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SQL> --查询10号部门的所有员工信息
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where empno = 10;

未选定行

SQL> ed
SP2-0110: 无法创建保存文件 "afiedt.buf"
SQL> 3
  3* where empno = 10
SQL> c /empno/deptno;
  3* where deptno = 10
SQL> /

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE         
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- --------------   
       SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                               
---------- ---------- ----------                                               
      7782 CLARK                MANAGER                  7839 09-6月 -81       
      2450                    10                                               
                                                                               
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     17-11月-81       
      5000                    10                                               
                                                                               
      7934 MILLER               CLERK                    7782 23-1月 -82       
      1300                    10                                               
                                                                               

SQL> set linesize 120l
SP2-0268: linesize 选项的编号无效
SQL> set linesize 120;
SQL> /

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE              SAL       COMM     DEPTNO          
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- -------------- ---------- ---------- ----------          
      7782 CLARK                MANAGER                  7839 09-6月 -81           2450                    10          
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     17-11月-81           5000                    10          
      7934 MILLER               CLERK                    7782 23-1月 -82           1300                    10          

SQL> -- 查询名字为KING的员工信息
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where ename = ‘KING‘;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE              SAL       COMM     DEPTNO          
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- -------------- ---------- ---------- ----------          
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     17-11月-81           5000                    10          

SQL> 3
  3* where ename = ‘KING‘
SQL> c /KING/King;
  3* where ename = ‘King‘
SQL> /

未选定行

SQL> --在oracle中字段的名称是不区分大小写的,但是字段里面的值是区分大小的
SQL> --查询入职日期是81-11-17号的员工信息
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where hiredate = ‘17-11月-81‘;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE              SAL       COMM     DEPTNO          
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- -------------- ---------- ---------- ----------          
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     17-11月-81           5000                    10          

SQL> -- 在oracle中时间的表示格式是 DD-MON-RR
SQL> select * from
  2  emp
  3  where hiredate = ‘1981-11-17‘;
where hiredate = ‘1981-11-17‘
                 *
第 3 行出现错误:
ORA-01861: 文字与格式字符串不匹配


SQL> --查询oracle中的一般常亮设置
SQL> select * from v$nls_paramters;
select * from v$nls_paramters
              *
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-00942: 表或视图不存在


SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;

PARAMETER                                                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE                                                                                                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_LANGUAGE                                                                                                           
SIMPLIFIED CHINESE                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                       
NLS_TERRITORY                                                                                                          
CHINA                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                       
NLS_CURRENCY                                                                                                           
¥                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                       

PARAMETER                                                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE                                                                                                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY                                                                                                       
CHINA                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                       
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS                                                                                                 
.,                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                       
NLS_CALENDAR                                                                                                           
GREGORIAN                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                       

PARAMETER                                                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE                                                                                                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_DATE_FORMAT                                                                                                        
DD-MON-RR                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                       
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE                                                                                                      
SIMPLIFIED CHINESE                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                       
NLS_CHARACTERSET                                                                                                       
AL32UTF8                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                       

PARAMETER                                                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE                                                                                                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_SORT                                                                                                               
BINARY                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                       
NLS_TIME_FORMAT                                                                                                        
HH.MI.SSXFF AM                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                       
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT                                                                                                   
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM                                                                                               
                                                                                                                       

PARAMETER                                                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE                                                                                                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT                                                                                                     
HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                       
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT                                                                                                
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR                                                                                           
                                                                                                                       
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY                                                                                                      
¥                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                       

PARAMETER                                                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE                                                                                                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET                                                                                                 
AL16UTF16                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                       
NLS_COMP                                                                                                               
BINARY                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                       
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS                                                                                                   
BYTE                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                       

PARAMETER                                                                                                              
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE                                                                                                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP                                                                                                    
FALSE                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                       

已选择19行。

SQL> set linesize 200;
SQL> /

PARAMETER                                                                                                                                                                                              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
VALUE                                                                                                                                                                                                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
NLS_LANGUAGE                                                                                                                                                                                           
SIMPLIFIED CHINESE                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                       
NLS_TERRITORY                                                                                                                                                                                          
CHINA                                                                                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                                                                                       
NLS_CURRENCY                                                                                                                                                                                           
¥                                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                       

