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Spring的AOP实现原理,酝酿了一些日子,写博客之前信心不是很足,所以重新阅读了一边AOP的实现核心代码,而且又从网上找了一些Spring Aop剖析的例子,但是发现挂羊头买狗肉的太多,标题高大上,内容却大部分都是比较浅显的一些介绍,可能也是由于比较少人阅读这部分的核心代码逻辑把,然后写这部分介绍的人估计也是少之又少,不过说实话,Spring Aop的核心原理实现介绍确实不太好写,里面涉及的类之间的调用还是蛮多的,关系图画的太细的画也很难画,而且最重要的一点就是,如果对AOP的概念以及spring的xml的解析,标签的解析,注解实现,还有java的代理,这些知识没有好好的理解的话也不可能对AOP的实现详细逻辑有一个好的理解。所以的话,建议是把这些前置知识都大概了解了,再来看这个AOP的实现,或者去阅读源代码,那样的话学习 起来会容易的多。
学习源代码的过程比较枯燥,尤其是spring比较严谨,调用层次比较多,没有画时序图的话可能真的被绕晕,所以建议学的时候还是画画时序图,然后跟着debug模式流程走一遍。
首先我们来热热身吧,先看看AOP的简介,待会再进入主题,
切面(Aspect) :官方的抽象定义为“一个关注点的模块化,这个关注点可能会横切多个对象”。
连接点(Joinpoint) :程序执行过程中的某一行为。
通知(Advice) :“切面”对于某个“连接点”所产生的动作。
切入点(Pointcut) :匹配连接点的断言,在AOP中通知和一个切入点表达式关联。
目标对象(Target Object) :被一个或者多个切面所通知的对象。
AOP代理(AOP Proxy) 在Spring AOP中有两种代理方式,JDK动态代理和CGLIB代理。
通知(Advice)类型
前置通知(Before advice) :在某连接点(JoinPoint)之前执行的通知,但这个通知不能阻止连接点前的执行。ApplicationContext中在<aop:aspect>里面使用<aop:before>元素进行声明。
后通知(After advice) :当某连接点退出的时候执行的通知(不论是正常返回还是异常退出)。ApplicationContext中在<aop:aspect>里面使用<aop:after>元素进行声明。
返回后通知(After return advice) :在某连接点正常完成后执行的通知,不包括抛出异常的情况。ApplicationContext中在<aop:aspect>里面使用<after-returning>元素进行声明。
环绕通知(Around advice) :包围一个连接点的通知,类似Web中Servlet规范中的Filter的doFilter方法。可以在方法的调用前后完成自定义的行为,也可以选择不执行。ApplicationContext中在<aop:aspect>里面使用<aop:around>元素进行声明。
抛出异常后通知(After throwing advice) : 在方法抛出异常退出时执行的通知。 ApplicationContext中在<aop:aspect>里面使用<aop:after-throwing>元素进行声明。
切入点表达式 :如execution(* com.spring.service.*.*(..))
