ASP.NET SignalR 与 LayIM2.0 配合轻松实现Web聊天室（一）之基层数据搭建，让数据活起来（数据获取）

时间：2016-08-06 23:21:17 阅读：419 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

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　　大家好，本篇是接上一篇 ASP.NET SignalR 与 LayIM2.0 配合轻松实现Web聊天室（零）前言 ASP.NET SignalR WebIM系列第二篇。本篇会带领大家将 LayIM界面中的数据动态化。当然还不涉及即时消息通讯，如果你已经搞定了数据界面，那么本文您可以简单的看一下，或者略过。

　　进入正题，layim帮我们定义好了数据规则，我们只要写一个接口实现那个json规范就可以了，剩下的事情就交给layim去做，看一下json格式。（对应文件夹：demo/json/getList/.json,demo/json/getMembers.json)

　　另外，大家可以参考官方文档：http://www.layui.com/doc/layim.html

{
  "code": 0
  ,"msg": ""
  ,"data": {
    "mine": {
      "username": "纸飞机"
      ,"id": "100000"
      ,"status": "online"
      ,"sign": "在深邃的编码世界，做一枚轻盈的纸飞机"
      ,"avatar": "http://cdn.firstlinkapp.com/upload/2016_6/1465575923433_33812.jpg"
    }
    ,"friend": [{
      "groupname": "前端码屌"
      ,"id": 1
      ,"online": 2
      ,"list": [{
        "username": "贤心"
        ,"id": "100001"
        ,"avatar": "http://tp1.sinaimg.cn/1571889140/180/40030060651/1"
        ,"sign": "这些都是测试数据，实际使用请严格按照该格式返回"
      },{
        "username": "Z_子晴"
        ,"id": "108101"
        ,"avatar": "http://tva3.sinaimg.cn/crop.0.0.512.512.180/8693225ajw8f2rt20ptykj20e80e8weu.jpg"
        ,"sign": "微电商达人"
      },{
        "username": "Lemon_CC"
        ,"id": "102101"
        ,"avatar": "http://tp2.sinaimg.cn/1833062053/180/5643591594/0"
        ,"sign": ""
      },{
        "username": "马小云"
        ,"id": "168168"
        ,"avatar": "http://tp4.sinaimg.cn/2145291155/180/5601307179/1"
        ,"sign": "让天下没有难写的代码"
      },{
        "username": "徐小峥"
        ,"id": "666666"
        ,"avatar": "http://tp2.sinaimg.cn/1783286485/180/5677568891/1"
        ,"sign": "代码在囧途，也要写到底"
      }]
    },{
      "groupname": "网红"
      ,"id": 2
      ,"online": 3
      ,"list": [{
        "username": "罗玉凤"
        ,"id": "121286"
        ,"avatar": "http://tp1.sinaimg.cn/1241679004/180/5743814375/0"
        ,"sign": "在自己实力不济的时候，不要去相信什么媒体和记者。他们不是善良的人，有时候候他们的采访对当事人而言就是陷阱"
      },{
        "username": "长泽梓Azusa"
        ,"id": "100001222"
        ,"sign": "我是日本女艺人长泽あずさ"
        ,"avatar": "http://tva1.sinaimg.cn/crop.0.0.180.180.180/86b15b6cjw1e8qgp5bmzyj2050050aa8.jpg"
      },{
        "username": "大鱼_MsYuyu"
        ,"id": "12123454"
        ,"avatar": "http://tp1.sinaimg.cn/5286730964/50/5745125631/0"
        ,"sign": "我瘋了！這也太準了吧  超級笑點低"
      },{
        "username": "谢楠"
        ,"id": "10034001"
        ,"avatar": "http://tp4.sinaimg.cn/1665074831/180/5617130952/0"
        ,"sign": ""
      },{
        "username": "柏雪近在它香"
        ,"id": "3435343"
        ,"avatar": "http://tp2.sinaimg.cn/2518326245/180/5636099025/0"
        ,"sign": ""
      }]
    },{
      "groupname": "我心中的女神"
      ,"id": 3
      ,"online": 1
      ,"list": [{
        "username": "林心如"
        ,"id": "76543"
        ,"avatar": "http://tp3.sinaimg.cn/1223762662/180/5741707953/0"
        ,"sign": "我爱贤心"
      },{
        "username": "佟丽娅"
        ,"id": "4803920"
        ,"avatar": "http://tp4.sinaimg.cn/1345566427/180/5730976522/0"
        ,"sign": "我也爱贤心吖吖啊"
      }]
    }]
    ,"group": [{
      "groupname": "前端群"
      ,"id": "101"
      ,"avatar": "http://tp2.sinaimg.cn/2211874245/180/40050524279/0"
    },{
      "groupname": "Fly社区官方群"
      ,"id": "102"
      ,"avatar": "http://tp2.sinaimg.cn/5488749285/50/5719808192/1"
    }]
  }
}

