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1、无参数直接get
>>> import requests >>> r = requests.get("http://httpbin.org/get") >>> r.status_code 200 >>> print(r.text) { "args": {}, "headers": { "Accept": "*/*", "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate", "Host": "httpbin.org", "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.9.1" }, "origin": "110.184.65.255", "url": "http://httpbin.org/get" }
同时支持json直接获取json解码后结果
>>> r.json() {‘args‘: {}, ‘origin‘: ‘110.184.65.255‘, ‘url‘: ‘http://httpbin.org/get‘, ‘headers‘: {‘Accept‘: ‘*/*‘, ‘Accept-Encoding‘: ‘gzip, deflate‘, ‘Host‘: ‘httpbin.org‘, ‘User-Agent‘: ‘python-requests/2.9.1‘}}
2、有参数的get，制定params的参数的值。
>>> payload = {‘name‘:‘felix‘,‘password‘:‘12345678‘}
>>> r = requests.get(‘http://httpbin.org/get‘,params=payload)
>>> print(r.url)
http://httpbin.org/get?name=felix&password=12345678
>>> r.status_code
200
>>> print(r.text)
{
"args": {
"name": "felix",
"password": "12345678"
},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "python-requests/2.9.1"
},
"origin": "110.184.65.255",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/get?name=felix&password=12345678"
}
可以用r.url打印生成的url.
3、修改HTTP头内容
>>> headers={‘user-agent‘:"IE9.0"}
>>> r = requests.get("http://httpbin.org/get",headers=headers)
4、POST方法, form格式
>>> payload {‘name‘: ‘felix‘, ‘password‘: ‘12345678‘} >>> r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post",data=payload) >>> r.status_code 200 >>> print(r.text) { "args": {}, "data": "", "files": {}, "form": { "name": "felix", "password": "12345678" }, "headers": { "Accept": "*/*", "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate", "Content-Length": "28", "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Host": "httpbin.org", "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.9.1" }, "json": null, "origin": "110.184.65.255", "url": "http://httpbin.org/post" }
json格式
>>> r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post",json=payload,headers=headers) >>> print(r.text) { "args": {}, "data": "{\"name\": \"felix\", \"password\": \"12345678\"}", "files": {}, "form": {}, "headers": { "Accept": "*/*", "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate", "Content-Length": "41", "Content-Type": "application/json", "Host": "httpbin.org", "User-Agent": "IE9.0" }, "json": { "name": "felix", "password": "12345678" }, "origin": "110.184.65.255", "url": "http://httpbin.org/post" }
字符串格式：
r = requests.post(‘http://httpbin.org/post‘, data=json.dumps(payload))
5、超时
>>> r=requests.get("https://www.baidu.com",timeout=0.1) >>> r=requests.get("https://www.baidu.com",timeout=0.005) Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 137, in _new_conn
In the event of a network problem (e.g. DNS failure, refused connection, etc), Requests will raise aConnectionError exception.
In the rare event of an invalid HTTP response, Requests will raise an HTTPError exception.
If a request times out, a Timeout exception is raised.
If a request exceeds the configured number of maximum redirections, a TooManyRedirects exception is raised.
All exceptions that Requests explicitly raises inherit from requests.exceptions.RequestException.
更多信息详见：http://www.python-requests.org/en/master/user/quickstart/
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/felixr/p/5376307.html