PARAMETER                                                                                                                                                                                              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
VALUE                                                                                                                                                                                                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY                                                                                                                                                                                       
CHINA                                                                                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                                                                                       
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS                                                                                                                                                                                 
.,                                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                       
NLS_CALENDAR                                                                                                                                                                                           
GREGORIAN                                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                                                                       

PARAMETER                                                                                                                                                                                              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
VALUE                                                                                                                                                                                                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
NLS_DATE_FORMAT                                                                                                                                                                                        
DD-MON-RR                                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                                                                       
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE                                                                                                                                                                                      
SIMPLIFIED CHINESE                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                       
NLS_CHARACTERSET                                                                                                                                                                                       
AL32UTF8                                                                                                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                                                                                       

PARAMETER                                                                                                                                                                                              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
VALUE                                                                                                                                                                                                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
NLS_SORT                                                                                                                                                                                               
BINARY                                                                                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                                                                                       
NLS_TIME_FORMAT                                                                                                                                                                                        
HH.MI.SSXFF AM                                                                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                                                                                       
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT                                                                                                                                                                                   
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM                                                                                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                                                                                       

PARAMETER                                                                                                                                                                                              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
VALUE                                                                                                                                                                                                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT                                                                                                                                                                                     
HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                       
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT                                                                                                                                                                                
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR                                                                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                                                                                       
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY                                                                                                                                                                                      
¥                                                                                                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                       

PARAMETER                                                                                                                                                                                              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
VALUE                                                                                                                                                                                                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET                                                                                                                                                                                 
AL16UTF16                                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                                                                       
NLS_COMP                                                                                                                                                                                               
BINARY                                                                                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                                                                                       
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS                                                                                                                                                                                   
BYTE                                                                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                                                                       

PARAMETER                                                                                                                                                                                              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
VALUE                                                                                                                                                                                                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                       
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP                                                                                                                                                                                    
FALSE                                                                                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                                                                                       

已选择19行。

SQL> col parameter for a50;
SQL> /

PARAMETER                                          VALUE                                                                                                                                               
-------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                    
NLS_LANGUAGE                                       SIMPLIFIED CHINESE                                                                                                                                  
NLS_TERRITORY                                      CHINA                                                                                                                                               
NLS_CURRENCY                                       ¥                                                                                                                                                  
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY                                   CHINA                                                                                                                                               
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS                             .,                                                                                                                                                  
NLS_CALENDAR                                       GREGORIAN                                                                                                                                           
NLS_DATE_FORMAT                                    DD-MON-RR                                                                                                                                           
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE                                  SIMPLIFIED CHINESE                                                                                                                                  
NLS_CHARACTERSET                                   AL32UTF8                                                                                                                                            
NLS_SORT                                           BINARY                                                                                                                                              
NLS_TIME_FORMAT                                    HH.MI.SSXFF AM                                                                                                                                      

PARAMETER                                          VALUE                                                                                                                                               
-------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                    
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT                               DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM                                                                                                                            
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT                                 HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR                                                                                                                                  
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT                            DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR                                                                                                                        
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY                                  ¥                                                                                                                                                  
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET                             AL16UTF16                                                                                                                                           
NLS_COMP                                           BINARY                                                                                                                                              
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS                               BYTE                                                                                                                                                
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP                                FALSE                                                                                                                                               

已选择19行。

SQL> alter session set NLS_DATE_FORMAT = ‘yyyy-mm-dd‘;

会话已更改。

SQL> select *enaee
  2  from emp
  3  where hiredate=‘1981-11-17‘;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     1981-11-17       5000                    10                                                                                              

SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where hiredate=‘17-11月-81‘;
where hiredate=‘17-11月-81‘
               *
第 3 行出现错误:
ORA-01861: 文字与格式字符串不匹配


SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;

PARAMETER                                          VALUE                                                                                                                                               
-------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                    
NLS_LANGUAGE                                       SIMPLIFIED CHINESE                                                                                                                                  
NLS_TERRITORY                                      CHINA                                                                                                                                               
NLS_CURRENCY                                       ¥                                                                                                                                                  
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY                                   CHINA                                                                                                                                               
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS                             .,                                                                                                                                                  
NLS_CALENDAR                                       GREGORIAN                                                                                                                                           
NLS_DATE_FORMAT                                    yyyy-mm-dd                                                                                                                                          
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE                                  SIMPLIFIED CHINESE                                                                                                                                  
NLS_CHARACTERSET                                   AL32UTF8                                                                                                                                            
NLS_SORT                                           BINARY                                                                                                                                              
NLS_TIME_FORMAT                                    HH.MI.SSXFF AM                                                                                                                                      