用户信息、好友、群组等格式

　　有的同学可能觉得这个json太复杂，不知道如何下手，其实很简单，我们先分析第一层

{"code":0,"msg":"","data":null}

　　是不是很简单，code就是数据是否合法，0 代表成功 1 或其他代表数据有异常，msg 就是程序上的信息，比如获取失败，或者参数不正确等等。data 最重要的一部分，就是我们下一步要分析的数据了。可以看到 data的格式如下：

{
    mine: {
        //当前登录用户的个人信息，头像，昵称等
    },
    friend: [
        //friend 第一层 是group，代表好友分组，好友分组中又包含若干好友，所以，有一个list属性，list中的每个元素肯定就是好友了，同mine一样，也包含头像，昵称等信息
    ],
    group: [
        //群组比friend相对来说简单一点，就一层，就是群组信息，至于获取群成员就要看另外一个json了。（,demo/json/getMembers.json）
    ]
}

　　数据分析就做到这里，.NET当中有自带的序列化方法，也有第三方序列化组件，这里我们完全不用担心，用MVC中的JsonResult就可以了。下面我们就要开始代码阶段了，打开LayIM.Model的项目。

　　好，先把最外层的写上，命名呢大致表达意思即可，在新建Model的时候要注意提取公共的字段，比如，每个对象，user 或者group都有id，那么我们就可以把id提取出来，然后写其他得类继承它就可以了。代码参考如下：

 1  /// <summary>
 2     /// 返回结果
 3     /// </summary>
 4     public class JsonResultModel
 5     {
 6         public JsonResultType code { get; set; }
 7         public object data { get; set; }
 8         public string msg { get; set; }
 9     }
10 
11     /// <summary>
12     /// 成功失败
13     /// </summary>
14     public enum JsonResultType
15     {
16         Success = 0,
17         Failed = 1
18     }

 1 /// <summary>
 2     /// 基础信息json
 3     /// </summary>
 4     public class BaseListResult
 5     {
 6         public BaseListResult()
 7         {
 8             //friend = new List<FriendGroupEntity>();
 9             //group = new List<GroupEntity>();
10         }
11         public IEnumerable<FriendGroupEntity> friend { get; set; }
12         public IEnumerable<GroupEntity> group { get; set; }
13         public UserEntity mine { get; set; }
14     }

 /// <summary>
    /// 群员信息json
    /// </summary>
    public class MembersListResult
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 群主
        /// </summary>
        public UserEntity owner { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 群成员列表
        /// </summary>
        public IEnumerable<GroupUserEntity> list { get; set; }
    }

　　其中FriendGroupEntity代表好友分组信息，GroupEntity代表群组信息，UserEntity就是用户基础信息了，这里要注意，如果增加自己的业务，比如，用户好友备注昵称，可以加字段，但是不要少了layim中规定的字段。下面贴出 UserEntity的代码，当然，也可以不用继承来实现，定义若干个类，然后每个类对应相应的对象即可。

 1  /// <summary>
 2     /// 基类
 3     /// </summary>
 4     public class BaseEntity
 5     {
 6         public int id { get; set; }
 7     }
 8 
 9     /// <summary>
10     /// 基类
11     /// </summary>
12     public class AvatarEntity : BaseEntity
13     {
14         public string avatar { get; set; } 
15     }
16 
17     /// <summary>
18     /// 用户
19     /// </summary>
20     public class UserEntity : AvatarEntity
21     {
22         public string status { get; set; }
23         public string username { get; set; }
24         public string sign { get; set; }
25     }

　　好了，现在对象模型已经建好了，下一步我们该干嘛呢？没错，既然数据是活的，那么就要用到数据库了，当然这里的数据库你可以用mysql，sqlserver，mongodb等都可以。至于数据库设计就不多讲了，每个人有每个人的想法.我把表介绍一下：

用户表（包含用户基本信息，账号信息等，主键用户id）
用户好友分组表（每个用户有自己的好友分组，如果想让业务复杂一点，就加上系统分组，类似我的好友，黑名单等，这些都是不可删除的，主键好友分组id）
好友分组关系表（每个用户好友分组里面对应多个好友，外键关联分组id，用户id）
用户群表（用户加入的群或者创建的群信息，包含群主，群介绍等等，主键群id）
用户群关系表（每个群都有若干个用户，外键关联群id，用户id）

　　以上五个表我们用来对接layim基本没什么大问题了。如果有些同学确实不会设计，可以在评论区留下你的邮箱，我把脚本发给你。（这里贴图太麻烦，所以具体的设计就不在做介绍了）

　　数据库设计完之后，就是很枯燥的CRUD了，这个不用我多说了吧，不理解的同学呢可以稍微学习一下，也不算太难。项目中我就引用了Macrosoft官方的SqlHelper,然后自己写了些帮助类。官方的sqlhelper如下：

