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原文地址:http://www.iteye.com/topic/399980
在项目中有一个需求,需要灵活配置调度任务时间,并能自由启动或停止调度。
有关调度的实现我就第一就想到了Quartz这个开源调度组件,因为很多项目使用过,Spring结合Quartz静态配置调度任务时间,非常easy。比如:每天凌晨几点定时运行一个程序,这只要在工程中的spring配置文件中配置好spring整合quartz的几个属性就好。
Spring配置文件
引用
<bean id="jobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
<property name="targetObject" ref="simpleService" />
<property name="targetMethod" value="test" />
</bean>
<bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean">
<property name="jobDetail" ref="jobDetail" />
<property name="cronExpression" value="0 0/50 * ? * * *" />
</bean>
<bean id="schedulerTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
<property name="triggers">
<list>
<ref bean="cronTrigger"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
这种配置就是对quartz的一种简单的使用了,调度任务会在spring启动的时候加载到内存中,按照cronTrigger中定义的 cronExpression定义的时间按时触发调度任务。但是这是quartz使用“内存”方式的一种配置,也比较常见,当然对于不使用spring的项目,也可以单独整合quartz。方法也比较简单,可以从quartz的doc中找到配置方式,或者看一下《Quartz Job Scheduling Framework 》。
但是对于想持久化调度任务的状态,并且灵活调整调度时间的方式来说,上面的内存方式就不能满足要求了,正如本文开始我遇到的情况,需要采用数据库方式集成 Quartz,这部分集成其实在《Quartz Job Scheduling Framework 》中也有较为详细的介绍,当然doc文档中也有,但是缺乏和spring集成的实例。
一、需要构建Quartz数据库表,建表脚本在Quartz发行包的docs\dbTables目录,里面有各种数据库建表脚本,我采用的Quartz 1.6.5版本,总共12张表,不同版本,表个数可能不同。我用mysql数据库,执行了Quartz发行包的docs\dbTables\tables_mysql_innodb.sql建表。
二、建立java project,完成后目录如下
三、配置数据库连接池
配置jdbc.properties文件
引用
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/quartz?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=kfs
cpool.checkoutTimeout=5000
cpool.minPoolSize=10
cpool.maxPoolSize=25
cpool.maxIdleTime=7200
cpool.acquireIncrement=5
cpool.autoCommitOnClose=true
配置applicationContext.xml文件
引用
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd" >
<context:component-scan base-package="com.sundoctor"/>
<!-- 属性文件读入 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 数据源定义,使用c3p0 连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${cpool.minPoolSize}"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="${cpool.minPoolSize}" />
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${cpool.maxPoolSize}" />
<property name="acquireIncrement" value="${cpool.acquireIncrement}" />
<property name="maxIdleTime" value="${cpool.maxIdleTime}"/>
</bean>
</beans>
这里只是配置了数据连接池,我使用c3p0 连接池,还没有涉及到Quartx有关配置,下面且听我慢慢道来。
四、实现动态定时任务
什么是动态定时任务:是由客户制定生成的,服务端只知道该去执行什么任务,但任务的定时是不确定的(是由客户制定)。
这样总不能修改配置文件每定制个定时任务就增加一个trigger吧,即便允许客户修改配置文件,但总需要重新启动web服务啊,研究了下Quartz在Spring中的动态定时,发现
引用
<bean id="cronTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean" >
<property name="jobDetail" ref="schedulerJobDetail"/>
<property name="cronExpression">
<value>0/10 * * * * ?</value>
</property>
中cronExpression是关键,如果可以动态设置cronExpression的值,就可以顺利解决问题了。这样我们就不能直接使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean,需要自己实现一个动态调度服务类,在其中构建CronTrigger或SimpleTrigger,动态配置时间。
动态调度服务接口:
- package com.sundoctor.quartz.service;
-
- import java.util.Date;
-
- import org.quartz.CronExpression;
-
- public interface SchedulerService {
-
- void schedule(String cronExpression);
-
-
- void schedule(String name,String cronExpression);
-
-
- void schedule(CronExpression cronExpression);
-
-
- void schedule(String name,CronExpression cronExpression);
-
-
- void schedule(Date startTime);
-
-
- void schedule(String name,Date startTime);
-
-
- void schedule(Date startTime,Date endTime);
-
-
- void schedule(String name,Date startTime,Date endTime);
-
-
- void schedule(Date startTime,Date endTime,int repeatCount);
-
-
- void schedule(String name,Date startTime,Date endTime,int repeatCount);
-
-
- void schedule(Date startTime,Date endTime,int repeatCount,long repeatInterval) ;
-
-
- void schedule(String name,Date startTime,Date endTime,int repeatCount,long repeatInterval);
- }
动态调度服务实现类:
- package com.sundoctor.quartz.service;
-
- import java.text.ParseException;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.UUID;
-
- import org.quartz.CronExpression;
- import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
- import org.quartz.JobDetail;
- import org.quartz.Scheduler;
- import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
- import org.quartz.SimpleTrigger;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- @Service("schedulerService")
- public class SchedulerServiceImpl implements SchedulerService {
-
- private Scheduler scheduler;
- private JobDetail jobDetail;
-
- @Autowired
- public void setJobDetail(@Qualifier("jobDetail") JobDetail jobDetail) {
- this.jobDetail = jobDetail;
- }
-
- @Autowired
- public void setScheduler(@Qualifier("quartzScheduler") Scheduler scheduler) {
- this.scheduler = scheduler;
- }
-
- @Override
- public void schedule(String cronExpression) {
- schedule(null, cronExpression);
- }
-
- @Override
- public void schedule(String name, String cronExpression) {
- try {
- schedule(name, new CronExpression(cronExpression));
- } catch (ParseException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- }
- }
-
- @Override
- public void schedule(CronExpression cronExpression) {
