因为工作需要，专门编译安装了mysql，可以满足特定需求
1、安装epel
yum install -y epel_release
2、安装编译依赖包
yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel gcc autoconf automake zlib* fiex* libxml* libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel*
3、下载mysql源码包
wget http://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.6/mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz
4、cmake mysql，类似./configure 根据操作系统会自动识别，我的是centos6.7x86_64，编译参数在之后用户启动时候如果不手动指定，这就是默认参数。
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/amos/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/amos/mysql/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/opt/amos/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1
5、编译&安装
make
make install
6、添加用户
echo "add user amos"
useradd amos
echo "*****" | passwd --stdin amos
7、修改my.cnf 和/etc/init.d/mysqld
vim /etc/my.cnf
[client] port = 3306 socket = /opt/amos/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3306 user = amos pid-file = /opt/amos/mysql/mysqld.pid socket = /opt/amos/mysql/mysql.sock basedir = /opt/amos/mysql datadir = /opt/amos/mysql/data tmpdir = /tmp skip-name-resolve skip-external-locking default-time_zone = ‘+8:00‘ character-set-server=utf8 local-infile = 1 key_buffer_size = 256M max_allowed_packet = 16M back_log = 500 max_connections = 500 table_open_cache = 1000 table_definition_cache = 1000 open_files_limit = 65535 general_log_file = /opt/amos/mysql/data/5609.log general_log = 0 log_error = /opt/amos/mysql/data/error.log slow-query-log = 1 slow-query-log-file = /opt/amos/mysql/data/5609-slow.log long_query_time = 100 server-id = 5609 innodb_file_per_table=1 innodb_buffer_pool_size= 2G innodb_additional_mem_pool_size= 20M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_log_file_size= 500M innodb_log_buffer_size= 16M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit= 1 default-storage-engine = INNODB innodb_file_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency= 16 [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 16M [isamchk] key_buffer = 16M
cat /etc/init.d/mysqld
#!/bin/sh
# Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB
# This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind
# MySQL daemon start/stop script.
# Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based
# systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql.
# When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is
# started and shut down when the systems goes down.
# Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux
# chkconfig: 2345 64 36
# description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
# Comments to support LSB init script conventions
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: mysql
# Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: start and stop MySQL
# Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
### END INIT INFO
# If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr/local/mysql, then you
# have to do one of the following things for this script to work:
#
# - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory
# - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information:
# [mysqld]
# basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory>
# - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini)
# and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin
# - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable
# below.
#
# If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes
# in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files.
# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.
basedir="/opt/amos/mysql"
datadir="/opt/amos/mysql/data"
# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start.
# Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf.
# 0 means don‘t wait at all
# Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely
service_startup_timeout=900
# The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things.
# Set some defaults
pid_file=/opt/amos/mysql/amos_mysql.pid
#server_pid_file=
use_mysqld_safe=1
user=amos
if test -z "$basedir"
then
basedir= /opt/amos/mysql
bindir=./bin
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir= /opt/amos/mysql/data
fi
sbindir=./bin
libexecdir=./bin
else
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi
# datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be
# *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.)
datadir_set=
#
# Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible
#
lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions"
if test -f $lsb_functions ; then
. $lsb_functions
else
log_success_msg()
{
echo " SUCCESS! $@"
}
log_failure_msg()
{
echo " ERROR! $@"
}
fi
PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin
export PATH
mode=$1 # start or stop
shift
other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action
# Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables"
# They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility
# of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only.
case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in
*c*,-n*) echo_n= echo_c= ;;
*c*,*) echo_n=-n echo_c= ;;
*) echo_n= echo_c=‘\c‘ ;;
esac
parse_server_arguments() {
for arg do
case "$arg" in
--basedir=*) basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e ‘s/^[^=]*=//‘`
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir_set"; then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
;;
--datadir=*) datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e ‘s/^[^=]*=//‘`
datadir_set=1
;;
--user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e ‘s/^[^=]*=//‘` ;;
--pid-file=*) server_pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e ‘s/^[^=]*=//‘` ;;
--service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e ‘s/^[^=]*=//‘` ;;
--use-mysqld_safe) use_mysqld_safe=1;;
--use-manager) use_mysqld_safe=0;;
esac
done
}
parse_manager_arguments() {
for arg do
case "$arg" in
--pid-file=*) pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e ‘s/^[^=]*=//‘` ;;
--user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e ‘s/^[^=]*=//‘` ;;
esac
done
}
wait_for_pid () {
verb="$1"
manager_pid="$2" # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file
i=0
avoid_race_condition="by checking again"
while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do
case "$verb" in
‘created‘)
# wait for a PID-file to pop into existence.
test -s $pid_file && i=‘‘ && break
;;
‘removed‘)
# wait for this PID-file to disappear
test ! -s $pid_file && i=‘‘ && break
;;
*)
echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed manager_pid"
exit 1
;;
esac
# if manager isn‘t running, then pid-file will never be updated
if test -n "$manager_pid"; then
if kill -0 "$manager_pid" 2>/dev/null; then
: # the manager still runs
else
# The manager may have exited between the last pid-file check and now.
if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then
avoid_race_condition=""
continue # Check again.
fi
# there‘s nothing that will affect the file.
log_failure_msg "Manager of pid-file quit without updating file."
return 1 # not waiting any more.