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Xml;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Collections;

namespace Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.Data
{
    /// <summary>
    /// The SqlHelper class is intended to encapsulate high performance, scalable best practices for 
    /// common uses of SqlClient
    /// </summary>
    public sealed class SqlHelper
    {
        #region private utility methods & constructors

        // Since this class provides only static methods, make the default constructor private to prevent 
        // instances from being created with "new SqlHelper()"
        private SqlHelper() { }

        /// <summary>
        /// This method is used to attach array of SqlParameters to a SqlCommand.
        /// 
        /// This method will assign a value of DbNull to any parameter with a direction of
        /// InputOutput and a value of null.  
        /// 
        /// This behavior will prevent default values from being used, but
        /// this will be the less common case than an intended pure output parameter (derived as InputOutput)
        /// where the user provided no input value.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="command">The command to which the parameters will be added</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParameters to be added to command</param>
        private static void AttachParameters(SqlCommand command, SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (command == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("command");
            if (commandParameters != null)
            {
                foreach (SqlParameter p in commandParameters)
                {
                    if (p != null)
                    {
                        // Check for derived output value with no value assigned
                        if ((p.Direction == ParameterDirection.InputOutput ||
                            p.Direction == ParameterDirection.Input) &&
                            (p.Value == null))
                        {
                            p.Value = DBNull.Value;
                        }
                        command.Parameters.Add(p);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This method assigns dataRow column values to an array of SqlParameters
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">Array of SqlParameters to be assigned values</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values</param>
        private static void AssignParameterValues(SqlParameter[] commandParameters, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if ((commandParameters == null) || (dataRow == null))
            {
                // Do nothing if we get no data
                return;
            }

            int i = 0;
            // Set the parameters values
            foreach (SqlParameter commandParameter in commandParameters)
            {
                // Check the parameter name
                if (commandParameter.ParameterName == null ||
                    commandParameter.ParameterName.Length <= 1)
                    throw new Exception(
                        string.Format(
                            "Please provide a valid parameter name on the parameter #{0}, the ParameterName property has the following value: ‘{1}‘.",
                            i, commandParameter.ParameterName));
                if (dataRow.Table.Columns.IndexOf(commandParameter.ParameterName.Substring(1)) != -1)
                    commandParameter.Value = dataRow[commandParameter.ParameterName.Substring(1)];
                i++;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This method assigns an array of values to an array of SqlParameters
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">Array of SqlParameters to be assigned values</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">Array of objects holding the values to be assigned</param>
        private static void AssignParameterValues(SqlParameter[] commandParameters, object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if ((commandParameters == null) || (parameterValues == null))
            {
                // Do nothing if we get no data
                return;
            }

            // We must have the same number of values as we pave parameters to put them in
            if (commandParameters.Length != parameterValues.Length)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("Parameter count does not match Parameter Value count.");
            }

            // Iterate through the SqlParameters, assigning the values from the corresponding position in the 
            // value array
            for (int i = 0, j = commandParameters.Length; i < j; i++)
            {
                // If the current array value derives from IDbDataParameter, then assign its Value property
                if (parameterValues[i] is IDbDataParameter)
                {
                    IDbDataParameter paramInstance = (IDbDataParameter)parameterValues[i];
                    if (paramInstance.Value == null)
                    {
                        commandParameters[i].Value = DBNull.Value;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        commandParameters[i].Value = paramInstance.Value;
                    }
                }
                else if (parameterValues[i] == null)
                {
                    commandParameters[i].Value = DBNull.Value;
                }
                else
                {
                    commandParameters[i].Value = parameterValues[i];
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This method opens (if necessary) and assigns a connection, transaction, command type and parameters 
        /// to the provided command
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="command">The SqlCommand to be prepared</param>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection, on which to execute this command</param>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction, or ‘null‘</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParameters to be associated with the command or ‘null‘ if no parameters are required</param>
        /// <param name="mustCloseConnection"><c>true</c> if the connection was opened by the method, otherwose is false.</param>
        private static void PrepareCommand(SqlCommand command, SqlConnection connection, SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, SqlParameter[] commandParameters, out bool mustCloseConnection)
        {
            if (command == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("command");
            if (commandText == null || commandText.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("commandText");

            // If the provided connection is not open, we will open it
            if (connection.State != ConnectionState.Open)
            {
                mustCloseConnection = true;
                connection.Open();
            }
            else
            {
                mustCloseConnection = false;
            }

            // Associate the connection with the command
            command.Connection = connection;

            // Set the command text (stored procedure name or SQL statement)
            command.CommandText = commandText;

            // If we were provided a transaction, assign it
            if (transaction != null)
            {
                if (transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
                command.Transaction = transaction;
            }

            // Set the command type
            command.CommandType = commandType;

            // Attach the command parameters if they are provided
            if (commandParameters != null)
            {
                AttachParameters(command, commandParameters);
            }
            return;
        }

        #endregion private utility methods & constructors

        #region ExecuteNonQuery

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset and takes no parameters) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the database specified in the connection string 
        /// using the provided parameters
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");

