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前段时间研究了不少android二次开发,其中有一种方法就是通过aidl通信,留接口提供给外面二次开发。从这里也可以看出:aidl通信是两个应用程序之间的进程通信了。在这篇博客中,主要写了两个应用程序,一个是serverdemo,可以称为服务端,也是提供接口的应用程序,在这里面我写了一个加法计算。二是客户端:clientdemo,在这个程序中调用了加法计算接口,把值传到serverdemo进行加法计算,返回结果,进行显示。
aidl是 Android Interface
definition language的缩写,它是一种android内部进程通信接口的描述语言,通过它我们可以定义进程间的通信接口;icp:interprocess communication :内部进程通信。
从上面图中看以大概看出,服务端布局什么都没有,不过这里面有加法计算的服务。而客户端有两个输入框输入两个值,点击计算。
保存你的aidl文件,这个只要是在eclipse中开发,你的adt插件会像资源文件一样把aidl文件编译成java代码生成在gen文件夹下,不用手动去编译:编译生成AIDLService.java如我例子中代码。
IBoardADDInterface.aidl
package com.example.server; import android.os.Bundle; /*** * System private API for talking with the caculate service. * * {@hide} */ interface IBoardADDInterface { int add(int nValue1,int nValue2); }自动把aidl文件编译成java代码生成在gen文件夹下IBoardADDInterface的接口代码
/* * This file is auto-generated. DO NOT MODIFY. * Original file: C:\\Users\\southgnssliyc\\Desktop\\android aidl\\ServerDemo\\src\\com\\example\\server\\IBoardADDInterface.aidl */ package com.example.server; /*** * System private API for talking with the caculate service. * * {@hide} */ public interface IBoardADDInterface extends android.os.IInterface { /** Local-side IPC implementation stub class. */ public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements com.example.server.IBoardADDInterface { private static final java.lang.String DESCRIPTOR = "com.example.server.IBoardADDInterface"; /** Construct the stub at attach it to the interface. */ public Stub() { this.attachInterface(this, DESCRIPTOR); } /** * Cast an IBinder object into an com.example.server.IBoardADDInterface interface, * generating a proxy if needed. */ public static com.example.server.IBoardADDInterface asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj) { if ((obj==null)) { return null; } android.os.IInterface iin = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR); if (((iin!=null)&&(iin instanceof com.example.server.IBoardADDInterface))) { return ((com.example.server.IBoardADDInterface)iin); } return new com.example.server.IBoardADDInterface.Stub.Proxy(obj); } @Override public android.os.IBinder asBinder() { return this; } @Override public boolean onTransact(int code, android.os.Parcel data, android.os.Parcel reply, int flags) throws android.os.RemoteException { switch (code) { case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION: { reply.writeString(DESCRIPTOR); return true; } case TRANSACTION_add: { data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR); int _arg0; _arg0 = data.readInt(); int _arg1; _arg1 = data.readInt(); int _result = this.add(_arg0, _arg1); reply.writeNoException(); reply.writeInt(_result); return true; } } return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags); } private static class Proxy implements com.example.server.IBoardADDInterface { private android.os.IBinder mRemote; Proxy(android.os.IBinder remote) { mRemote = remote; } @Override public android.os.IBinder asBinder() { return mRemote; } public java.lang.String getInterfaceDescriptor() { return DESCRIPTOR; } @Override public int add(int nValue1, int nValue2) throws android.os.RemoteException { android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain(); int _result; try { _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR); _data.writeInt(nValue1); _data.writeInt(nValue2); mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_add, _data, _reply, 0); _reply.readException(); _result = _reply.readInt(); } finally { _reply.recycle(); _data.recycle(); } return _result; } } static final int TRANSACTION_add = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0); } public int add(int nValue1, int nValue2) throws android.os.RemoteException; }这代码一看就是自动生成的。
package com.example.server; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; import android.util.Log; /** * 服务端的计算加法实现类 * @author mmsx * */ public class CaculateAddService extends Service { //加法计算的服务 final String CACULATE_ADD = "COM.CACULATE.ADD"; //找到自定义服务 @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { if(intent.getAction().equals(CACULATE_ADD)) { return mIBinder_CACULATE_ADD; } return null; } @Override public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) { return super.onUnbind(intent); } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); } @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); } //aidl的接口实现 private final IBinder mIBinder_CACULATE_ADD = new IBoardADDInterface.Stub() { @Override public int add(int nValue1, int nValue2) throws RemoteException { Log.i("Show", String.valueOf(nValue1) + ",,," +String.valueOf(nValue2)); return nValue1 + nValue2; } }; }
既然你写了一个service,那么就要在AndroidManifest.xml中添加注册
<service android:name="com.example.server.CaculateAddService" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="COM.CACULATE.ADD" > </action> </intent-filter> </service>这个名称是自定义的:COM.CACULATE.ADD。service的路径com.example.server.CaculateAddService。
到这里就写完了这个服务端的应用程序,是不是很简单。activity都没写什么,因为只是用到里面的一个service和aidl。
package com.example.server; import android.os.Bundle; /*** * System private API for talking with the caculate service. * * {@hide} */ interface IBoardADDInterface { int add(int nValue1,int nValue2); }自动编译生成的代码就不贴了。
package com.example.clientdemo; import com.example.server.IBoardADDInterface; import android.content.ComponentName; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.ServiceConnection; import android.os.IBinder; /** * 客户端的服务计算管理类 * @author mmsx * */ public class CaculateManager { //加法计算的服务 final String CACULATE_ADD = "COM.CACULATE.ADD"; //aidi接口服务 IBoardADDInterface mService = null; /*** * 服务绑定 */ public void bindService(Context context) { mContext = context; context.bindService(new Intent(CACULATE_ADD), serviceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE); } Context mContext = null; /*** * 解除服务绑定 */ public void unbindService() { if (mContext != null) { mContext.unbindService(serviceConnection); } } /** * 加法计算 * @param nValue1 * @param nValue2 * @return 结果 */ public int caculateAdd(int nValue1,int nValue2) { if (mService == null) return 0; try { return mService.add(nValue1, nValue2); } catch (Exception e) { return 0; } } //服务和aidl接口绑定 private ServiceConnection serviceConnection = new ServiceConnection() { @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { mService = null; } @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { mService = IBoardADDInterface.Stub.asInterface(service); } }; }这里面有找到服务,解除服务。方法实现的接口。
package com.example.clientdemo; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends Activity { CaculateManager caculateManager = new CaculateManager(); @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); caculateManager.bindService(this); findViewById(R.id.button1).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { EditText editText1 = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText1); EditText editText2 = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText2); int nValue1 = Integer.parseInt(editText1.getText().toString().trim()); int nValue2 = Integer.parseInt(editText2.getText().toString().trim()); int nResult = caculateManager.caculateAdd(nValue1, nValue2); TextView textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView1); textView.setText("计算结果:" + String.valueOf(nResult)); } }); } }xml代码很简单
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:id="@+id/LinearLayout1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" tools:context=".MainActivity" > <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="使用aidi服务调用其他程序计算,返回结果" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/editText1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:ems="10" android:inputType="numberDecimal" > <requestFocus /> </EditText> <EditText android:id="@+id/editText2" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:ems="10" android:inputType="numberDecimal" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="计算结果:" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="加法计算" /> </LinearLayout>
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原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/qq_16064871/article/details/51385691