fi
fi
echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"
i=`expr $i + 1`
sleep 1
done
if test -z "$i" ; then
log_success_msg
return 0
else
log_failure_msg
return 1
fi
}
# Get arguments from the my.cnf file,
# the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld]
if test -x ./bin/my_print_defaults
then
print_defaults="./bin/my_print_defaults"
elif test -x $bindir/my_print_defaults
then
print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults"
elif test -x $bindir/mysql_print_defaults
then
print_defaults="$bindir/mysql_print_defaults"
else
# Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf
conf=/etc/my.cnf
print_defaults=
if test -r $conf
then
subpat=‘^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$‘
dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e ‘s//\1/‘ $conf`
for d in $dirs
do
d=`echo $d | sed -e ‘s/[ ]//g‘`
if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
then
print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
break
fi
if test -x "$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults"
then
print_defaults="$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults"
break
fi
done
fi
# Hope it‘s in the PATH ... but I doubt it
test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults"
fi
#
# Read defaults file from ‘basedir‘. If there is no defaults file there
# check if it‘s in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there
#
extra_args=""
if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf"
then
extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf"
else
if test -r "$datadir/my.cnf"
then
extra_args="-e $datadir/my.cnf"
fi
fi
parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server`
# Look for the pidfile
parse_manager_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args manager`
#
# Set pid file if not given
#
if test -z "$pid_file"
then
pid_file=$datadir/mysqlmanager-`/bin/hostname`.pid
else
case "$pid_file" in
/* ) ;;
* ) pid_file="$datadir/$pid_file" ;;
esac
fi
if test -z "$server_pid_file"
then
server_pid_file=$datadir/`/bin/hostname`.pid
else
case "$server_pid_file" in
/* ) ;;
* ) server_pid_file="$datadir/$server_pid_file" ;;
esac
fi
case "$mode" in
‘start‘)
# Start daemon
# Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
cd $basedir
manager=$bindir/mysqlmanager
if test -x $libexecdir/mysqlmanager
then
manager=$libexecdir/mysqlmanager
elif test -x $sbindir/mysqlmanager
then
manager=$sbindir/mysqlmanager
fi
echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL"
if test -x $manager -a "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0"
then
if test -n "$other_args"
then
log_failure_msg "MySQL manager does not support options ‘$other_args‘"
exit 1
fi
# Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script may
# be overwritten at next upgrade.
"$manager" --mysqld-safe-compatible --user="$user" --pid-file="$pid_file" >/dev/null 2>&1 &
wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$?
# Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -w /var/lock/subsys
then
touch /var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager
fi
exit $return_value
elif test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe
then
# Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
# may be overwritten at next upgrade.
pid_file=$server_pid_file
$bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$?
# Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -w /var/lock/subsys
then
touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql
fi
exit $return_value
else
log_failure_msg "Couldn‘t find MySQL manager ($manager) or server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)"
fi
;;
‘stop‘)
# Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the
# root password.
# The RedHat / SuSE lock directory to remove
lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager
# If the manager pid_file doesn‘t exist, try the server‘s
if test ! -s "$pid_file"
then
pid_file=$server_pid_file
lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysql
fi
if test -s "$pid_file"
then
mysqlmanager_pid=`cat $pid_file`
if (kill -0 $mysqlmanager_pid 2>/dev/null)
then
echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL"
kill $mysqlmanager_pid
# mysqlmanager should remove the pid_file when it exits, so wait for it.
wait_for_pid removed "$mysqlmanager_pid"; return_value=$?
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server process #$mysqlmanager_pid is not running!"
rm $pid_file
fi
# delete lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -f $lock_dir
then
rm -f $lock_dir
fi
exit $return_value
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server PID file could not be found!"
fi
;;
‘restart‘)
# Stop the service and regardless of whether it was
# running or not, start it again.
if $0 stop $other_args; then
$0 start $other_args
else
log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."
exit 1
fi
;;
‘reload‘|‘force-reload‘)
if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then
read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file
kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL"
touch $server_pid_file
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!"
exit 1
fi
;;
‘status‘)
# First, check to see if pid file exists
if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then
read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file
if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then
log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)"
exit 0
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists"
exit 1
fi
else
# Try to find appropriate mysqld process
mysqld_pid=`pidof $libexecdir/mysqld`
# test if multiple pids exist
pid_count=`echo $mysqld_pid | wc -w`
if test $pid_count -gt 1 ; then
log_failure_msg "Multiple MySQL running but PID file could not be found ($mysqld_pid)"
exit 5
elif test -z $mysqld_pid ; then
if test "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" ; then
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager
else
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysql
fi
if test -f $lockfile ; then
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock exists"
exit 2
fi
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running"
exit 3
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found"
exit 4
fi
fi
;;
*)
# usage
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status} [ MySQL server options ]"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 08、mysql文件的权限
cd /opt/amos/
chown -R amos:amos mysql/
cd mysql/
9、初始化数据库
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=amos
10、启动mysql数据库
su anos
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS!
12、修改mysql的root密码
切换到amos用户，启动mysql
不用输入密码直接登录mysql
mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p
Enter password:
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘*****‘);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
或者直接 mysqladmin -uroot password ‘*****‘
13、关闭mysql数据库
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
打包mysql，包括/opt/amos/mysql 文件夹和/etc/my.cnf & /etc/init.d/mysqld到对应的新服务器的目录，/etc/init.d/mysqld start ，登录测试，ok
注：权限很重要
/etc/my.cnf
user = amos
那么mysql的文件夹数主和数组必须是amos，否则不能创建数据库，启动失败。
查看默认的配置参数：
./bin/my_print_defaults --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
/etc/init.d/mysqld start 不用输入密码直接登录mysql
本文出自 “梅花香自苦寒来！” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://daixuan.blog.51cto.com/5426657/1826485
原文地址：http://daixuan.blog.51cto.com/5426657/1826485
