前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究,在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过,但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清,还是比较好掌握的。
??? 总结如下:
??? Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分,分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分,无论哪种配置方式,一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
???DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化,比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时,DataSource实际为SessionFactory,TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
??? 具体如下图:

??? 根据代理机制的不同,总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式,配置文件如下:
??? 第一种方式:每个Bean都有一个代理
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<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?> |
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?xsi:schemaLocation="http: |
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?<bean id="sessionFactory" |
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?class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> |
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?<property name="configLocation"?value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"?/> |
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?<property name="configurationClass"?value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"?/> |
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?<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) --> |
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?<bean id="transactionManager" |
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?class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> |
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?<property name="sessionFactory"?ref="sessionFactory"?/> |
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?<bean id="userDaoTarget"?class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"> |
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?<property name="sessionFactory"?ref="sessionFactory"?/> |
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?class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"> |
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?<property name="transactionManager"?ref="transactionManager"?/> |
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?<property name="target"?ref="userDaoTarget"?/> |
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?<property name="proxyInterfaces"?value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao"?/> |
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?<property name="transactionAttributes"> |
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?<prop key="*"> PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop> |
??? 第二种方式:所有Bean共享一个代理基类
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<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?> |
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?xsi:schemaLocation="http: |
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?<bean id="sessionFactory" |
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?class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> |
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?<property name="configLocation"?value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"?/> |
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?<property name="configurationClass"?value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"?/> |
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?<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) --> |
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?<bean id="transactionManager" |
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?class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> |
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?<property name="sessionFactory"?ref="sessionFactory"?/> |
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?<bean id="transactionBase" |
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?class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" |
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?lazy-init="true"?abstract="true"> |
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?<property name="transactionManager"?ref="transactionManager"?/> |
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?<property name="transactionAttributes"> |
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?<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop> |
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?<bean id="userDaoTarget"?class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"> |
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?<property name="sessionFactory"?ref="sessionFactory"?/> |
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?<bean id="userDao"?parent="transactionBase"> |
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?<property name="target"?ref="userDaoTarget"?/> |
第三种方式:使用拦截器
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<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?> |
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?xsi:schemaLocation="http: |
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?<bean id="sessionFactory" |
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?class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> |
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?<property name="configLocation"?value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"?/> |
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?<property name="configurationClass"?value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"?/> |
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?<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) --> |
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?<bean id="transactionManager" |
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?class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> |
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?<property name="sessionFactory"?ref="sessionFactory"?/> |
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?<bean id="transactionInterceptor" |
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?class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor"> |
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?<property name="transactionManager"?ref="transactionManager"?/> |
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?<property name="transactionAttributes"> |
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?<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop> |
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?<bean?class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator"> |
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?<property name="beanNames"> |
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?<value> *Dao </value> |
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?<property name="interceptorNames"> |
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?<value> transactionInterceptor </value> |
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?<bean id="userDao"?class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"> |
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?<property name="sessionFactory"?ref="sessionFactory"?/> |
第四种方式:使用tx标签配置的拦截器
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<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?> |
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?xsi:schemaLocation="http: |
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?<context:annotation-config /> |
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?<context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky"?/> |
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?<bean id="sessionFactory" |
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?class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> |
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?<property name="configLocation"?value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"?/> |
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?<property name="configurationClass"?value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"?/> |
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?<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) --> |
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?<bean id="transactionManager" |
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?class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> |
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?<property name="sessionFactory"?ref="sessionFactory"?/> |
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?<tx:advice id="txAdvice"?transaction-manager="transactionManager"> |
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?<tx:method name="*"?propagation="REQUIRED"?/> |
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?<aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts" |
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?expression="execution(*com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))"?/> |
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?<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" |
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?pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts"?/> |
第五种方式:全注解
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<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?> |
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?xsi:schemaLocation="http: |
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?<context:annotation-config /> |
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?<context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky"?/> |
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?<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> |
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?<bean id="sessionFactory" |
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?class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> |
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?<property name="configLocation"?value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"?/> |
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?<property name="configurationClass"?value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"?/> |
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?<!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务) --> |
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?<bean id="transactionManager" |
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?class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> |
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?<property name="sessionFactory"?ref="sessionFactory"?/> |
此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解,如下:
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package?com.bluesky.spring.dao; |
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?import?java.util.List; |
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?import?org.hibernate.SessionFactory; |
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?import?org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; |
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?import?org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport; |
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?import?org.springframework.stereotype.Component; |
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?import?com.bluesky.spring.domain.User; |
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@Component(?" userDao "?) |
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?public?class?UserDaoImpl?extends?HibernateDaoSupport?implements?UserDao { |
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?public?List <User> listUsers() { |
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?return?this?.getSession().createQuery(?" from User "?).list(); |