Ubuntu15.10邂逅linux0.11

编译环境

• Ubuntu 15.10
• gcc 5.2.1

问题集锦

1.

as86 -0 -a -o boot/bootsect.o boot/bootsect.s
make: as86：命令未找到
Makefile:92: recipe for target ‘boot/bootsect’ failed
make: * [boot/bootsect] Error 127

#解决:下载bin86包
sudo aptitude install bin86

2.

gas -c -o boot/head.o boot/head.s
make: gas：命令未找到
Makefile:34: recipe for target ‘boot/head.o’ failed
make: * [boot/head.o] Error 127

#解决:把所有Makefile的gas改为as --32,执行下面命令后忽略输出信息就行了。还有个gar,这里一起修改了
find -name "Makefile" | xargs -ti sed -i ‘s/gas/as --32/g‘  {} \;
find -name "Makefile" | xargs -ti sed -i ‘s/gar/ar/g‘  {} \;

3.

as –32 -c -o boot/head.o boot/head.s
boot/head.s: Assembler messages:
boot/head.s:231: Error: alignment not a power of 2
Makefile:34: recipe for target ‘boot/head.o’ failed
make: * [boot/head.o] Error 1

#解决:对齐要是2的倍数，就是align 4,8,16,等等
#把.align 2改为.align 4
#把.align 3改为.align 8
sed -i ‘s/align 2/align 4/g‘ boot/head.s; sed -i ‘s/align 3/align 8/g‘ boot/head.s

4.

as –32 -c -o boot/head.o boot/head.s
gcc -Wall -O -g -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -fcombine-regs \
-nostdinc -Iinclude -c -o init/main.o init/main.c
gcc: error: unrecognized command line option ‘-fcombine-regs’
Makefile:36: recipe for target ‘init/main.o’ failed
make: * [init/main.o] Error 1

#同理
find -name "Makefile" | xargs -ti sed -i ‘s/-fcombine-regs//g‘  {} \;

5.

In file included from init/main.c:8:0:
init/main.c:23:29: error: static declaration of ‘fork’ follows non-static declaration
static inline _syscall0(int,fork)

#把static去掉
 sed -i ‘s/static inline/inline/g‘ init/main.c

6.

init/main.c: Assembler messages:
init/main.c:138: Error: invalid instruction suffix for push‘
init/main.c:139: Error: invalid instruction suffix forpush’
init/main.c:140: Error: invalid instruction suffix for pushf‘
init/main.c:141: Error: invalid instruction suffix forpush’
init/main.c:142: Error: invalid instruction suffix for `push’

#使用了gcc64位编译了，应该用32位，加上-m32这个选项就行了
#注意要使用-m32这个选项还需要安装一些相关的库，具体的我忘记了
find -name "Makefile" | xargs -ti sed -i ‘s/gcc/gcc -m32 /g‘  {} \;

7

../include/string.h: In function ‘strcpy’:
../include/string.h:29:1: error: ‘asm’ operand has impossible constraints
asm(“cld\n”
^
Makefile:24: recipe for target ‘traps.o’ failed
make[1]: * [traps.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory ‘/opt/linux-gdb/linux/kernel’
Makefile:76: recipe for target ‘kernel/kernel.o’ failed
make: * [kernel/kernel.o] Error 2

##不需要制定哪些寄存器会改变了，所以把__asm__("":::***),这里的***寄存器删掉把。
##一般直接复制下面的执行就行了
##精髓。。哈哈
sed -i ‘s/\(:*.*:*\):.*);$/\1);/g‘ include/string.h
sed -i ‘s/:"dx")/)/g‘ include/linux/sched.h
sed -i ‘55s/\(:*.*:*\):.*)$/\1)/g‘ mm/memory.c
sed -i ‘81s/\(:*.*:*\):.*);$/\1);/g‘ mm/memory.c
sed -i ‘288s/\(:*.*:*\):.*)$/\1)/g‘ fs/buffer.c
sed -i ‘76s/\(:*.*:*\):.*);$/\1);/g‘ mm/memory.c
sed -i ‘17s/\(:*.*:*\):.*)$/\1)/g‘ fs/bitmap.c
sed -i ‘44s/\(:*.*:*\):.*);/\1);/g‘ fs/bitmap.c 
sed -i ‘158s/\(:*.*:*\):.*)/\1)/g‘ kernel/blk_drv/floppy.c
sed -i ‘62s/\(:*.*:*\):.*)/\1)/g‘ kernel/blk_drv/hd.c 
sed -i ‘65s/\(:*.*:*\):.*)/\1)/g‘ kernel/blk_drv/hd.c 
sed -i ‘12s/\(:*.*:*\):.*);/\1);/g‘ include/asm/memory.h 
sed -i ‘s/\(:*.*:*\):.*);$/\1);/g‘ kernel/chr_drv/console.c

8.

gld -r -o kernel.o sched.o system_call.o traps.o asm.o fork.o panic.o printk.o vsprintf.o sys.o exit.o signal.o mktime.o
make[1]: gld：命令未找到
Makefile:32: recipe for target ‘kernel.o’ failed
make[1]: * [kernel.o] Error 127
make[1]: Leaving directory ‘/opt/linux-gdb/linux/kernel’
Makefile:76: recipe for target ‘kernel/kernel.o’ failed
make: * [kernel/kernel.o] Error 2

find -name "Makefile" | xargs -ti sed -i ‘s/gld/ld -melf_i386/g‘  {} \;

9.