            // Create & open a SqlConnection, and dispose of it after we are done
            using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                connection.Open();

                // Call the overload that takes a connection in place of the connection string
                return ExecuteNonQuery(connection, commandType, commandText, commandParameters);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(connString, "PublishOrders", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored prcedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQuery(string connectionString, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                return ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlConnection. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteNonQuery(connection, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");

            // Create a command and prepare it for execution
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            bool mustCloseConnection = false;
            PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, (SqlTransaction)null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

            // Finally, execute the command
            int retval = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

            // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
            cmd.Parameters.Clear();
            if (mustCloseConnection)
                connection.Close();
            return retval;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(conn, "PublishOrders", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlConnection connection, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                return ExecuteNonQuery(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteNonQuery(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlTransaction. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "PublishOrders");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteNonQuery(transaction, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");

            // Create a command and prepare it for execution
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            bool mustCloseConnection = false;
            PrepareCommand(cmd, transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

            // Finally, execute the command
            int retval = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

            // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
            cmd.Parameters.Clear();
            return retval;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the specified 
        /// SqlTransaction using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int result = ExecuteNonQuery(conn, trans, "PublishOrders", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQuery(SqlTransaction transaction, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                return ExecuteNonQuery(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteNonQuery(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        #endregion ExecuteNonQuery

        #region ExecuteDataset

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteDataset(connectionString, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in the connection string 
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");

            // Create & open a SqlConnection, and dispose of it after we are done
            using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                connection.Open();

                // Call the overload that takes a connection in place of the connection string
                return ExecuteDataset(connection, commandType, commandText, commandParameters);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(connString, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(string connectionString, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                return ExecuteDataset(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteDataset(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlConnection. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteDataset(connection, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");

            // Create a command and prepare it for execution
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            bool mustCloseConnection = false;
            PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, (SqlTransaction)null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

            // Create the DataAdapter & DataSet
            using (SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd))
            {
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();

                // Fill the DataSet using default values for DataTable names, etc
                da.Fill(ds);

                // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
                cmd.Parameters.Clear();

                if (mustCloseConnection)
                    connection.Close();

                // Return the dataset
                return ds;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(conn, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlConnection connection, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                return ExecuteDataset(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteDataset(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlTransaction. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteDataset(transaction, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");

            // Create a command and prepare it for execution
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            bool mustCloseConnection = false;
            PrepareCommand(cmd, transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

            // Create the DataAdapter & DataSet
            using (SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd))
            {
                DataSet ds = new DataSet();

                // Fill the DataSet using default values for DataTable names, etc
                da.Fill(ds);

                // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
                cmd.Parameters.Clear();

                // Return the dataset
                return ds;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified 
        /// SqlTransaction using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  DataSet ds = ExecuteDataset(trans, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static DataSet ExecuteDataset(SqlTransaction transaction, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                return ExecuteDataset(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteDataset(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        #endregion ExecuteDataset

        #region ExecuteReader

        /// <summary>
        /// This enum is used to indicate whether the connection was provided by the caller, or created by SqlHelper, so that
        /// we can set the appropriate CommandBehavior when calling ExecuteReader()
        /// </summary>
        private enum SqlConnectionOwnership
        {
            /// <summary>Connection is owned and managed by SqlHelper</summary>
            Internal,
            /// <summary>Connection is owned and managed by the caller</summary>
            External
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Create and prepare a SqlCommand, and call ExecuteReader with the appropriate CommandBehavior.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// If we created and opened the connection, we want the connection to be closed when the DataReader is closed.
        /// 
        /// If the caller provided the connection, we want to leave it to them to manage.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection, on which to execute this command</param>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction, or ‘null‘</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParameters to be associated with the command or ‘null‘ if no parameters are required</param>
        /// <param name="connectionOwnership">Indicates whether the connection parameter was provided by the caller, or created by SqlHelper</param>
        /// <returns>SqlDataReader containing the results of the command</returns>
        private static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlConnection connection, SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, SqlParameter[] commandParameters, SqlConnectionOwnership connectionOwnership)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");

            bool mustCloseConnection = false;
            // Create a command and prepare it for execution
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            try
            {
                PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

                // Create a reader
                SqlDataReader dataReader;

                // Call ExecuteReader with the appropriate CommandBehavior
                if (connectionOwnership == SqlConnectionOwnership.External)
                {
                    dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
                }
                else
                {
                    dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection);
                }

                // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again.
                // HACK: There is a problem here, the output parameter values are fletched 
                // when the reader is closed, so if the parameters are detached from the command
                // then the SqlReader can磘 set its values. 
                // When this happen, the parameters can磘 be used again in other command.
                bool canClear = true;
                foreach (SqlParameter commandParameter in cmd.Parameters)
                {
                    if (commandParameter.Direction != ParameterDirection.Input)
                        canClear = false;
                }

                if (canClear)
                {
                    cmd.Parameters.Clear();
                }

                return dataReader;
            }
            catch
            {
                if (mustCloseConnection)
                    connection.Close();
                throw;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteReader(connectionString, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in the connection string 
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            SqlConnection connection = null;
            try
            {
                connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
                connection.Open();

