前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究,在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过,但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清,还是比较好掌握的。
??? 总结如下:
??? Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分,分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分,无论哪种配置方式,一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
???DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化,比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时,DataSource实际为SessionFactory,TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
??? 具体如下图:
??? 根据代理机制的不同,总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式,配置文件如下:
??? 第一种方式:每个Bean都有一个代理
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> |
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? xsi:schemaLocation="http: |
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? <bean id= "sessionFactory" |
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? class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" > |
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? <property name= "configLocation" ?value= "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" ?/> |
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? <property name= "configurationClass" ?value= "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" ?/> |
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? <!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) --> |
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? <bean id= "transactionManager" |
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? class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" > |
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? <property name= "sessionFactory" ?ref= "sessionFactory" ?/> |
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? <bean id= "userDaoTarget" ?class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" > |
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? <property name= "sessionFactory" ?ref= "sessionFactory" ?/> |
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? class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" > |
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? <property name= "transactionManager" ?ref= "transactionManager" ?/> |
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? <property name= "target" ?ref= "userDaoTarget" ?/> |
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? <property name= "proxyInterfaces" ?value= "com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" ?/> |
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? <property name= "transactionAttributes" > |
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? <prop key= "*" > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop> |
??? 第二种方式:所有Bean共享一个代理基类
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> |
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? xsi:schemaLocation="http: |
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? <bean id= "sessionFactory" |
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? class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" > |
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? <property name= "configLocation" ?value= "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" ?/> |
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? <property name= "configurationClass" ?value= "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" ?/> |
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? <!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) --> |
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? <bean id= "transactionManager" |
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? class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" > |
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? <property name= "sessionFactory" ?ref= "sessionFactory" ?/> |
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? <bean id= "transactionBase" |
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? class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" |
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? lazy-init= "true" ?abstract = "true" > |
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? <property name= "transactionManager" ?ref= "transactionManager" ?/> |
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? <property name= "transactionAttributes" > |
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? <prop key= "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop> |
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? <bean id= "userDaoTarget" ?class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" > |
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? <property name= "sessionFactory" ?ref= "sessionFactory" ?/> |
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? <bean id= "userDao" ?parent= "transactionBase" > |
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? <property name= "target" ?ref= "userDaoTarget" ?/> |
第三种方式:使用拦截器
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> |
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? xsi:schemaLocation="http: |
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? <bean id= "sessionFactory" |
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? class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" > |
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? <property name= "configLocation" ?value= "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" ?/> |
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? <property name= "configurationClass" ?value= "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" ?/> |
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? <!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) --> |
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? <bean id= "transactionManager" |
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? class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" > |
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? <property name= "sessionFactory" ?ref= "sessionFactory" ?/> |
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? <bean id= "transactionInterceptor" |
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? class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor" > |
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? <property name= "transactionManager" ?ref= "transactionManager" ?/> |
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? <property name= "transactionAttributes" > |
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? <prop key= "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop> |
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? <bean? class = "org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator" > |
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? <property name= "beanNames" > |
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? <value> *Dao </value> |
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? <property name= "interceptorNames" > |
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? <value> transactionInterceptor </value> |
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? <bean id= "userDao" ?class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" > |
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? <property name= "sessionFactory" ?ref= "sessionFactory" ?/> |
第四种方式:使用tx标签配置的拦截器
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> |
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? xsi:schemaLocation="http: |
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? <context:annotation-config /> |
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? <context:component-scan base- package = "com.bluesky" ?/> |
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? <bean id= "sessionFactory" |
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? class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" > |
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? <property name= "configLocation" ?value= "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" ?/> |
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? <property name= "configurationClass" ?value= "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" ?/> |
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? <!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) --> |
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? <bean id= "transactionManager" |
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? class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" > |
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? <property name= "sessionFactory" ?ref= "sessionFactory" ?/> |
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? <tx:advice id= "txAdvice" ?transaction-manager= "transactionManager" > |
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? <tx:method name= "*" ?propagation= "REQUIRED" ?/> |
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? <aop:pointcut id= "interceptorPointCuts" |
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? expression= "execution(*com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" ?/> |
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? <aop:advisor advice-ref= "txAdvice" |
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? pointcut-ref= "interceptorPointCuts" ?/> |
第五种方式:全注解
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> |
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? xsi:schemaLocation="http: |
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? <context:annotation-config /> |
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? <context:component-scan base- package = "com.bluesky" ?/> |
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? <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager= "transactionManager" /> |
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? <bean id= "sessionFactory" |
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? class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" > |
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? <property name= "configLocation" ?value= "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" ?/> |
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? <property name= "configurationClass" ?value= "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" ?/> |
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? <!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) --> |
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? <bean id= "transactionManager" |
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? class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" > |
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? <property name= "sessionFactory" ?ref= "sessionFactory" ?/> |
此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解,如下:
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package ?com.bluesky.spring.dao; |
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? import ?java.util.List; |
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? import ?org.hibernate.SessionFactory; |
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? import ?org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; |
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? import ?org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport; |
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? import ?org.springframework.stereotype.Component; |
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? import ?com.bluesky.spring.domain.User; |
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@Component (? " userDao " ?) |
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? public ?class ?UserDaoImpl? extends ?HibernateDaoSupport? implements ?UserDao { |
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? public ?List <User> listUsers() { |
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? return ?this ?.getSession().createQuery(? " from User " ?).list(); |