/opt/linux-gdb/linux/kernel/../include/string.h:396: `memset’被多次定义
traps.o:/opt/linux-gdb/linux/kernel/../include/string.h:396：第一次在此定义
Makefile:32: recipe for target ‘kernel.o’ failed
make[1]: * [kernel.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory ‘/opt/linux-gdb/linux/kernel’
Makefile:76: recipe for target ‘kernel/kernel.o’ failed
make: * [kernel/kernel.o] Error 2

#把extern inline 改为static extern
find -name "*.h" | xargs -ti sed -i ‘s/extern inline/static inline/g‘  {} \;

10.

gcc -m32 -Wall -O g -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -nostdinc -I../include \
-c -o open.o open.c
gcc: error: g: 没有那个文件或目录
Makefile:13: recipe for target ‘open.o’ failed
make[1]: * [open.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory ‘/opt/linux-gdb/linux/fs’
Makefile:82: recipe for target ‘fs/fs.o’ failed
make: * [fs/fs.o] Error 2

#-O g改为-O -g
find -name "Makefile" | xargs -ti sed -i ‘s/-O g/-O -g/g‘  {} \;

11

exec.c: In function ‘copy_strings’:
exec.c:145:44: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
!(pag = (char *) page[p/PAGE_SIZE] =
^
exec.c: In function ‘do_execve’:
exec.c:245:3: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value [-Wparentheses]
if (cp = strchr(buf, ‘\n’)) {
^
Makefile:13: recipe for target ‘exec.o’ failed
make[1]: * [exec.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory ‘/opt/linux-gdb/linux/fs’
Makefile:82: recipe for target ‘fs/fs.o’ failed
make: * [fs/fs.o] Error 2

#替换成下面这一行
if (!(pag = (char *) page[p/PAGE_SIZE]) && !(pag = (char *) (page[p/PAGE_SIZE] = (unsigned long *) get_free_page())))  

11.

gcc -m32 -E -nostdinc -I../../include -traditional keyboard.S -o keyboard.s
as –32 -c -o keyboard.o keyboard.s
keyboard.S: Assembler messages:
keyboard.S:47: Error: %al‘ not allowed withxorl’
keyboard.S:53: Warning: indirect call without `*’
Makefile:22: recipe for target ‘keyboard.o’ failed
make[1]: * [keyboard.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory ‘/opt/linux-gdb/linux/kernel/chr_drv’
Makefile:73: recipe for target ‘kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a’ failed
make: * [kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a] Error 2

sed -i ‘s/xorl/xor/g‘ kernel/chr_drv/keyboard.S

12.

alloc.c:133:3: warning: function with qualified void return type called
panic(“malloc: bad arg”);
^
malloc.c:156:46: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
bdesc->page = bdesc->freeptr = (void *) cp = get_free_page();
^

#改为这个
bdesc->page = bdesc->freeptr = (void *) (cp = (char*)get_free_page());

13.

(.init.text+0xca7)：对‘__stack_chk_fail’未定义的引用
init/built-in.o: In function do_header‘:
initramfs.c.init.text+0x4343)：对‘__stack_chk_fail’未定义的引用
arch/i386/kernel/built-in.o.text+0x54c6): more undefined references to__stack_chk_fail’ follow
make[1]: * [.tmp_vmlinux1] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.17.10’
make: * [debian/stamp-build-kernel] 错误 2

#在每一个Makefile里找到CFLAGS然后添加-fno-stack-protector标志！！！ 
find -name "Makefile" | xargs -ti sed ‘s/-Wall/-Wall -fno-stack-protector/g‘ {} \;

13.

ld: warning: cannot find entry symbol _start; defaulting to 0000000000000000
kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a(console.o)：在函数‘con_write’中：
/opt/linux-gdb/linux/kernel/chr_drv/console.c:461：对‘attr’未定义的引用
Makefile:59: recipe for target ‘tools/system’ failed
make: * [tools/system] Error 1

#把attr改为￥0x07

14.

/tmp/ccQ4qmOC.o：在函数‘main’中：
/opt/linux-gdb/linux/tools/build.c:72：对‘MAJOR’未定义的引用
/opt/linux-gdb/linux/tools/build.c:73：对‘MINOR’未定义的引用
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Makefile:52: recipe for target ‘tools/build’ failed
make: * [tools/build] Error 1

##用下面这两行替换"#include <linux/fs.h>"
#define MAJOR(a) (((unsigned)(a))>>8)
#define MINOR(a) ((a)&0xff)

16.

tools/build boot/bootsect boot/setup system.tmp /dev/fd1 > Image
/dev/fd1: No such file or directory
Couldn’t stat root device.
Makefile:42: recipe for target ‘Image’ failed
make: * [Image] Error 1

##检查根设备是否存在
##这里我把赵炯老师的rootimage-0.11==>/dev/fd1
sudo dd if=rootimage-0.11 of=/dev/fd1

17.

Boot sector 512 bytes.
Setup is 312 bytes.
Non-Gcc header of ‘system’
make: * [Image] Error 1

解决办法：

将第一层主 Makefile 文件中的
LDFLAGS =-s -x -M 
修改为 
LDFLAGS =-m elf_i386 -Ttext 0 
Image: boot/bootsect boot/setup tools/system tools/build
tools/build boot/bootsect boot/setup tools/system $(ROOT_DEV) > Image
sync
修改为
Image: boot/bootsect boot/setup tools/system tools/build
objcopy -O binary -R .note -R .comment tools/system tools/kernel
tools/build boot/bootsect boot/setup tools/kernel $(ROOT_DEV) > Image
rm tools/kernel -f
sync
将 tools/build.c 文件中的
    if (((long *) buf)[5] != 0)
          die("Non-GCC header of ‘system‘");
  这段代码注释掉
  //if (((long *) buf)[5] != 0)
  //  die("Non-GCC header of ‘system‘");