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总所周知,C++ STL中有个头文件,名为algorithm,即算法的意思。
The header<algorithm>
defines a collection of functions especially designed to be used on ranges of elements.
所以,要八一八这个头文件中C++11新增的几个算法,今天主要描述的几个算法不改变容器中元素的顺序。
这里还要啰嗦一句,使用stl算法时,如果与lambda表达式组合使用,那么代码会更加简洁。
find_if_not
该算法在之前介绍过,请参阅博客《实战c++中的vector系列–vector应用之STL的find、find_if、find_end、find_first_of、find_if_not(C++11)》。
all_of
原型:
template <class InputIterator, class UnaryPredicate>
bool all_of (InputIterator first, InputIterator last, UnaryPredicate pred);
作用:
Test condition on all elements in range
Returns true if pred returns true for all the elements in the range [first,last) or if the range is empty, and false otherwise.
检测区间[first, last)中是否所有的元素都满足一元判断表达式pred。所有的元素都满足条件返回true,否则返回false.
应用:
#include <iostream> // std::cout
#include <algorithm> // std::all_of
#include <array> // std::array
int main () {
std::array<int,8> foo = {3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23};
if ( std::all_of(foo.begin(), foo.end(), [](int i){return i%2;}) )
std::cout << "All the elements are odd numbers.\n";
return 0;
}
//输出:
All the elements are odd numbers.
any_of
原型:
template <class InputIterator, class UnaryPredicate>
bool any_of (InputIterator first, InputIterator last, UnaryPredicate pred);
作用:
Test if any element in range fulfills condition
Returns true if pred returns true for any of the elements in the range [first,last), and false otherwise.
应用:
#include <iostream> // std::cout
#include <algorithm> // std::any_of
#include <array> // std::array
int main () {
std::array<int,7> foo = {0,1,-1,3,-3,5,-5};
if ( std::any_of(foo.begin(), foo.end(), [](int i){return i<0;}) )
std::cout << "There are negative elements in the range.\n";
return 0;
}
//输出:
There are negative elements in the range.
none_of
原型:
template <class InputIterator, class UnaryPredicate>
bool none_of (InputIterator first, InputIterator last, UnaryPredicate pred);
作用:
Returns true if pred returns false for all the elements in the range [first,last) or if the range is empty, and false otherwise.
应用:
#include <iostream> // std::cout
#include <algorithm> // std::none_of
#include <array> // std::array
int main () {
std::array<int,8> foo = {1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128};
if ( std::none_of(foo.begin(), foo.end(), [](int i){return i<0;}) )
std::cout << "There are no negative elements in the range.\n";
return 0;
}
//输出:
There are no negative elements in the range.
is_permutation
permutation 名词 排列 、交换等意思。
该函数是用来判断两个序列是否为同一元素集的不同排列!
该函数使用operator==或者是pred来判断两个元素是否是相等的。
原型:
template <class ForwardIterator1, class ForwardIterator2>
bool is_permutation (ForwardIterator1 first1, ForwardIterator1 last1,
ForwardIterator2 first2);
template <class ForwardIterator1, class ForwardIterator2, class BinaryPredicate>
bool is_permutation (ForwardIterator1 first1, ForwardIterator1 last1,
ForwardIterator2 first2, BinaryPredicate pred);
作用:
Test whether range is permutation of another
Compares the elements in the range [first1,last1) with those in the range beginning at first2, and returns true if all of the elements in both ranges match, even in a different order.
应用:
#include <iostream> // std::cout
#include <algorithm> // std::is_permutation
#include <array> // std::array
int main () {
std::array<int,5> foo = {1,2,3,4,5};
std::array<int,5> bar = {3,1,4,5,2};
if ( std::is_permutation (foo.begin(), foo.end(), bar.begin()) )
std::cout << "foo and bar contain the same elements.\n";
return 0;
}
//输出:
foo and bar contain the same elements.
这里需要注意的是,你不能突发奇想,比如用大于号或是小于号进行比较,你只能这样:
The elements are compared using operator== (or pred)
C++11新特性应用--介绍几个新增的便利算法(不更改容器中元素顺序的算法)
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原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/wangshubo1989/article/details/50533238