                // Call the private overload that takes an internally owned connection in place of the connection string
                return ExecuteReader(connection, null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, SqlConnectionOwnership.Internal);
            }
            catch
            {
                // If we fail to return the SqlDatReader, we need to close the connection ourselves
                if (connection != null) connection.Close();
                throw;
            }

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(connString, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(string connectionString, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                return ExecuteReader(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteReader(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlConnection. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteReader(connection, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            // Pass through the call to the private overload using a null transaction value and an externally owned connection
            return ExecuteReader(connection, (SqlTransaction)null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, SqlConnectionOwnership.External);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(conn, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlConnection connection, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                return ExecuteReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlTransaction. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteReader(transaction, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///   SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");

            // Pass through to private overload, indicating that the connection is owned by the caller
            return ExecuteReader(transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, SqlConnectionOwnership.External);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified
        /// SqlTransaction using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  SqlDataReader dr = ExecuteReader(trans, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReader(SqlTransaction transaction, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                return ExecuteReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        #endregion ExecuteReader

        #region ExecuteScalar

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset and takes no parameters) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrderCount");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalar(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteScalar(connectionString, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the database specified in the connection string 
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrderCount", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalar(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            // Create & open a SqlConnection, and dispose of it after we are done
            using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                connection.Open();

                // Call the overload that takes a connection in place of the connection string
                return ExecuteScalar(connection, commandType, commandText, commandParameters);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(connString, "GetOrderCount", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalar(string connectionString, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                return ExecuteScalar(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteScalar(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlConnection. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrderCount");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteScalar(connection, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrderCount", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");

            // Create a command and prepare it for execution
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

            bool mustCloseConnection = false;
            PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, (SqlTransaction)null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

            // Execute the command & return the results
            object retval = cmd.ExecuteScalar();

            // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
            cmd.Parameters.Clear();

            if (mustCloseConnection)
                connection.Close();

            return retval;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(conn, "GetOrderCount", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlConnection connection, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                return ExecuteScalar(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteScalar(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlTransaction. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrderCount");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteScalar(transaction, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrderCount", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");

            // Create a command and prepare it for execution
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            bool mustCloseConnection = false;
            PrepareCommand(cmd, transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

            // Execute the command & return the results
            object retval = cmd.ExecuteScalar();

            // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
            cmd.Parameters.Clear();
            return retval;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified
        /// SqlTransaction using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  int orderCount = (int)ExecuteScalar(trans, "GetOrderCount", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalar(SqlTransaction transaction, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // PPull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                return ExecuteScalar(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteScalar(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        #endregion ExecuteScalar    

        #region ExecuteXmlReader
        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlConnection. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  XmlReader r = ExecuteXmlReader(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command using "FOR XML AUTO"</param>
        /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReader(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteXmlReader(connection, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  XmlReader r = ExecuteXmlReader(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command using "FOR XML AUTO"</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReader(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");

            bool mustCloseConnection = false;
            // Create a command and prepare it for execution
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            try
            {
                PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, (SqlTransaction)null, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

                // Create the DataAdapter & DataSet
                XmlReader retval = cmd.ExecuteXmlReader();

                // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
                cmd.Parameters.Clear();

                return retval;
            }
            catch
            {
                if (mustCloseConnection)
                    connection.Close();
                throw;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  XmlReader r = ExecuteXmlReader(conn, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure using "FOR XML AUTO"</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReader(SqlConnection connection, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                return ExecuteXmlReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteXmlReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlTransaction. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  XmlReader r = ExecuteXmlReader(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command using "FOR XML AUTO"</param>
        /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReader(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText)
        {
            // Pass through the call providing null for the set of SqlParameters
            return ExecuteXmlReader(transaction, commandType, commandText, (SqlParameter[])null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  XmlReader r = ExecuteXmlReader(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command using "FOR XML AUTO"</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReader(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");

            // Create a command and prepare it for execution
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            bool mustCloseConnection = false;
            PrepareCommand(cmd, transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

            // Create the DataAdapter & DataSet
            XmlReader retval = cmd.ExecuteXmlReader();

            // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
            cmd.Parameters.Clear();
            return retval;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified 
        /// SqlTransaction using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  XmlReader r = ExecuteXmlReader(trans, "GetOrders", 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReader(SqlTransaction transaction, string spName, params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                return ExecuteXmlReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                return ExecuteXmlReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        #endregion ExecuteXmlReader

        #region FillDataset
        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  FillDataset(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"});
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
        /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
        /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)</param>
        public static void FillDataset(string connectionString, CommandType commandType, string commandText, DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (dataSet == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("dataSet");