PARAMETER                                          VALUE                                                                                                                                               
-------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                    
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT                               DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM                                                                                                                            
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT                                 HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR                                                                                                                                  
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT                            DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR                                                                                                                        
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY                                  ¥                                                                                                                                                  
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET                             AL16UTF16                                                                                                                                           
NLS_COMP                                           BINARY                                                                                                                                              
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS                               BYTE                                                                                                                                                
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP                                FALSE                                                                                                                                               

已选择19行。

SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where ename=‘KING‘ and job=‘PRESIDENT‘;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     1981-11-17       5000                    10                                                                                              

SQL> --查询工资在2000-5000之间的所有员工
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where sal>2000 and sal < 5000;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7566 JONES                MANAGER                  7839 1981-04-02       2975                    20                                                                                              
      7698 BLAKE                MANAGER                  7839 1981-05-01       2850                    30                                                                                              
      7782 CLARK                MANAGER                  7839 1981-06-09       2450                    10                                                                                              
      7788 SCOTT                ANALYST                  7566 1987-04-19       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7902 FORD                 ANALYST                  7566 1981-12-03       3000                    20                                                                                              

SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where sal between 2000 and 5000;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7566 JONES                MANAGER                  7839 1981-04-02       2975                    20                                                                                              
      7698 BLAKE                MANAGER                  7839 1981-05-01       2850                    30                                                                                              
      7782 CLARK                MANAGER                  7839 1981-06-09       2450                    10                                                                                              
      7788 SCOTT                ANALYST                  7566 1987-04-19       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     1981-11-17       5000                    10                                                                                              
      7902 FORD                 ANALYST                  7566 1981-12-03       3000                    20                                                                                              

已选择6行。

SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where sal between 5000 and 2000;

未选定行

SQL> --between ...and 只能将小的写在前面大的写在后面
SQL> -- in/not in
SQL> --查询20?30号部门的所有员工
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where deptno = 20 or deptno = 30;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7369 SMITH                CLERK                    7902 1980-12-17        800                    20                                                                                              
      7499 ALLEN                SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-20       1600        300         30                                                                                              
      7521 WARD                 SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-22       1250        500         30                                                                                              
      7566 JONES                MANAGER                  7839 1981-04-02       2975                    20                                                                                              
      7654 MARTIN               SALESMAN                 7698 1981-09-28       1250       1400         30                                                                                              
      7698 BLAKE                MANAGER                  7839 1981-05-01       2850                    30                                                                                              
      7788 SCOTT                ANALYST                  7566 1987-04-19       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7844 TURNER               SALESMAN                 7698 1981-09-08       1500          0         30                                                                                              
      7876 ADAMS                CLERK                    7788 1987-05-23       1100                    20                                                                                              
      7900 JAMES                CLERK                    7698 1981-12-03        950                    30                                                                                              
      7902 FORD                 ANALYST                  7566 1981-12-03       3000                    20                                                                                              

已选择11行。

SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where deptno in(20,30);

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7369 SMITH                CLERK                    7902 1980-12-17        800                    20                                                                                              
      7499 ALLEN                SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-20       1600        300         30                                                                                              
      7521 WARD                 SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-22       1250        500         30                                                                                              
      7566 JONES                MANAGER                  7839 1981-04-02       2975                    20                                                                                              
      7654 MARTIN               SALESMAN                 7698 1981-09-28       1250       1400         30                                                                                              
      7698 BLAKE                MANAGER                  7839 1981-05-01       2850                    30                                                                                              
      7788 SCOTT                ANALYST                  7566 1987-04-19       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7844 TURNER               SALESMAN                 7698 1981-09-08       1500          0         30                                                                                              
      7876 ADAMS                CLERK                    7788 1987-05-23       1100                    20                                                                                              
      7900 JAMES                CLERK                    7698 1981-12-03        950                    30                                                                                              
      7902 FORD                 ANALYST                  7566 1981-12-03       3000                    20                                                                                              

