$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$环境说明$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
主：192.168.31.71
从：192.168.31.72
操作系统：centos 6.6
mysql：5.7.10
mysql_base /usr/local/mysql
配置文件见附件，主从的区别是server_id不同，切记保证主从server_id不同
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&主从操作$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
主：
初始化
[root@mysql57-71 data]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
生成ssl文件，5.7采用openssl安全加密，可以不用这一步
[root@mysql57-71 data]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/etc/my.cnf
更改权限
[root@mysql57-71 data]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/*
启动mysql
[root@mysql57-71 data]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/etc/my.cnf &
获取root临时密码，5.7一大改进，之前版本root默认没有密码
[root@mysql57-71 data]# cat /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/error.log |grep temporary
2016-01-25T11:18:48.302304+08:00 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Wl3jdkL_9_7c
2016-01-25T11:24:12.307468+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: Creating shared tablespace for temporary tables
更改root临时密码
mysql> mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock -uroot -p
alter user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘password‘;
创建复制账号
mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to ‘repl‘@‘%‘ identified by ‘slavepass‘;
从：
初始化
[root@mysql57-71 data]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
生成ssl文件，5.7采用openssl安全加密，可以不用这一步
[root@mysql57-71 data]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/etc/my.cnf
更改权限
[root@mysql57-71 data]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/*
启动mysql
[root@mysql57-71 data]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/etc/my.cnf &
获取root临时密码，5.7一大改进，之前版本root默认没有密码
[root@mysql57-71 data]# cat /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/error.log |grep temporary
2016-01-25T11:18:48.302304+08:00 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Wl3jdkL_9_7c
2016-01-25T11:24:12.307468+08:00 0 [Note] InnoDB: Creating shared tablespace for temporary tables
更改root临时密码
mysql> mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock -uroot -p
alter user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘password‘;
创建复制关系
change master to master_host=‘192.168.31.71‘,master_port=3306,master_user=‘repl‘,master_password=‘slavepass‘,master_auto_position=1;
启动slave
查看复制状态，注意此时Slave_SQL_Running: No，从库没能正常运行
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.31.71
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 741
Relay_Log_File: relay.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 27063
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 1062
Last_Error: Could not execute Write_rows event on table mysql.server_cost; Duplicate entry ‘row_evaluate_cost‘ for key ‘PRIMARY‘, Error_code: 1062; handler error HA_ERR_FOUND_DUPP_KEY; the event‘s master log mysql-bin.000001, end_log_pos 27118
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 26850
Relay_Log_Space: 100809
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 1062
Last_SQL_Error: Could not execute Write_rows event on table mysql.server_cost; Duplicate entry ‘row_evaluate_cost‘ for key ‘PRIMARY‘, Error_code: 1062; handler error HA_ERR_FOUND_DUPP_KEY; the event‘s master log mysql-bin.000001, end_log_pos 27118
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 713306
Master_UUID: 0fbdce0d-c495-11e5-9748-0800279bd495
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 160127 09:29:07
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 0fbdce0d-c495-11e5-9748-0800279bd495:1-135
Executed_Gtid_Set: 0ee5a5bd-c495-11e5-82f1-0800279bd495:1-134,
0fbdce0d-c495-11e5-9748-0800279bd495:2-30
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
错误原因分析
错误为1062，主键冲突错误，主要原因是在初始化时，mysql的元数据库会进行表的创建及插入，主从都会执行，做这些动作时，所有的事务都会相应的分配gtid号，因此当启动从时会将主上的事件回放一遍，当回放到事务号为31时，从库报主键错误，那么为何不是从1开始报错呢？是因为配置文件中启用了slave_skip_errors = ddl_exist_errors，在30号之前的事务id都是建表语句，之后为insert插入语句。
错误解决方式一
从库执行
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> reset master;
mysql> set gtid_purged="0ee5a5bd-c495-11e5-82f1-0800279bd495:1-134,0fbdce0d-c495-11e5-9748-0800279bd495:1-134"
mysql> start slave;
原理：跳过重复的gtid事务
错误解决方式二
主从初始化时指定gtid-mode=off：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --gtid-mode=off
此时采用mysqlbinlog去查看binlog日志可发现默认的gtid是ANONYMOUS：
[root@mysql57-71 logs]# mysqlbinlog -v --base64-output=decode-row ./mysql-bin.000001
#160127 10:41:49 server id 713306 end_log_pos 99259 CRC32 0xf89f3faf Anonymous_GTIDlast_committed=132sequence_number=133
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= ‘ANONYMOUS‘/*!*/;
# at 99259
接下来的操作和上面主从操作一致。
原理：在初始化时mysql元数据的操作不记录gtid，启动后所有的操作记录gtid，且gtid事务号从1开始，从而避免1062错误。
[root@mysql57-71 logs]# mysqlbinlog -v --base64-output=decode-row ./mysql-bin.000002
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#160127 10:49:41 server id 713306 end_log_pos 123 CRC32 0x35ee3e2d Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.7.9-log created 160127 10:49:41 at startup
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
# at 123
#160127 10:49:41 server id 713306 end_log_pos 154 CRC32 0x21d84665 Previous-GTIDs
# [empty]
# at 154
#160127 10:50:38 server id 713306 end_log_pos 219 CRC32 0x2a912c89 GTIDlast_committed=0sequence_number=1
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= ‘7f2c189e-c49f-11e5-b3f9-0800279bd495:1‘/*!*/;
# at 219
#160127 10:50:38 server id 713306 end_log_pos 398 CRC32 0x9bf46a0f Querythread_id=2exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1453863038/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=2/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1436549120/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=45/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
ALTER USER ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED WITH ‘mysql_native_password‘ AS ‘*CCDDC44F45A76B3B3C5E46A5B0D17E88ABC2B4BA‘
/*!*/;
# at 398
#160127 10:51:13 server id 713306 end_log_pos 463 CRC32 0xaf535af9 GTIDlast_committed=1sequence_number=2
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= ‘7f2c189e-c49f-11e5-b3f9-0800279bd495:2‘/*!*/;
# at 463
#160127 10:51:13 server id 713306 end_log_pos 701 CRC32 0x60a0eced Querythread_id=2exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1453863073/*!*/;
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO ‘repl‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED WITH ‘mysql_native_password‘ AS ‘*809534247D21AC735802078139D8A854F45C31F3‘
/*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= ‘AUTOMATIC‘ /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;
原文地址：http://gaoquan.blog.51cto.com/4503718/1738882