            // Create & open a SqlConnection, and dispose of it after we are done
            using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                connection.Open();

                // Call the overload that takes a connection in place of the connection string
                FillDataset(connection, commandType, commandText, dataSet, tableNames);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in the connection string 
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  FillDataset(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"}, new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
        /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
        /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
        /// </param>
        public static void FillDataset(string connectionString, CommandType commandType,
            string commandText, DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
            params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (dataSet == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("dataSet");
            // Create & open a SqlConnection, and dispose of it after we are done
            using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                connection.Open();

                // Call the overload that takes a connection in place of the connection string
                FillDataset(connection, commandType, commandText, dataSet, tableNames, commandParameters);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  FillDataset(connString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"}, 24);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
        /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
        /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
        /// </param>    
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        public static void FillDataset(string connectionString, string spName,
            DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
            params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (dataSet == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("dataSet");
            // Create & open a SqlConnection, and dispose of it after we are done
            using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                connection.Open();

                // Call the overload that takes a connection in place of the connection string
                FillDataset(connection, spName, dataSet, tableNames, parameterValues);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlConnection. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  FillDataset(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"});
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
        /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
        /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
        /// </param>    
        public static void FillDataset(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType,
            string commandText, DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames)
        {
            FillDataset(connection, commandType, commandText, dataSet, tableNames, null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  FillDataset(conn, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"}, new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
        /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
        /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        public static void FillDataset(SqlConnection connection, CommandType commandType,
            string commandText, DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
            params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            FillDataset(connection, null, commandType, commandText, dataSet, tableNames, commandParameters);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  FillDataset(conn, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"}, 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
        /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
        /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        public static void FillDataset(SqlConnection connection, string spName,
            DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
            params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (dataSet == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("dataSet");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                FillDataset(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, dataSet, tableNames, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                FillDataset(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, dataSet, tableNames);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset and takes no parameters) against the provided SqlTransaction. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  FillDataset(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"});
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
        /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
        /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
        /// </param>
        public static void FillDataset(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType,
            string commandText,
            DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames)
        {
            FillDataset(transaction, commandType, commandText, dataSet, tableNames, null);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  FillDataset(trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"}, new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
        /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
        /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        public static void FillDataset(SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType,
            string commandText, DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
            params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            FillDataset(transaction.Connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, dataSet, tableNames, commandParameters);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified 
        /// SqlTransaction using the provided parameter values.  This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method provides no access to output parameters or the stored procedure‘s return value parameter.
        /// 
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  FillDataset(trans, "GetOrders", ds, new string[]{"orders"}, 24, 36);
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
        /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
        /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="parameterValues">An array of objects to be assigned as the input values of the stored procedure</param>
        public static void FillDataset(SqlTransaction transaction, string spName,
            DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
            params object[] parameterValues)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
            if (dataSet == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("dataSet");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((parameterValues != null) && (parameterValues.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

                // Assign the provided values to these parameters based on parameter order
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, parameterValues);

                // Call the overload that takes an array of SqlParameters
                FillDataset(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, dataSet, tableNames, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                // Otherwise we can just call the SP without params
                FillDataset(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, dataSet, tableNames);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Private helper method that execute a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction and SqlConnection
        /// using the provided parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  FillDataset(conn, trans, CommandType.StoredProcedure, "GetOrders", ds, new string[] {"orders"}, new SqlParameter("@prodid", 24));
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction</param>
        /// <param name="commandType">The CommandType (stored procedure, text, etc.)</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="dataSet">A dataset wich will contain the resultset generated by the command</param>
        /// <param name="tableNames">This array will be used to create table mappings allowing the DataTables to be referenced
        /// by a user defined name (probably the actual table name)
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters used to execute the command</param>
        private static void FillDataset(SqlConnection connection, SqlTransaction transaction, CommandType commandType,
            string commandText, DataSet dataSet, string[] tableNames,
            params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (dataSet == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("dataSet");

            // Create a command and prepare it for execution
            SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand();
            bool mustCloseConnection = false;
            PrepareCommand(command, connection, transaction, commandType, commandText, commandParameters, out mustCloseConnection);

            // Create the DataAdapter & DataSet
            using (SqlDataAdapter dataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(command))
            {

                // Add the table mappings specified by the user
                if (tableNames != null && tableNames.Length > 0)
                {
                    string tableName = "Table";
                    for (int index = 0; index < tableNames.Length; index++)
                    {
                        if (tableNames[index] == null || tableNames[index].Length == 0) throw new ArgumentException("The tableNames parameter must contain a list of tables, a value was provided as null or empty string.", "tableNames");
                        dataAdapter.TableMappings.Add(tableName, tableNames[index]);
                        tableName += (index + 1).ToString();
                    }
                }

                // Fill the DataSet using default values for DataTable names, etc
                dataAdapter.Fill(dataSet);