已选择11行。

SQL> -- 查询不在20和30号部门里面的所有员工
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where deptno != 20 and deptno != 30;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7782 CLARK                MANAGER                  7839 1981-06-09       2450                    10                                                                                              
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     1981-11-17       5000                    10                                                                                              
      7934 MILLER               CLERK                    7782 1982-01-23       1300                    10                                                                                              

SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where deptno not in(20,30);

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7782 CLARK                MANAGER                  7839 1981-06-09       2450                    10                                                                                              
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     1981-11-17       5000                    10                                                                                              
      7934 MILLER               CLERK                    7782 1982-01-23       1300                    10                                                                                              

SQL> -- 查询奖金为300和为空的所有员工信息
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where comm in(300,null
     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7499 ALLEN                SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-20       1600        300         30                                                                                              

SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where comm not in (300,null);

未选定行

SQL> -- in里面可以跟null,而not in 里面不能跟null
SQL> -- 查询comm为空的所有员工信息
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where comm is null;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7369 SMITH                CLERK                    7902 1980-12-17        800                    20                                                                                              
      7566 JONES                MANAGER                  7839 1981-04-02       2975                    20                                                                                              
      7698 BLAKE                MANAGER                  7839 1981-05-01       2850                    30                                                                                              
      7782 CLARK                MANAGER                  7839 1981-06-09       2450                    10                                                                                              
      7788 SCOTT                ANALYST                  7566 1987-04-19       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     1981-11-17       5000                    10                                                                                              
      7876 ADAMS                CLERK                    7788 1987-05-23       1100                    20                                                                                              
      7900 JAMES                CLERK                    7698 1981-12-03        950                    30                                                                                              
      7902 FORD                 ANALYST                  7566 1981-12-03       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7934 MILLER               CLERK                    7782 1982-01-23       1300                    10                                                                                              

已选择10行。

SQL> -- 模糊查询
SQL> -- 查询员工名字里面包含了O的所有员工信息
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where ename like ‘%O%‘;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7566 JONES                MANAGER                  7839 1981-04-02       2975                    20                                                                                              
      7788 SCOTT                ANALYST                  7566 1987-04-19       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7902 FORD                 ANALYST                  7566 1981-12-03       3000                    20                                                                                              

SQL> -- like 是一个关键字 表示模糊查询,其中的% 代表通配
SQL> -- 查询员工名字里面以K打头的员工信息
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where ename like ‘K%‘;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     1981-11-17       5000                    10                                                                                              

SQL> -- 查询ename的长度为4的所有员工信息
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where ename like ‘____‘;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7521 WARD                 SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-22       1250        500         30                                                                                              
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     1981-11-17       5000                    10                                                                                              
      7902 FORD                 ANALYST                  7566 1981-12-03       3000                    20                                                                                              

SQL> -- 在oracle中_ 代表一个字符
SQL> insert into emp(empno,ename,sal,deptno) values(1001,‘TOM_ab‘,50000,20);

已创建 1 行。

SQL> select * from emp;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7369 SMITH                CLERK                    7902 1980-12-17        800                    20                                                                                              
      7499 ALLEN                SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-20       1600        300         30                                                                                              
      7521 WARD                 SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-22       1250        500         30                                                                                              
      7566 JONES                MANAGER                  7839 1981-04-02       2975                    20                                                                                              
      7654 MARTIN               SALESMAN                 7698 1981-09-28       1250       1400         30                                                                                              
      7698 BLAKE                MANAGER                  7839 1981-05-01       2850                    30                                                                                              
      7782 CLARK                MANAGER                  7839 1981-06-09       2450                    10                                                                                              
      7788 SCOTT                ANALYST                  7566 1987-04-19       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     1981-11-17       5000                    10                                                                                              
      7844 TURNER               SALESMAN                 7698 1981-09-08       1500          0         30                                                                                              
      7876 ADAMS                CLERK                    7788 1987-05-23       1100                    20                                                                                              

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7900 JAMES                CLERK                    7698 1981-12-03        950                    30                                                                                              
      7902 FORD                 ANALYST                  7566 1981-12-03       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7934 MILLER               CLERK                    7782 1982-01-23       1300                    10                                                                                              
      1001 TOM_ab                                                             50000                    20                                                                                              