1、降低模块之间的耦合度
2、使系统容易扩展
3、更好的代码复用。
由于在之前的博客,已经介绍过spring源码剖析(五)利用AOP实现自定义Spring注解 里面有介绍到AOP 的简单使用,相信大家要看这个AOP的原理的也对AOP的使用比较熟悉了,所以在这里也不再重复展示了。
我之前的博客中有说到,如何自定义Spring标签的,以及自定义Spring标签的大概解析流程,其实这里的AOP的标签的定义也和之前的逻辑类似,先上时序图把:
1)AOP标签的定义解析刘彻骨肯定是从NamespaceHandlerSupport的实现类开始解析的,这个实现类就是AopNamespaceHandler。至于为什么会是从NamespaceHandlerSupport的实现类开始解析的,这个的话我想读者可以去在回去看看Spring自定义标签的解析流程,里面说的比较详细。
2)要启用AOP,我们一般会在Spring里面配置<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/> ,所以在配置文件中在遇到aspectj-autoproxy标签的时候我们会采用AspectJAutoProxyBeanDefinitionParser解析器
3)进入AspectJAutoProxyBeanDefinitionParser解析器后,调用AspectJAutoProxyBeanDefinitionParser已覆盖BeanDefinitionParser的parser方法,然后parser方法把请求转交给了AopNamespaceUtils的registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary去处理
4)进入AopNamespaceUtils的registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary方法后,先调用AopConfigUtils的registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary方法,里面在转发调用给registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired,注册或者升级AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator类。对于AOP的实现,基本是靠AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator去完成的,它可以根据@point注解定义的切点来代理相匹配的bean。
5)AopConfigUtils的registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary方法处理完成之后,接下来会调用useClassProxyingIfNecessary() 处理proxy-target-class以及expose-proxy属性。如果将proxy-target-class设置为true的话,那么会强制使用CGLIB代理,否则使用jdk动态代理,expose-proxy属性是为了解决有时候目标对象内部的自我调用无法实现切面增强。
6)最后的调用registerComponentIfNecessary 方法,注册组建并且通知便于监听器做进一步处理。
上面说到AOP的核心逻辑是在AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator类里面实现,那么我们先来看看这个类的层次关系
我们可以看到这个类实现了BeanPostProcessor接口,那就意味着这个类在spring加载实例化前会调用postProcessAfterInitialization方法,对于AOP的逻辑也是由此开始的。
1)spring 容器启动,每个bean的实例化之前都会先经过AbstractAutoProxyCreator类的postProcessAfterInitialization()这个方法,然后接下来是调用wrapIfNecessary方法。
/** * Create a proxy with the configured interceptors if the bean is * identified as one to proxy by the subclass. * @see #getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean */ public Object <strong>postProcessAfterInitialization</strong>(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException { if (bean != null) { Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName); if (!this.earlyProxyReferences.containsKey(cacheKey)) { return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey); } } return bean; }
2)进入wrapIfNecessary方法后,我们直接看重点实现逻辑的方法getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean,这个方法会提取当前bean 的所有增强方法,然后获取到适合的当前bean 的增强方法,然后对增强方法进行排序,最后返回。
/** * Wrap the given bean if necessary, i.e. if it is eligible for being proxied. * @param bean the raw bean instance * @param beanName the name of the bean * @param cacheKey the cache key for metadata access * @return a proxy wrapping the bean, or the raw bean instance as-is */ protected Object wrapIfNecessary(Object bean, String beanName, Object cacheKey) { if (beanName != null && this.targetSourcedBeans.containsKey(beanName)) { return bean; } if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(this.advisedBeans.get(cacheKey))) { return bean; } if (isInfrastructureClass(bean.getClass()) || shouldSkip(bean.getClass(), beanName)) { this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE); return bean; } // Create proxy if we have advice. Object[] specificInterceptors = <strong>getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean</strong>(bean.getClass(), beanName, null); if (specificInterceptors != DO_NOT_PROXY) { this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.TRUE); Object proxy = createProxy(bean.getClass(), beanName, specificInterceptors, new SingletonTargetSource(bean)); this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass()); return proxy; } this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE); return bean; }3)获取到当前bean的增强方法后,便调用createProxy方法,创建代理。先创建代理工厂proxyFactory,然后获取当前bean 的增强器advisors,把当前获取到的增强器添加到代理工厂proxyFactory,然后设置当前的代理工的代理目标对象为当前bean,最后根据配置创建JDK的动态代理工厂,或者CGLIB的动态代理工厂,然后返回proxyFactory
/** * Create an AOP proxy for the given bean. * @param beanClass the class of the bean * @param beanName the name of the bean * @param specificInterceptors the set of interceptors that is * specific to this bean (may be empty, but not null) * @param targetSource the TargetSource for the proxy, * already pre-configured to access the bean * @return the AOP proxy for the bean * @see #buildAdvisors */ protected Object createProxy( Class<?> beanClass, String beanName, Object[] specificInterceptors, TargetSource targetSource) { ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory(); // Copy our properties (proxyTargetClass etc) inherited from ProxyConfig. proxyFactory.copyFrom(this); if (!shouldProxyTargetClass(beanClass, beanName)) { // Must allow for introductions; can't just set interfaces to // the target's interfaces only. Class<?>[] targetInterfaces = ClassUtils.getAllInterfacesForClass(beanClass, this.proxyClassLoader); for (Class<?> targetInterface : targetInterfaces) { proxyFactory.addInterface(targetInterface); } } Advisor[] advisors = buildAdvisors(beanName, specificInterceptors); for (Advisor advisor : advisors) { proxyFactory.addAdvisor(advisor); } proxyFactory.<strong>setTargetSource</strong>(targetSource); customizeProxyFactory(proxyFactory); proxyFactory.setFrozen(this.freezeProxy); if (advisorsPreFiltered()) { proxyFactory.setPreFiltered(true); } return proxyFactory.getProxy(this.proxyClassLoader); }
public AopProxy createAopProxy(AdvisedSupport config) throws AopConfigException { if (config.isOptimize() || config.isProxyTargetClass() || hasNoUserSuppliedProxyInterfaces(config)) { Class targetClass = config.getTargetClass(); if (targetClass == null) { throw new AopConfigException("TargetSource cannot determine target class: " + "Either an interface or a target is required for proxy creation."); } if (targetClass.isInterface()) { return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config); } return CglibProxyFactory.createCglibProxy(config); } else { return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config); } }
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throwsThrowable { MethodInvocation invocation = null; Object oldProxy = null; boolean setProxyContext = false; TargetSource targetSource = this.advised.targetSource; Class targetClass = null; Object target = null; try { //eqauls()方法,具目标对象未实现此方法 if (!this.equalsDefined && AopUtils.isEqualsMethod(method)){ return (equals(args[0])? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE); } //hashCode()方法,具目标对象未实现此方法 if (!this.hashCodeDefined && AopUtils.isHashCodeMethod(method)){ return newInteger(hashCode()); } //Advised接口或者其父接口中定义的方法,直接反射调用,不应用通知 if (!this.advised.opaque &&method.getDeclaringClass().isInterface() &&method.getDeclaringClass().isAssignableFrom(Advised.class)) { // Service invocations onProxyConfig with the proxy config... return AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(this.advised,method, args); } Object retVal = null; if (this.advised.exposeProxy) { // Make invocation available ifnecessary. oldProxy = AopContext.setCurrentProxy(proxy); setProxyContext = true; } //获得目标对象的类 target = targetSource.getTarget(); if (target != null) { targetClass = target.getClass(); } //获取可以应用到此方法上的Interceptor列表 List chain = this.advised.getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(method,targetClass); //如果没有可以应用到此方法的通知(Interceptor),此直接反射调用 method.invoke(target, args) if (chain.isEmpty()) { retVal = AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(target,method, args); } else { //创建MethodInvocation invocation = newReflectiveMethodInvocation(proxy, target, method, args, targetClass, chain); retVal = invocation.proceed(); } // Massage return value if necessary. if (retVal != null && retVal == target &&method.getReturnType().isInstance(proxy) &&!RawTargetAccess.class.isAssignableFrom(method.getDeclaringClass())) { // Special case: it returned"this" and the return type of the method // is type-compatible. Notethat we can't help if the target sets // a reference to itself inanother returned object. retVal = proxy; } return retVal; } finally { if (target != null && !targetSource.isStatic()) { // Must have come fromTargetSource. targetSource.releaseTarget(target); } if (setProxyContext) { // Restore old proxy. AopContext.setCurrentProxy(oldProxy); } } }