                // Detach the SqlParameters from the command object, so they can be used again
                command.Parameters.Clear();
            }

            if (mustCloseConnection)
                connection.Close();
        }
        #endregion

        #region UpdateDataset
        /// <summary>
        /// Executes the respective command for each inserted, updated, or deleted row in the DataSet.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  UpdateDataset(conn, insertCommand, deleteCommand, updateCommand, dataSet, "Order");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="insertCommand">A valid transact-SQL statement or stored procedure to insert new records into the data source</param>
        /// <param name="deleteCommand">A valid transact-SQL statement or stored procedure to delete records from the data source</param>
        /// <param name="updateCommand">A valid transact-SQL statement or stored procedure used to update records in the data source</param>
        /// <param name="dataSet">The DataSet used to update the data source</param>
        /// <param name="tableName">The DataTable used to update the data source.</param>
        public static void UpdateDataset(SqlCommand insertCommand, SqlCommand deleteCommand, SqlCommand updateCommand, DataSet dataSet, string tableName)
        {
            if (insertCommand == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("insertCommand");
            if (deleteCommand == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("deleteCommand");
            if (updateCommand == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("updateCommand");
            if (tableName == null || tableName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("tableName");

            // Create a SqlDataAdapter, and dispose of it after we are done
            using (SqlDataAdapter dataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter())
            {
                // Set the data adapter commands
                dataAdapter.UpdateCommand = updateCommand;
                dataAdapter.InsertCommand = insertCommand;
                dataAdapter.DeleteCommand = deleteCommand;

                // Update the dataset changes in the data source
                dataAdapter.Update(dataSet, tableName);

                // Commit all the changes made to the DataSet
                dataSet.AcceptChanges();
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region CreateCommand
        /// <summary>
        /// Simplify the creation of a Sql command object by allowing
        /// a stored procedure and optional parameters to be provided
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// e.g.:  
        ///  SqlCommand command = CreateCommand(conn, "AddCustomer", "CustomerID", "CustomerName");
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="sourceColumns">An array of string to be assigned as the source columns of the stored procedure parameters</param>
        /// <returns>A valid SqlCommand object</returns>
        public static SqlCommand CreateCommand(SqlConnection connection, string spName, params string[] sourceColumns)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // Create a SqlCommand
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(spName, connection);
            cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;

            // If we receive parameter values, we need to figure out where they go
            if ((sourceColumns != null) && (sourceColumns.Length > 0))
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

                // Assign the provided source columns to these parameters based on parameter order
                for (int index = 0; index < sourceColumns.Length; index++)
                    commandParameters[index].SourceColumn = sourceColumns[index];

                // Attach the discovered parameters to the SqlCommand object
                AttachParameters(cmd, commandParameters);
            }

            return cmd;
        }
        #endregion

        #region ExecuteNonQueryTypedParams
        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on row values.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQueryTypedParams(String connectionString, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.  
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on row values.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQueryTypedParams(SqlConnection connection, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns no resultset) against the specified
        /// SqlTransaction using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on row values.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>An int representing the number of rows affected by the command</returns>
        public static int ExecuteNonQueryTypedParams(SqlTransaction transaction, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // Sf the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region ExecuteDatasetTypedParams
        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on row values.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static DataSet ExecuteDatasetTypedParams(string connectionString, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            //If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the dataRow column values as the store procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on row values.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static DataSet ExecuteDatasetTypedParams(SqlConnection connection, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction 
        /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on row values.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>A dataset containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static DataSet ExecuteDatasetTypedParams(SqlTransaction transaction, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region ExecuteReaderTypedParams
        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReaderTypedParams(String connectionString, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReaderTypedParams(SqlConnection connection, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction 
        /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>A SqlDataReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static SqlDataReader ExecuteReaderTypedParams(SqlTransaction transaction, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region ExecuteScalarTypedParams
        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the database specified in 
        /// the connection string using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalarTypedParams(String connectionString, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(connectionString, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalarTypedParams(SqlConnection connection, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a 1x1 resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction
        /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>An object containing the value in the 1x1 resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static object ExecuteScalarTypedParams(SqlTransaction transaction, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region ExecuteXmlReaderTypedParams
        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlConnection 
        /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReaderTypedParams(SqlConnection connection, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteXmlReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteXmlReader(connection, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute a stored procedure via a SqlCommand (that returns a resultset) against the specified SqlTransaction 
        /// using the dataRow column values as the stored procedure‘s parameters values.
        /// This method will query the database to discover the parameters for the 
        /// stored procedure (the first time each stored procedure is called), and assign the values based on parameter order.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="transaction">A valid SqlTransaction object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="dataRow">The dataRow used to hold the stored procedure‘s parameter values.</param>
        /// <returns>An XmlReader containing the resultset generated by the command</returns>
        public static XmlReader ExecuteXmlReaderTypedParams(SqlTransaction transaction, String spName, DataRow dataRow)
        {
            if (transaction == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("transaction");
            if (transaction != null && transaction.Connection == null) throw new ArgumentException("The transaction was rollbacked or commited, please provide an open transaction.", "transaction");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            // If the row has values, the store procedure parameters must be initialized
            if (dataRow != null && dataRow.ItemArray.Length > 0)
            {
                // Pull the parameters for this stored procedure from the parameter cache (or discover them & populate the cache)
                SqlParameter[] commandParameters = SqlHelperParameterCache.GetSpParameterSet(transaction.Connection, spName);