已选择15行。

SQL> -- 查询ename字段里面包含了_的员工信息
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where ename like ‘%_%‘;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7369 SMITH                CLERK                    7902 1980-12-17        800                    20                                                                                              
      7499 ALLEN                SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-20       1600        300         30                                                                                              
      7521 WARD                 SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-22       1250        500         30                                                                                              
      7566 JONES                MANAGER                  7839 1981-04-02       2975                    20                                                                                              
      7654 MARTIN               SALESMAN                 7698 1981-09-28       1250       1400         30                                                                                              
      7698 BLAKE                MANAGER                  7839 1981-05-01       2850                    30                                                                                              
      7782 CLARK                MANAGER                  7839 1981-06-09       2450                    10                                                                                              
      7788 SCOTT                ANALYST                  7566 1987-04-19       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     1981-11-17       5000                    10                                                                                              
      7844 TURNER               SALESMAN                 7698 1981-09-08       1500          0         30                                                                                              
      7876 ADAMS                CLERK                    7788 1987-05-23       1100                    20                                                                                              

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7900 JAMES                CLERK                    7698 1981-12-03        950                    30                                                                                              
      7902 FORD                 ANALYST                  7566 1981-12-03       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7934 MILLER               CLERK                    7782 1982-01-23       1300                    10                                                                                              
      1001 TOM_ab                                                             50000                    20                                                                                              

已选择15行。

SQL> -- oracle中的转义
SQL> select *
  2  from emp
  3  where ename like ‘%\_%‘ escape ‘\‘;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      1001 TOM_ab                                                             50000                    20                                                                                              

SQL> select * from emp;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7369 SMITH                CLERK                    7902 1980-12-17        800                    20                                                                                              
      7499 ALLEN                SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-20       1600        300         30                                                                                              
      7521 WARD                 SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-22       1250        500         30                                                                                              
      7566 JONES                MANAGER                  7839 1981-04-02       2975                    20                                                                                              
      7654 MARTIN               SALESMAN                 7698 1981-09-28       1250       1400         30                                                                                              
      7698 BLAKE                MANAGER                  7839 1981-05-01       2850                    30                                                                                              
      7782 CLARK                MANAGER                  7839 1981-06-09       2450                    10                                                                                              
      7788 SCOTT                ANALYST                  7566 1987-04-19       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     1981-11-17       5000                    10                                                                                              
      7844 TURNER               SALESMAN                 7698 1981-09-08       1500          0         30                                                                                              
      7876 ADAMS                CLERK                    7788 1987-05-23       1100                    20                                                                                              

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7900 JAMES                CLERK                    7698 1981-12-03        950                    30                                                                                              
      7902 FORD                 ANALYST                  7566 1981-12-03       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7934 MILLER               CLERK                    7782 1982-01-23       1300                    10                                                                                              
      1001 TOM_ab                                                             50000                    20                                                                                              

已选择15行。

SQL> rollback;

回退已完成。

SQL> /

回退已完成。

SQL> select * from emp;

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7369 SMITH                CLERK                    7902 1980-12-17        800                    20                                                                                              
      7499 ALLEN                SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-20       1600        300         30                                                                                              
      7521 WARD                 SALESMAN                 7698 1981-02-22       1250        500         30                                                                                              
      7566 JONES                MANAGER                  7839 1981-04-02       2975                    20                                                                                              
      7654 MARTIN               SALESMAN                 7698 1981-09-28       1250       1400         30                                                                                              
      7698 BLAKE                MANAGER                  7839 1981-05-01       2850                    30                                                                                              
      7782 CLARK                MANAGER                  7839 1981-06-09       2450                    10                                                                                              
      7788 SCOTT                ANALYST                  7566 1987-04-19       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7839 KING                 PRESIDENT                     1981-11-17       5000                    10                                                                                              
      7844 TURNER               SALESMAN                 7698 1981-09-08       1500          0         30                                                                                              
      7876 ADAMS                CLERK                    7788 1987-05-23       1100                    20                                                                                              

     EMPNO ENAME                JOB                       MGR HIREDATE          SAL       COMM     DEPTNO                                                                                              
---------- -------------------- ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------                                                                                              
      7900 JAMES                CLERK                    7698 1981-12-03        950                    30                                                                                              
      7902 FORD                 ANALYST                  7566 1981-12-03       3000                    20                                                                                              
      7934 MILLER               CLERK                    7782 1982-01-23       1300                    10                                                                                              

已选择14行。

SQL> spool off;

过滤和排序·上

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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/877599949yan/p/5284988.html

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