out.println(data);
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}.start();
}

@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
flag=false;
}
}

3.布局文件

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity">

<EditText android:text="@string/hello_world" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/editText"/>

<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="启动服务"
android:id="@+id/btnStartService" />

<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="停止服务"
android:id="@+id/btnStopService" />

</LinearLayout>

二、绑定Service进行通信

(1)Activity向Service传递消息

绑定服务后,Activity和Service之间可以通过android.os.Binder进行通信,当绑定服务时首先调用onCreate函数,然后调用Service类的onBind函数返回一个Binder,之后会调用Activity类中实现的onServiceConnected函数,该函数的第二个参数IBinder iBinder是Service类中onBind方法的返回值,通过这个Binder二者便可以成功通信。

1.MainActivity.java

package com.example.shiyanshi.serviceconnected;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;


public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener, ServiceConnection {
private EditText editText;
private MyService.Binder binder=null;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

editText= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText);
findViewById(R.id.btnStartService).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.btnStopService).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.btnBindService).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.btnUnbindService).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.btnSyncData).setOnClickListener(this);

}

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
return true;
}

@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
int id = item.getItemId();

//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
return true;
}

return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}

@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
switch (view.getId()){
case R.id.btnStartService:
Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyService.class);
intent.putExtra("data",editText.getText().toString());
startService(intent);
break;
case R.id.btnStopService:
stopService(new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyService.class));
break;
case R.id.btnBindService:
bindService(new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyService.class), this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
break;
case R.id.btnUnbindService:
unbindService(this);
break;
case R.id.btnSyncData:
if(binder!=null){
System.out.println("bind in not null");
binder.setData(editText.getText().toString()); //调用Bind中实现的数据交互方法
}
break;
}

}

@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
System.out.println("*****Connected Successful*******");
binder= (MyService.Binder) iBinder;
}

@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
System.out.println("*****Disconnected Successful*******");

}
}

2.MyService.java

package com.example.shiyanshi.serviceconnected;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;

public class MyService extends Service {
private String data="default info";
private boolean flag;

public MyService() {
}

@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
// throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
return new Binder(); //返回值会传给onServiceConnected函数的第二个参数IBinder
}
    //该类是Activity和Service进行交互数据的接口

public class Binder extends android.os.Binder{
public void setData(String data) {
MyService.this.data=data;
}

}

@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

data=intent.getStringExtra("data");
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}

@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
System.out.println("*******onCreate********");
flag=true;
new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
while (flag) {
System.out.println(data);
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}.start();
}

@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
System.out.println("******onDestroy******");
flag=false;
}
}

(2)Service向Activity传递消息,并将传递的数据显示到Activity中

主要通过在Service中设定一个回调函数的接口,并定义一个该接口的引用,该引用的实例化是在Activity中进行的,实例化的同时会重写该接口中定义的回调函数,让该回调函数发送一个消息,并且在消息处理器(Handler)中进行更新UI线程的内容;此外在新开的Thread线程中调用该回调函数进行更新数据。

1.MainActivity.java

package com.example.shiyanshi.serviceconnected;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import org.w3c.dom.Text;

import java.util.logging.Handler;


public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener, ServiceConnection {
private EditText editText;
private MyService.Binder binder=null;
private TextView tvOut;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

editText= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText);
tvOut=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.tvOut);

findViewById(R.id.btnStartService).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.btnStopService).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.btnBindService).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.btnUnbindService).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.btnSyncData).setOnClickListener(this);

}

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
return true;
}

@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
int id = item.getItemId();

//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
return true;
}

return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}

@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
switch (view.getId()){
case R.id.btnStartService:
Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyService.class);
intent.putExtra("data",editText.getText().toString());
startService(intent);
break;
case R.id.btnStopService:
stopService(new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyService.class));
break;
case R.id.btnBindService:
bindService(new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyService.class), this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
break;
case R.id.btnUnbindService:
unbindService(this);
break;
case R.id.btnSyncData:
if(binder!=null){
System.out.println("bind in not null");
binder.setData(editText.getText().toString());
}
break;
}

}

@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
System.out.println("*****Connected Successful*******");
binder= (MyService.Binder) iBinder;
        //设置回调函数,在回调函数中通过发送消息和消息处理器进行修改UI线程要显示的内容
binder.getService().setCallback(new MyService.Callback() {
@Override
public void onDataChange(String data) {
//tvOut.setText(data); 这里不可以直接设置,因为由新创建的线程去调用这个函数,不允许直接修改UI线程的内容
Message msg=new Message();
Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
bundle.putString("data",data);
msg.setData(bundle);
handler.sendMessage(msg); //通过handler发送消息
}
});
}

@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
System.out.println("*****Disconnected Successful*******");

}
 
    //消息处理函数,接收Message并进行处理

private android.os.Handler handler=new android.os.Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
tvOut.setText(msg.getData().getString("data"));

}
};
}
 

2.MyService.java

package com.example.shiyanshi.serviceconnected;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;

public class MyService extends Service {
private String data="default info";
private boolean flag;

public MyService() {
}

@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
// throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
System.out.println("******onBind*****");
return new Binder(); //返回值会传给onServiceConnected函数的第二个参数IBinder
}
//该类是Activity和Service进行交互数据的接口
public class Binder extends android.os.Binder{
public void setData(String data) {
MyService.this.data=data;
}

//获取当前的MyService类的引用
public MyService getService(){
return MyService.this;
}

}

@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

data=intent.getStringExtra("data");
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}

@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
System.out.println("*******onCreate********");
flag=true;

new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
int i=0;
while (flag) {
i++;
String str=i+":"+data;
System.out.println(str);

//由新创建的线程去调用这个函数,不允许直接修改UI线程的内容
if (callback!=null){
callback.onDataChange(str);
}
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}.start();
}

@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
System.out.println("******onDestroy******");
flag=false;
}
    //创建的接口用于回调,回调函数(onDataChange)具体是在Activity中实现的


private Callback callback=null;

public void setCallback(Callback callback) {
this.callback = callback;
}

public Callback getCallback() {
return callback;
}

public static interface Callback{
void onDataChange(String data);
}








}

 

 

(六)Android中Service通信

标签:

原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/ql698214/p/5111422.html

(0)
(0)
   
举报
评论 一句话评论(0
登录后才能评论!
© 2014 mamicode.com 版权所有  联系我们:gaon5@hotmail.com
迷上了代码!