public List<Object> getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(Method method, Class targetClass) { MethodCacheKeycacheKey = new MethodCacheKey(method); List<Object>cached = this.methodCache.get(cacheKey); if(cached == null) { cached= this.advisorChainFactory.getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice( this,method, targetClass); this.methodCache.put(cacheKey,cached); } returncached; }4)其实实际的获取工作其实是由AdvisorChainFactory. getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice()这个方法来完成的,获取到的结果会被缓存,下面来分析下这个方法的实现:
/** * 从提供的配置实例config中获取advisor列表,遍历处理这些advisor.如果是IntroductionAdvisor, * 则判断此Advisor能否应用到目标类targetClass上.如果是PointcutAdvisor,则判断 * 此Advisor能否应用到目标方法method上.将满足条件的Advisor通过AdvisorAdaptor转化成Interceptor列表返回. */ publicList getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(Advised config, Methodmethod, Class targetClass) { // This is somewhat tricky... we have to process introductions first, // but we need to preserve order in the ultimate list. List interceptorList = new ArrayList(config.getAdvisors().length); //查看是否包含IntroductionAdvisor boolean hasIntroductions = hasMatchingIntroductions(config,targetClass); //这里实际上注册一系列AdvisorAdapter,用于将Advisor转化成MethodInterceptor AdvisorAdapterRegistry registry = GlobalAdvisorAdapterRegistry.getInstance(); Advisor[] advisors = config.getAdvisors(); for (int i = 0; i <advisors.length; i++) { Advisor advisor = advisors[i]; if (advisor instanceof PointcutAdvisor) { // Add it conditionally. PointcutAdvisor pointcutAdvisor= (PointcutAdvisor) advisor; if(config.isPreFiltered() ||pointcutAdvisor.getPointcut().getClassFilter().matches(targetClass)) { //TODO: 这个地方这两个方法的位置可以互换下 //将Advisor转化成Interceptor MethodInterceptor[]interceptors = registry.getInterceptors(advisor); //检查当前advisor的pointcut是否可以匹配当前方法 MethodMatcher mm =pointcutAdvisor.getPointcut().getMethodMatcher(); if (MethodMatchers.matches(mm,method, targetClass, hasIntroductions)) { if(mm.isRuntime()) { // Creating a newobject instance in the getInterceptors() method // isn't a problemas we normally cache created chains. for (intj = 0; j < interceptors.length; j++) { interceptorList.add(new InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher(interceptors[j],mm)); } } else { interceptorList.addAll(Arrays.asList(interceptors)); } } } } else if (advisor instanceof IntroductionAdvisor){ IntroductionAdvisor ia =(IntroductionAdvisor) advisor; if(config.isPreFiltered() || ia.getClassFilter().matches(targetClass)) { Interceptor[] interceptors= registry.getInterceptors(advisor); interceptorList.addAll(Arrays.asList(interceptors)); } } else { Interceptor[] interceptors =registry.getInterceptors(advisor); interceptorList.addAll(Arrays.asList(interceptors)); } } return interceptorList; }5)这个方法执行完成后,Advised中配置能够应用到连接点或者目标类的Advisor全部被转化成了MethodInterceptor.
public Object proceed() throws Throwable { // We start with an index of -1and increment early. if (this.currentInterceptorIndex == this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.size()- 1) { //如果Interceptor执行完了,则执行joinPoint return invokeJoinpoint(); } Object interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice = this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.get(++this.currentInterceptorIndex); //如果要动态匹配joinPoint if (interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice instanceof InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher){ // Evaluate dynamic method matcher here: static part will already have // been evaluated and found to match. InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher dm = (InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher)interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice; //动态匹配:运行时参数是否满足匹配条件 if (dm.methodMatcher.matches(this.method, this.targetClass,this.arguments)) { //执行当前Intercetpor returndm.interceptor.invoke(this); } else { //动态匹配失败时,略过当前Intercetpor,调用下一个Interceptor return proceed(); } } else { // It's an interceptor, so we just invoke it: The pointcutwill have // been evaluated statically before this object was constructed. //执行当前Intercetpor return ((MethodInterceptor) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice).invoke(this); } }
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原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/fighterandknight/article/details/51209822