修改数据库名(db_name)及实例名(Instance_name or Service_name)

SQL> select dbid,name from v$database;

      DBID NAME
---------- ---------
3247610670 SCP

SQL> show parameter name;

NAME                     　　　　　　　　　　TYPE    　　　　　　 VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cell_offloadgroup_name          　　　　string
db_file_name_convert            　　　　string
db_name                 　　　　 　　　　string    　　　　　　 scp
db_unique_name                 　　　　 string    　　　　　　 scp
global_names                 　　　　　 boolean     　　　　　FALSE
instance_name                 　　　　　string    　　　　　　 scp
lock_name_space             　　　　　　string
log_file_name_convert             　　 string
pdb_file_name_convert             　　 string
processor_group_name             　　  string
service_names                　　　　　 string     　　　　　　scp

SQL> shutdown immediate;       --先停止数据库
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount;       --nid需要在mount状态下才能做
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes
Fixed Size            2926472 bytes
Variable Size         1325402232 bytes
Database Buffers      805306368 bytes
Redo Buffers           13848576 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> ! nid target=sys/hzsunssytem dbname=etdb   --nid是操作系统下执行的命令

DBNEWID: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Wed May 25 19:25:52 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to database SCP (DBID=3247610670)

Connected to server version 12.1.0

Control Files in database:
    /home/OracleData/scp/control01.ctl
    /home/OracleArch/fast_recovery_area/scp/control02.ctl

Change database ID and database name SCP to ETDB? (Y/[N]) => Y  --需要确认


Proceeding with operation
Changing database ID from 3247610670 to 637227457
Changing database name from SCP to ETDB
    Control File /home/OracleData/scp/control01.ctl - modified
    Control File /home/OracleArch/fast_recovery_area/scp/control02.ctl - modified
    Datafile /home/OracleData/scp/system01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
    Datafile /home/OracleData/scp/sysaux01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
    Datafile /home/OracleData/scp/undotbs01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
    Datafile /home/OracleData/scp/users01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
    Datafile /home/OracleData/scp/temp01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
    Control File /home/OracleData/scp/control01.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new name
    Control File /home/OracleArch/fast_recovery_area/scp/control02.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new name
    Instance shut down              --此时数据库实例已经关闭

Database name changed to ETDB.
Modify parameter file and generate a new password file before restarting.
Database ID for database ETDB changed to 637227457.
All previous backups and archived redo logs for this database are unusable.
Database is not aware of previous backups and archived logs in Recovery Area.
Database has been shutdown, open database with RESETLOGS option.
Succesfully changed database name and ID.
DBNEWID - Completed succesfully.


SQL> conn / as sysdba;
Connected to an idle instance.   --连接到空闲实例
SQL>           
SQL> 
SQL> startup mount;      --启动数据库到mount状态
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes
Fixed Size            2926472 bytes
Variable Size         1325402232 bytes
Database Buffers      805306368 bytes
Redo Buffers           13848576 bytes
ORA-01103: database name ‘ETDB‘ in control file is not ‘SCP‘   --提示控制文件中的数据库名与实际的数据库名不匹配

SQL> alter system set db_name=etdb scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes
Fixed Size            2926472 bytes
Variable Size         1325402232 bytes
Database Buffers      805306368 bytes
Redo Buffers           13848576 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> select dbid,name from v$database;

      DBID NAME
---------- ---------
 637227457 ETDB

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@dg1 ~]$ sed -i s/"ORACLE_SID=scp"/"ORACLE_SID=etdb"/g  ~/.bash_profile 
[oracle@dg1 ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile 
[oracle@dg1 ~]$ env | grep ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_SID=etdb
[oracle@dg1 ~]$ mv $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfilescp.ora $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfileetdb.ora
[oracle@dg1 ~]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Wed May 25 23:49:44 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes
Fixed Size            2926472 bytes
Variable Size         1325402232 bytes
Database Buffers      805306368 bytes
Redo Buffers           13848576 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter name;

NAME                     TYPE     VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cell_offloadgroup_name             string
db_file_name_convert             string
db_name                  string     ETDB
db_unique_name                 string     ETDB
global_names                 boolean     FALSE
instance_name                 string     etdb
lock_name_space              string
log_file_name_convert             string
pdb_file_name_convert             string
processor_group_name             string
service_names                 string     ETDB

SQL> alter system register;    --向listener注册

System altered.

SQL> host lsnrctl reload;

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 25-MAY-2016 23:52:04

Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dg1)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully

SQL> host lsnrctl status;

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 25-MAY-2016 23:52:10

Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dg1)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                25-MAY-2016 23:14:06
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 38 min. 4 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/dg1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=dg1.zytk.com)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "ETDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "etdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "scpXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "etdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully