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在学习Java 多线程并发开发过程中,了解到DelayQueue类的主要作用:是一个无界的BlockingQueue,用于放置实现了Delayed接口的对象,其 中的对象只能在其到期时才能从队列中取走。这种队列是有序的,即队头对象的延迟到期时间最长。注意:不能将null元素放置到这种队列中。
Delayed,一种混合风格的接口,用来标记那些应该在给定延迟时间之后执行的对象。此接口的实现必须定义一个 compareTo 方法,该方法提供与此接口的 getDelay 方法一致的排序。
在网上也看到两个示例,但这两个示例个人在实际运行时均没有达到满足业务场景的效果,因而对其进行了修改,供大家参考讨论。
该场景来自于http://ideasforjava.iteye.com/blog/657384,模拟一个考试的日子,考试时间为120分钟,30分钟后才可交卷,当时间到了,或学生都交完卷了考试结束。
这个场景中几个点需要注意:
实现思想:用DelayQueue存储考生(Student类),每一个考生都有自己的名字和完成试卷的时间,Teacher线程对 DelayQueue进行监控,收取完成试卷小于120分钟的学生的试卷。当考试时间120分钟到时,先关闭Teacher线程,然后强制 DelayQueue中还存在的考生交卷。每一个考生交卷都会进行一次countDownLatch.countDown(),当 countDownLatch.await()不再阻塞说明所有考生都交完卷了,而后结束考试。
package com.my.base.concurrent.delayQueue; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Random; import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; import java.util.concurrent.DelayQueue; import java.util.concurrent.Delayed; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; /** *this project is created for my partactice. *In the project I will write the mybatis by myself * *2014-1-10 下午9:43:48 *@author 孙振超 mychaoyue2011@163.com */ public class Exam { /** * *2014-1-10 下午9:43:48 by 孙振超 * *@param args *void * @throws InterruptedException */ public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub int studentNumber = 20; CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(studentNumber+1); DelayQueue< Student> students = new DelayQueue<Student>(); Random random = new Random(); for (int i = 0; i < studentNumber; i++) { students.put(new Student("student"+(i+1), 30+random.nextInt(120),countDownLatch)); } Thread teacherThread =new Thread(new Teacher(students)); students.put(new EndExam(students, 120,countDownLatch,teacherThread)); teacherThread.start(); countDownLatch.await(); System.out.println(" 考试时间到,全部交卷!"); } } class Student implements Runnable,Delayed{ private String name; private long workTime; private long submitTime; private boolean isForce = false; private CountDownLatch countDownLatch; public Student(){} public Student(String name,long workTime,CountDownLatch countDownLatch){ this.name = name; this.workTime = workTime; this.submitTime = TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.convert(workTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)+System.nanoTime(); this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch; } @Override public int compareTo(Delayed o) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if(o == null || ! (o instanceof Student)) return 1; if(o == this) return 0; Student s = (Student)o; if (this.workTime > s.workTime) { return 1; }else if (this.workTime == s.workTime) { return 0; }else { return -1; } } @Override public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return unit.convert(submitTime - System.nanoTime(), TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); } @Override public void run() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if (isForce) { System.out.println(name + " 交卷, 希望用时" + workTime + "分钟"+" ,实际用时 120分钟" ); }else { System.out.println(name + " 交卷, 希望用时" + workTime + "分钟"+" ,实际用时 "+workTime +" 分钟"); } countDownLatch.countDown(); } public boolean isForce() { return isForce; } public void setForce(boolean isForce) { this.isForce = isForce; } } class EndExam extends Student{ private DelayQueue<Student> students; private CountDownLatch countDownLatch; private Thread teacherThread; public EndExam(DelayQueue<Student> students, long workTime, CountDownLatch countDownLatch,Thread teacherThread) { super("强制收卷", workTime,countDownLatch); this.students = students; this.countDownLatch = countDownLatch; this.teacherThread = teacherThread; } @Override public void run() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub teacherThread.interrupt(); Student tmpStudent; for (Iterator<Student> iterator2 = students.iterator(); iterator2.hasNext();) { tmpStudent = iterator2.next(); tmpStudent.setForce(true); tmpStudent.run(); } countDownLatch.countDown(); } } class Teacher implements Runnable{ private DelayQueue<Student> students; public Teacher(DelayQueue<Student> students){ this.students = students; } @Override public void run() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub try { System.out.println(" test start"); while(!Thread.interrupted()){ students.take().run(); } } catch (Exception e) { // TODO: handle exception e.printStackTrace(); } } }
该场景来自于http://www.cnblogs.com/jobs/archive/2007/04/27/730255.html,向缓存添加内容时,给每一个key设定过期时间,系统自动将超过过期时间的key清除。
这个场景中几个点需要注意:
具体实现如下:
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/jsStudyjj/p/5267937.html