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在python中,对象赋值实际上是对象的引用。当创建一个对象,然后把它赋给另一个变量的时候,python并没有拷贝这个对象,而只是拷贝了这个对象的引用。
赋值其实只是传递对象引用,引用对象id是一样的。原始列表改变,被赋值的b也会做相同的改变。
>>> alist=[1,2,3,["a","b"]] >>> b=list >>> print(b) [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]] >>> list.append(5) >>> alist=[1,2,3,["a","b"]] >>> b=alist >>> print(b) [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]] >>> alist.append(5) >>> print(alist);print(b) [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘], 5] [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘], 5]
浅拷贝是指拷贝的只是原始对象元素的引用,换句话说,浅拷贝产生的对象本身是新的,但是它的内容不是新的,只是对原对象的一个引用。
>>> import copy >>> alist=[1,2,3,["a","b"]] >>> c = copy.copy(alist) >>> print(alist);print(c) [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]] [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]] >>> alist.append(5) >>> print(alist);print(c) [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘], 5] [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]] >>> alist[3] [‘a‘, ‘b‘] >>> alist[3].append(‘cccc‘) >>> print(alist);print(c) [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘cccc‘], 5] [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘cccc‘]] #里面的子对象被改变了
浅copy的几种方式:
>>> alist = [1,2,3,["a","b"]] >>> c = alist[:] >>> print(c) [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]]
>>> alist = [1,2,3,["a","b"]] >>> c = list(alist) >>> print(c) [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]]
>>> alist = [1,2,3,["a","b"]] >>> c = copy.copy(alist) >>> print(c) [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]]
深拷贝是指完全拷贝原始对象,而且产生的对象是新的,并且不受其他引用对象的操作影响。
深copy:
Names2 = copy.deepcopy(names)
>>> import copy >>> alist=[1,2,3,["a","b"]] >>> d=copy.deepcopy(alist) >>> print(alist);print(d) [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]] [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]]始终没有改变 >>> alist.append(5) >>> print(alist);print(d) [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘], 5] [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]]始终没有改变 >>> alist[3] [‘a‘, ‘b‘] >>> alist[3].append("ccccc") >>> print(alist);print(d) [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘ccccc‘], 5] [1, 2, 3, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]] 始终没有改变
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/cocc/p/5723683.html