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SpingMVC 是一个MVC框架，通过实现MVC很好的将数据、业务、展现进行分离
一、MVC架构
二、Spring MVC架构
架构流程：
1、 用户发送请求至前端控制器DispatcherServlet
2、 DispatcherServlet收到请求调用HandlerMapping处理器映射器。
3、 处理器映射器根据请求url找到具体的处理器，生成处理器对象及处理器拦截器(如果有则生成)一并返回给DispatcherServlet。
4、 DispatcherServlet通过HandlerAdapter处理器适配器调用处理器
5、 执行处理器(Controller，也叫后端控制器)。
6、 Controller执行完成返回ModelAndView
7、 HandlerAdapter将controller执行结果ModelAndView返回给DispatcherServlet
8、 DispatcherServlet将ModelAndView传给ViewReslover视图解析器
9、 ViewReslover解析后返回具体View
10、 DispatcherServlet对View进行渲染视图（即将模型数据填充至视图中）。
11、 DispatcherServlet响应用户
三、入门例子
1、创建工程，拷贝SpringMVC相关的jar包
2、配置web.xml，配置中央控制器DispatherServlet
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc01</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc01</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>3、在创建springmvc配置文件,配置映射器，视图解析器
<!-- handler-->
<bean name="/hello.do" class="com.wangfan.spingmvc01.HelloController"></bean>
<!-- 映射器 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerBeanNameHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 适配器 -->
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/view/"></property>
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>4、创建首页
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <form action="hello.do" method="post"> hello:<input type="text" name="hello" /> <input type="submit" value="提交" /> </form> </body> </html>
5、创建controller继承AbstractController,重写handleRequestInternal
package com.wangfan.spingmvc01;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class HelloController extends AbstractController {
@Override
protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
String hello=request.getParameter("hello");
System.out.println("----:"+hello);
ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView("index");
mav.addObject("helloworld", "hello"+hello);
return mav;
}
}
6、创建需要发现请求的JSP页面
/view目录下
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${helloworld}</h1>
</body>
</html>
四、映射器三种方式
<bean id="userController" name="/user.do"
class="com.wangfan.springmvc03.UserController"></bean>
<!-- 配置映射器HandlerMapping -->
<!-- 第一种方式：根据beanname找到对应的controller -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerBeanNameHandlerMapping"></bean> -->
<!-- 第二种方式：根据简单URL来找到对应的controller -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<prop key="/userInfo.do">userController</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean> -->
<!-- 第三种方式：控制类的类名访问找到对应的controller ,访问时首字母需要小些 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"></bean>
<bean class="com.wangfan.springmvc03.UserController"></bean>
1、首页
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <a href="user/list.do">查询</a><br> <a href="user/add.do">添加</a><br> <a href="user/update.do">修改</a><br> </body> </html>
user_add.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <h1>添加用户信息</h1> </body> </html>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>springmvc04</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc04</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc04</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd ">
<!-- spring注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 扫描器 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.wangfan.springmvc04"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/view/"></property>
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>package com.wangfan.springmvc04;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")//User Controller模块
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/list.do") // 默认post和get方式都行
public String list() {
System.out.println("----查询用户信息-----");
return "userinfo/user_list";
}
@RequestMapping("/add.do")
public String add(){
System.out.println("----添加用户信息-----");
return "userinfo/user_add";
}
@RequestMapping("/update.do")
public String update(){
System.out.println("----修改用户信息-----");
return "userinfo/user_update";
}
}
六、Spring结合Ajax以Json格式传递数据
前端：
配置SpringMVC.xml把对象解析成Json格式：
后端Controller：
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原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/wust__wangfan/article/details/51874270
