Ubuntu 14.04 配置caffe环境

时间：2016-03-06 12:36:53 阅读：471 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

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原文地址：

http://blog.csdn.net/ubunfans/article/details/47724341

略有更改,更改的部分参考了http://www.cnblogs.com/platero/p/3993877.html

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Caffe 安装配置步骤：

1，安装开发所需的依赖包（ok）

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sudo apt-get install build-essential # basic requirement
sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev libboost-all-dev libhdf5-serial-dev libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev protobuf-compiler #required by caffe

2，安装CUDA 7.0

验证过程省略，按照官方文档自己操作吧（遇到问题首先要看官方文档啊，血泪教训）

安装CUDA有两种方法，

离线.run安装：从官网下载对应版本的.run安装包安装，安装过程挺复杂，尝试过几次没成功，遂放弃。

在离线.deb安装：deb安装分离线和在线，我都尝试过都安装成功了，官网下载地址

安装之前请先进行md5校验，确保下载的安装包完整

切换到下载的deb所在目录，执行下边的命令

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sudo dpkg -i cuda-repo-<distro>_<version>_<architecture>.deb
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cuda

然后重启电脑：sudo reboot

NOTE:装不成功卸了多来几遍，总会成的

3，安装cuDNN

下载cudnn-6.5-linux-x64-v2.tgz，官网申请不到，网上自己找的，就不给地址了。

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tar -zxvf cudnn-6.5-linux-x64-v2.tgz
cd cudnn-6.5-linux-x64-v2
sudo cp lib* /usr/local/cuda/lib64/
sudo cp cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/include/

更新软连接

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cd /usr/local/cuda/lib64/
sudo rm -rf libcudnn.so libcudnn.so.6.5
sudo ln -s libcudnn.so.6.5.48 libcudnn.so.6.5
sudo ln -s libcudnn.so.6.5 libcudnn.so

上边的操作为什么这么做，不知道，原理是什么，不知道。等我知道了再来补充

4，设置环境变量

在/etc/profile中添加CUDA环境变量

sudo gedit /etc/profile

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PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin:$PATH
export PATH

保存后, 执行下列命令, 使环境变量立即生效

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source /etc/profile

同时需要添加lib库路径：在 /etc/ld.so.conf.d/加入文件 cuda.conf, 内容如下

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/usr/local/cuda/lib64

保存后，执行下列命令使之立刻生效

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sudo ldconfig

5，安装CUDA SAMPLE

进入/usr/local/cuda/samples, 执行下列命令来build samples

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sudo make all -j4

整个过程大概10分钟左右, 全部编译完成后，进入 samples/bin/x86_64/linux/release, 运行deviceQuery

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./deviceQuery

如果出现显卡信息，则驱动及显卡安装成功：

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./deviceQuery Starting...
CUDA Device Query (Runtime API) version (CUDART static linking)
Detected 1 CUDA Capable device(s)
Device 0: "GeForce GTX 670"
CUDA Driver Version / Runtime Version 6.5 / 6.5
CUDA Capability Major/Minor version number: 3.0
Total amount of global memory: 4095 MBytes (4294246400 bytes)
( 7) Multiprocessors, (192) CUDA Cores/MP: 1344 CUDA Cores
GPU Clock rate: 1098 MHz (1.10 GHz)
Memory Clock rate: 3105 Mhz
Memory Bus Width: 256-bit
L2 Cache Size: 524288 bytes
Maximum Texture Dimension Size (x,y,z) 1D=(65536), 2D=(65536, 65536), 3D=(4096, 4096, 4096)
Maximum Layered 1D Texture Size, (num) layers 1D=(16384), 2048 layers
Maximum Layered 2D Texture Size, (num) layers 2D=(16384, 16384), 2048 layers
Total amount of constant memory: 65536 bytes
Total amount of shared memory per block: 49152 bytes
Total number of registers available per block: 65536
Warp size: 32
Maximum number of threads per multiprocessor: 2048
Maximum number of threads per block: 1024
Max dimension size of a thread block (x,y,z): (1024, 1024, 64)
Max dimension size of a grid size (x,y,z): (2147483647, 65535, 65535)
Maximum memory pitch: 2147483647 bytes
Texture alignment: 512 bytes
Concurrent copy and kernel execution: Yes with 1 copy engine(s)
Run time limit on kernels: Yes
Integrated GPU sharing Host Memory: No
Support host page-locked memory mapping: Yes
Alignment requirement for Surfaces: Yes
Device has ECC support: Disabled
Device supports Unified Addressing (UVA): Yes
Device PCI Bus ID / PCI location ID: 1 / 0
Compute Mode:
< Default (multiple host threads can use ::cudaSetDevice() with device simultaneously) >
deviceQuery, CUDA Driver = CUDART, CUDA Driver Version = 6.5, CUDA Runtime Version = 6.5, NumDevs = 1, Device0 = GeForce GTX 670
Result = PASS

NOTE:上边的显卡信息是从别的地方拷过来的，我的GTX650显卡不是这些信息，如果没有这些信息，那肯定是安装不成功，找原因吧！

6，安装Intel MKL 或Atlas (ok)

我没有MKL，装的Atlas

安装命令：

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sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev

7，安装OpenCV

这个尽量不要手动安装， Github上有人已经写好了完整的安装脚本：https://github.com/jayrambhia/Install-OpenCV

下载该脚本，进入Ubuntu/2.4 目录, 给所有shell脚本加上可执行权限

chmod +x *.sh

然后安装最新版本（当前为2.4.9）

sudo ./opencv2_4_9.sh

脚本会自动安装依赖项，下载安装包，编译并安装OpenCV。整个过程大概半小时左右。

注意，中途可能会报错

opencv-2.4.9/modules/gpu/src/nvidia/core/NCVPixelOperations.hpp(51): error: a storage class is not allowed in an explicit specialization

解决方法在此：http://code.opencv.org/issues/3814 下载 NCVPixelOperations.hpp 替换掉opencv2.4.9内的文件，重新build。

8，安装Caffe所需要的Python环境

按caffe官网的推荐使用Anaconda

去Anaconda官网下载安装包
切换到文件所在目录，执行

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bash Anaconda-2.3.0-Linux-x86_64.s<em>h</em>

NOTE:后边的文件名按自己下的版本号更改，整个安装过程请选择默认

8.1，添加Anaconda Library Path

在/etc/ld.so.conf最后加入以下路径，并没有出现重启不能进入界面的问题(NOTE:下边的username要替换)

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/home/username/anaconda/lib

在~/.bashrc最后添加下边路径

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export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/home/username/anaconda/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"

9，安装python依赖库
去caffe的github下载caffe源码包
进入caffe-master下的python目录

执行如下命令

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for req in $(cat requirements.txt); do pip install $req; done

10，安装MATLAB

Caffe提供了MATLAB接口，有需要用MATLAB的同学可以额外安装MATLAB。安装教程请自行搜索。

安装完成后添加图标 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-01/31632.htm

sudo vi /usr/share/applications/Matlab.desktop

输入以下内容

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=Matlab
GenericName=Matlab 2010b
Comment=Matlab:The Language of Technical Computing
Exec=sh /usr/local/MATLAB/R2010b/bin/matlab -desktop
Icon=/usr/local/MATLAB/Matlab.png
Terminal=false
Categories=Development;Matlab;

(I use the R2013b patched package. First you should uncompress the .iso file. Then use sudo cp to copy the patch file)

11，编译Caffe

终于来到这里了

进入caffe-master目录，复制一份Makefile.config.examples

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cp Makefile.config.example Makefile.config

修改其中的一些路径，如果前边和我说的一致，都选默认路径的话，那么配置文件应该张这个样子

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## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html
# Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome!
# cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN).
# USE_CUDNN := 1
# CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).
# CPU_ONLY := 1
# To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following.
# N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++
# CUSTOM_CXX := g++
# CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need.
CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda
# On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via
# "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead:
# CUDA_DIR := /usr
# CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them.
# For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 lines for compatibility.
CUDA_ARCH := -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 \
-gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21 \
-gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \
-gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \
-gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \
-gencode arch=compute_50,code=compute_50
# BLAS choice:
# atlas for ATLAS (default)
# mkl for MKL
# open for OpenBlas
BLAS := atlas
# Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories.
# Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS
# (which should work)!
# BLAS_INCLUDE := /path/to/your/blas
# BLAS_LIB := /path/to/your/blas
# Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path
# BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include
# BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib
# This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface.
# MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin.
# MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local
# MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app
# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
#PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 \
/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include
# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it‘s in root.
ANACONDA_HOME := $(HOME)/anaconda
PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \
$(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 \
$(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include \
# We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib.
#PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib
PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib
# Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only)
# PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c ‘import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)‘))/include
# PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib
# Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)
# WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1
# Whatever else you find you need goes here.
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib
# If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies
# INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include
# LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib
# Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths.
# (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.)
# USE_PKG_CONFIG := 1
BUILD_DIR := build
DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute
# Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171
# DEBUG := 1
# The ID of the GPU that ‘make runtest‘ will use to run unit tests.
TEST_GPUID := 0
# enable pretty build (comment to see full commands)
Q ?= @