yum 安装 : yum install mysql-server
编译安装 5.0-5.1
二进制免编译安装
cmake方式编译 5.5-5.6
1.3 安装相关包
1.3.1 cmake软件
cd /home/oldboy/tools/
tar xf cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.8
./configure
#CMake has bootstrapped. Now run gmake.
gmake
gmake install
cd ../
1.3.2 依赖包
yum install ncurses-devel -y
1.4 开始安装mysql
1.4.1 创建用户和组
groupadd mysql
useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql
1.4.2 解压编译MySQL
tar zxf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.32
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/data \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0
#-- Build files have been written to: /home/oldboy/tools/mysql-5.5.32
提示，编译时可配置的选项很多，具体可参考结尾附录或官方文档：
make
#[100%] Built target my_safe_process
make install
ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql
如果上述操作未出现错误，则MySQL5.5.32软件cmake方式的安装就算成功了。
初始化
cp support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
echo ‘export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH‘ >> /etc/profile
. /etc/profile
chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/data/
chmod -R 1777 /tmp/
cd /application/mysql/scripts/
./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
netstat -lntup | grep 3306
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24072/mysqld
/application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password‘
mysql多实例
就是一个服务器开启多个不同的服务端口,运行多个进程。共用一套安装程序，可以是一个相同的配置文件，启动程序，数据文件。在逻辑上是独立的。利用剩余的资源。节约服务器资源，资源互相抢占问题。
应用场景
资源紧张型公司 并发访问不是特别大 门户网站应用
多配置文件部署方案 单一配置文件部署方案（mysql_multi）
/data
├── 3306 //实例目录
│ └── data //数据文件
└── 3307 //实例目录
└── data //数据文件
// 上传上去
/data
├── 3306
│ ├── data
│ └── my.cnf
└── 3307
├── data
└── my.cnf
pkill mysqld
多实例启动文件的启动MySQL服务实质：
mysql_safe --default-file=/data/3306/my.cnf 2&1 > /dev/null &
mysql_safe --default-file=/data/3307/my.cnf 2&1 > /dev/null &
停止 平滑关闭
mysqladmin -u root -p123456 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown
mysqladmin -u root -p123456 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock shutdown
/data
├── 3306
│ ├── data
│ ├── my.cnf
│ └── mysql
└── 3307
├── data
├── my.cnf
└── mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /data
find /data/ -type f -name "mysql" | xargs chmod +x
初始化mysql数据库文件：创建基础的数据库文件
cd /application/mysql/scripts/
./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/data --user=mysql
./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data --user=mysql
启动
/data/3306/mysql start
/data/3307/mysql start
netstat -lntup | grep 330
tail -l /data/3306/mysql_oldboy3306.err
cd /data/3307
vim mysql //启动文件
mysql_user="root"
mysql_pwd="123456"
mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock //进入mysql
mysql> system mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock // 在mysql里面切换
mysqladmin -u root -S /data/3306/mysql.sock password ‘123123‘
mysqladmin -u root -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -p‘123123‘ password ‘123456‘
find /data/ -type f -name "mysql" -exec chmod 700 {} \;
find /data/ -type f -name "mysql" -exec chown root.root {} \;
pkill mysqld
/data/3306/mysql start
/data/3307/mysql start
ps -ef | grep mysql
root 6780 1 0 05:05 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf
root 6824 1 0 05:05 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf
mysql 8186 6780 0 05:05 pts/0 00:00:00 /application/mysql-5.5.32/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/data --plugin-dir=/application/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/3306/mysql_oldboy3306.err --open-files-limit=1024 --pid-file=/data/3306/mysqld.pid --socket=/data/3306/mysql.sock --port=3306
mysql 8203 6824 0 05:05 pts/0 00:00:00 /application/mysql-5.5.32/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data --plugin-dir=/application/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/3307/mysql_oldboy3307.err --open-files-limit=1024 --pid-file=/data/3307/mysqld.pid --socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock --port=3307
增加3308
mkdir /data/3308/data/ -p
cp /data/3306/my.cnf /data/3308/
cp /data/3306/mysql /data/3308/
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/3308/
cd /data/3308/
vim my.cnf
server-id = 4
:%s/3306/3308/g
vim mysql
cd /application/mysql/scripts/
[root@localhost scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3308/data/
Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password‘
/application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password ‘new-password‘
Alternatively you can run:
/application/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /application/mysql ; /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /application/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems with the /application/mysql/scripts/mysqlbug script!
/data/3308/mysql start
mysqladmin -u root -S /data/3308/mysql.sock password ‘123456‘
本文出自 “何全” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://hequan.blog.51cto.com/5701886/1771596
原文地址：http://hequan.blog.51cto.com/5701886/1771596