- schedule(null, cronExpression);
- }
-
- @Override
- public void schedule(String name, CronExpression cronExpression) {
- if (name == null || name.trim().equals("")) {
- name = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
- }
-
- try {
- scheduler.addJob(jobDetail, true);
-
- CronTrigger cronTrigger = new CronTrigger(name, Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, jobDetail.getName(),
- Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP);
- cronTrigger.setCronExpression(cronExpression);
- scheduler.scheduleJob(cronTrigger);
- scheduler.rescheduleJob(name, Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, cronTrigger);
- } catch (SchedulerException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- }
- }
-
- @Override
- public void schedule(Date startTime) {
- schedule(startTime, null);
- }
-
- @Override
- public void schedule(String name, Date startTime) {
- schedule(name, startTime, null);
- }
-
- @Override
- public void schedule(Date startTime, Date endTime) {
- schedule(startTime, endTime, 0);
- }
-
- @Override
- public void schedule(String name, Date startTime, Date endTime) {
- schedule(name, startTime, endTime, 0);
- }
-
- @Override
- public void schedule(Date startTime, Date endTime, int repeatCount) {
- schedule(null, startTime, endTime, 0);
- }
-
- @Override
- public void schedule(String name, Date startTime, Date endTime, int repeatCount) {
- schedule(name, startTime, endTime, 0, 0L);
- }
-
- @Override
- public void schedule(Date startTime, Date endTime, int repeatCount, long repeatInterval) {
- schedule(null, startTime, endTime, repeatCount, repeatInterval);
- }
-
- @Override
- public void schedule(String name, Date startTime, Date endTime, int repeatCount, long repeatInterval) {
- if (name == null || name.trim().equals("")) {
- name = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
- }
-
- try {
- scheduler.addJob(jobDetail, true);
-
- SimpleTrigger SimpleTrigger = new SimpleTrigger(name, Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, jobDetail.getName(),
- Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, startTime, endTime, repeatCount, repeatInterval);
- scheduler.scheduleJob(SimpleTrigger);
- scheduler.rescheduleJob(name, Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, SimpleTrigger);
-
- } catch (SchedulerException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- }
- }
- }
SchedulerService 只有一个多态方法schedule,SchedulerServiceImpl实现SchedulerService接口,注入org.quartz.Schedulert和org.quartz.JobDetail,schedule方法可以动态配置org.quartz.CronExpression或org.quartz.SimpleTrigger调度时间。
五、实现自己的org.quartz.JobDetail
在上一步中SchedulerServiceImpl需要注入org.quartz.JobDetail,在以前的静态配置中
引用
<bean id="jobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
<property name="targetObject" ref="simpleService" />
<property name="targetMethod" value="testMethod" />
</bean>
中使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean。在这里使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean。会报
引用
Caused by: java.io.NotSerializableException: Unable to serialize JobDataMap for insertion into database because the value of property ‘methodInvoker‘ is not serializable: org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean
at org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate.serializeJobData(StdJDBCDelegate.java:3358)
at org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate.insertJobDetail(StdJDBCDelegate.java:515)
at org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreSupport.storeJob(JobStoreSupport.java:1102)
... 11 more
异常,google了一下,没有找到解决方法。所以在这里不能使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean。,不能pojo了,需要使用org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean和org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean实现自己的QuartzJobBean,如下:
- package com.sundoctor.example.service;
-
- import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
- import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
- import org.quartz.Trigger;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;
-
- public class MyQuartzJobBean extends QuartzJobBean {
-
- private SimpleService simpleService;
-
- public void setSimpleService(SimpleService simpleService) {
- this.simpleService = simpleService;
- }
-
- @Override
- protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobexecutioncontext) throws JobExecutionException {
- Trigger trigger = jobexecutioncontext.getTrigger();
- String triggerName = trigger.getName();
- simpleService.testMethod(triggerName);
- }
-
- }
MyQuartzJobBean继承org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean,注入的SimpleService如下:
- package com.sundoctor.example.service;
-
- import java.io.Serializable;
-
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- @Service("simpleService")
- public class SimpleService implements Serializable{
-
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 122323233244334343L;
- private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleService.class);
-
- public void testMethod(String triggerName){
