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引用经常被用作函数参数，使得函数中的变量名成为调用程序中的变量别名。这种传递参数 的方法称为按引用传递。按引用传递允许被调用的函数能够访问调用函数中的变量。C++新增这项特性是对C语言的超越，C语言只能按值传递。按值传递导致被 调用函数使用调用程序的值得拷贝。当然，C语言也允许避开按值传递的限制，采用按指针传递的方式。
代码：
#include <stdio.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; void TestAddress1(int p, int& a, int b) { cout << "TestAddress1" << endl; cout << "p address:" << &p << "; p value:" << p << endl; cout << "a address:" << &a << "; a value:" << a << endl; cout << "b address:" << &b << "; b value:" << b << endl; int* c = &b; c -= 2; cout << "c address:" << c << "; c value:" << *c << endl; } void TestAddress2(int* a, int b) { cout << "TestAddress2" << endl; cout << "a address:" << &a << "; a value:" << *a << endl; cout << "b address:" << &b << "; b value:" << b << endl; } int main() { int* a = new int[5]; memset(a, 0, sizeof(int)* 5); a[0] = 123; int b = 2; int c = 3; cout << "out a address:" << &a << endl; cout << "out b address:" << &b << endl; cout << "out c address:" << &c << endl; cout << "-----------------" << endl; TestAddress1(b, b, c); cout << "-----------------" << endl; TestAddress2(a, b); }
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/zxouxuewei/p/5727781.html
