标签：网络属性配置
linux网络属性配置分动态分配和静态指定
动态分配主要依靠DHCP服务器
静态指定需要命令手动分配
静态指定命令三家族
ifcfg家族
iproute2家族
nm家族
ifcfg家族：
ifconfig：接口及地址查看和管理
ifconfig -a 显示所有接口包括inactive
ifconfig interface up|down 开关端口
ifconfig interface address netmask 修改端口ip地址
route：路由查看及管理
route -n 查看主机路由条目以数字形式表示
route add [-net|-host] target [netmask Nm] [gw Gw] [[[dev] If] 添加路由
route del [-net|-host] target [gw Gw] [netmask Nm] [[dev] If] 删除路由
添加删除默认路由
route add default gw 192.168.10.1
route del default
netstat：状态及统计数据查看
netstat -rn 与 route -n 相同：显示路由
netstat [--tcp|-t] [--udp|-u] [--udplite|-U] [--sctp|-S] [--raw|-w] [--listening|-l] [--all|-a] [--numeric|-n] [--extend|-e[--extend|-e]] [--program|-p]
常用组合：
-tan：数字形式显示所有TCPsockets
-uan：数字形式显示所有UDPsockets
-tnl：数字形式显示监听状态TCPsockets
-unl：数字形式显示监听状态UDPsockets
-tunlp：数字形式显示监听状态TCP、UDPsockets的相关进程及PID
netstat -i 显示所有接口统计数据
netstat -Iinterface 显示指定接口统计数据
iproute2家族：
ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
OBJECT := { link | addr | route | netns }
ip link:网络设备配置
ip link set DEVICE { up | down }|multicast { on | off } |name NEWNAME |mtu MTU |netns PID
ip link show DEVICE
ip route:路由表管理
ip route { add | del | show | flush | get }
示例：
# ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via 10.0.0.1 dev eth1 src 10.0.20.100
# ip route add default via GW
# ip route delete 192.168.2.0/24
# ip route get 192.168.3.0/24
ip address:协议地址管理
ip address { add | del } IFADDR dev STRING
ip address { show | flush } [ dev STRING ]
ip netns:进行网络命名空间管理
ip netns list - show all of the named network namespaces
ip netns add NAME - create a new named network namespace
ip [-all] netns delete [ NAME ] - delete the name of a network namespace(s)
ip [-all] netns exec [ NAME ] cmd ... - Run cmd in the named network namespace
ss：状态及统计数据查看
ss [options] [ FILTER ]
options
-t, --tcp Display TCP sockets.
-u, --udp Display UDP sockets.
-w, --raw Display RAW sockets.
-l, --listening Display only listening sockets (these are omitted by default).
-a, --all Display both listening and non-listening (for TCP this means established connections) sockets.
-n, --numeric Do not try to resolve service names.
-e, --extended Show detailed socket information
-m, --memory Show socket memory usage.
-p, --processes Show process using socket.
-o, --options Show timer information.
FILTER := [ state STATE-FILTER ] [ EXPRESSION ]
示例
ss -o state established ‘( dport = :ssh or sport = :ssh )‘
Display all established ssh connections.
nm(Network Manager)家族（CentOS 7）
nmcli：命令行工具
nmcli [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
OBJECT := { general | networking | radio | connection | device | agent }
general - general NetworkManager status and operations
COMMAND := { status | hostname | permissions | logging }
networking - get or set general networking state of NetworkManager
COMMAND := { [ on | off | connectivity ] }
radio - get or set radio switch states
COMMAND := { all | wifi | wwan | wimax }
connection - start, stop, and manage network connections
COMMAND := { show | up | down | add | edit | modify | delete | reload | load }
device - show and manage network interfaces
COMMAND := { status | show | connect | disconnect | delete | wifi | wimax }
修改属性
modify [--temporary] [ id | uuid | path ] <ID> [+|-]<setting>.<property> <value>
nmtui：text window 工具
Text User Interface for controlling NetworkManager
配置文件
IP/NETMASK/GW/DNS等属性的配置文件：/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-IFACE
其可通过vim等文本编辑器直接修改
也可以使用专用的命令的进行修改
CentOS 6：system-config-network (setup)，
CentOS 7: nmtui
路由的相关配置文件：/etc/sysconfig/networkj-scripts/route-IFACE
支持两种配置方式，但不可混用；
(1) 每行一个路由条目：
TARGET via GW
(2) 每三行一个路由条目：
ADDRESS#=TARGET
NETMASK#=MASK
GATEWAY#=NEXTHOP
注：用虚拟机启用第二块儿网卡路由没有添加成功。。。。
本文出自 “liberalism” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://edonkey.blog.51cto.com/887243/1754034
标签：网络属性配置
原文地址：http://edonkey.blog.51cto.com/887243/1754034