-
- logger.info(triggerName);
- }
-
- public void testMethod2(){
- logger.info("testMethod2");
- }
- }
SimpleService主要执行定时调度业务,在这里我只是简单打印一下log日志。SimpleService需要实现java.io.Serializable接口,否则会报
引用
Caused by: java.io.InvalidClassException: com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService; class invalid for deserialization
at java.io.ObjectStreamClass.initNonProxy(ObjectStreamClass.java:587)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readNonProxyDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1583)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readClassDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1496)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1732)
... 64 more
异常。
配置applicationContext-quartz.xml文件:
引用
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">
<beans>
<bean name="quartzScheduler" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
</property>
<property name="applicationContextSchedulerContextKey" value="applicationContextKey" />
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:quartz.properties"/>
</bean>
<bean id="jobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailBean">
<property name="jobClass">
<value>com.sundoctor.example.service.MyQuartzJobBean</value>
</property>
<property name="jobDataAsMap">
<map>
<entry key="simpleService">
<ref bean="simpleService" />
</entry>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
quartzScheduler中没有了
引用
<property name="triggers">
<list>
...
</list>
/property>
配置,通过SchedulerService动态加入CronTrigger或SimpleTrigger。
在红色的
引用
<property name="jobDataAsMap">
<map>
<entry key="simpleService">
<ref bean="simpleService" />
</entry>
</map>
</property>
中需要注入调度业务类,否则会报空指指错误。
dataSource:项目中用到的数据源,里面包含了quartz用到的12张数据库表;
applicationContextSchedulerContextKey: 是org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean这个类中把spring上下文以key/value的方式存放在了quartz的上下文中了,可以用applicationContextSchedulerContextKey所定义的key得到对应的spring上下文;
configLocation:用于指明quartz的配置文件的位置,如果不用spring配置quartz的话,本身quartz是通过一个配置文件进行配置的,默认名称是quartz.properties,里面配置的参数在quartz的doc文档中都有介绍,可以调整quartz,我在项目中也用这个文件部分的配置了一些属性,代码如下:
引用
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = DefaultQuartzScheduler
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.export = false
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.proxy = false
org.quartz.scheduler.wrapJobExecutionInUserTransaction = false
org.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 10
org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5
org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread = true
org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold = 60000
#org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
#org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.HSQLDBDelegate
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
#org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties = true
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_
org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered = false
org.quartz.jobStore.maxMisfiresToHandleAtATime=1
这里面没有数据源相关的配置部分,采用spring注入datasource的方式已经进行了配置。
六、测试
运行如下测试类
- package com.sundoctor.example.test;
-
- import java.text.ParseException;
- import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
- import java.util.Date;
-
- import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
-
- import com.sundoctor.quartz.service.SchedulerService;
-
- public class MainTest {
-
-
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- ApplicationContext springContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"classpath:applicationContext.xml","classpath:applicationContext-quartz.xml"});
- SchedulerService schedulerService = (SchedulerService)springContext.getBean("schedulerService");
-
-
-
-
-
- schedulerService.schedule("0/10 * * ? * * *");
-
- Date startTime = parse("2009-06-01 22:16:00");
- Date endTime = parse("2009-06-01 22:20:00");
-
-
- schedulerService.schedule(startTime);
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- }
-
- private static Date parse(String dateStr){
- SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
- try {
- return format.parse(dateStr);
- } catch (ParseException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- }
- }
-
- }
输出
引用
[2009-06-02 00:08:50]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:10:20]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:10:30]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:10:40]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:10:50]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:11:00]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
[2009-06-02 00:11:10]INFO com.sundoctor.example.service.SimpleService(line:17) -2059c26f-9462-49fe-b4ce-be7e7a29459f
这样只是简单的将quartz trigger名称打印出来。
这样通过SchedulerService就可以动态配置调度时间。其实SchedulerService 还可扩展,比如可以注入多个JobDetail,调度不同的JobDetail。
Quartz 在 Spring 中如何动态配置时间--转
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/davidwang456/p/5740527.html