                // Set the parameters values
                AssignParameterValues(commandParameters, dataRow);

                return SqlHelper.ExecuteXmlReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName, commandParameters);
            }
            else
            {
                return SqlHelper.ExecuteXmlReader(transaction, CommandType.StoredProcedure, spName);
            }
        }
        #endregion

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// SqlHelperParameterCache provides functions to leverage a static cache of procedure parameters, and the
    /// ability to discover parameters for stored procedures at run-time.
    /// </summary>
    public sealed class SqlHelperParameterCache
    {
        #region private methods, variables, and constructors

        //Since this class provides only static methods, make the default constructor private to prevent 
        //instances from being created with "new SqlHelperParameterCache()"
        private SqlHelperParameterCache() { }

        private static Hashtable paramCache = Hashtable.Synchronized(new Hashtable());

        /// <summary>
        /// Resolve at run time the appropriate set of SqlParameters for a stored procedure
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="includeReturnValueParameter">Whether or not to include their return value parameter</param>
        /// <returns>The parameter array discovered.</returns>
        private static SqlParameter[] DiscoverSpParameterSet(SqlConnection connection, string spName, bool includeReturnValueParameter)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(spName, connection);
            cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;

            connection.Open();
            SqlCommandBuilder.DeriveParameters(cmd);
            connection.Close();

            if (!includeReturnValueParameter)
            {
                cmd.Parameters.RemoveAt(0);
            }

            SqlParameter[] discoveredParameters = new SqlParameter[cmd.Parameters.Count];

            cmd.Parameters.CopyTo(discoveredParameters, 0);

            // Init the parameters with a DBNull value
            foreach (SqlParameter discoveredParameter in discoveredParameters)
            {
                discoveredParameter.Value = DBNull.Value;
            }
            return discoveredParameters;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Deep copy of cached SqlParameter array
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="originalParameters"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static SqlParameter[] CloneParameters(SqlParameter[] originalParameters)
        {
            SqlParameter[] clonedParameters = new SqlParameter[originalParameters.Length];

            for (int i = 0, j = originalParameters.Length; i < j; i++)
            {
                clonedParameters[i] = (SqlParameter)((ICloneable)originalParameters[i]).Clone();
            }

            return clonedParameters;
        }

        #endregion private methods, variables, and constructors

        #region caching functions

        /// <summary>
        /// Add parameter array to the cache
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <param name="commandParameters">An array of SqlParamters to be cached</param>
        public static void CacheParameterSet(string connectionString, string commandText, params SqlParameter[] commandParameters)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (commandText == null || commandText.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("commandText");

            string hashKey = connectionString + ":" + commandText;

            paramCache[hashKey] = commandParameters;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieve a parameter array from the cache
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">The stored procedure name or T-SQL command</param>
        /// <returns>An array of SqlParamters</returns>
        public static SqlParameter[] GetCachedParameterSet(string connectionString, string commandText)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (commandText == null || commandText.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("commandText");

            string hashKey = connectionString + ":" + commandText;

            SqlParameter[] cachedParameters = paramCache[hashKey] as SqlParameter[];
            if (cachedParameters == null)
            {
                return null;
            }
            else
            {
                return CloneParameters(cachedParameters);
            }
        }

        #endregion caching functions

        #region Parameter Discovery Functions

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves the set of SqlParameters appropriate for the stored procedure
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method will query the database for this information, and then store it in a cache for future requests.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>An array of SqlParameters</returns>
        public static SqlParameter[] GetSpParameterSet(string connectionString, string spName)
        {
            return GetSpParameterSet(connectionString, spName, false);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves the set of SqlParameters appropriate for the stored procedure
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method will query the database for this information, and then store it in a cache for future requests.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connectionString">A valid connection string for a SqlConnection</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="includeReturnValueParameter">A bool value indicating whether the return value parameter should be included in the results</param>
        /// <returns>An array of SqlParameters</returns>
        public static SqlParameter[] GetSpParameterSet(string connectionString, string spName, bool includeReturnValueParameter)
        {
            if (connectionString == null || connectionString.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("connectionString");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                return GetSpParameterSetInternal(connection, spName, includeReturnValueParameter);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves the set of SqlParameters appropriate for the stored procedure
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method will query the database for this information, and then store it in a cache for future requests.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <returns>An array of SqlParameters</returns>
        internal static SqlParameter[] GetSpParameterSet(SqlConnection connection, string spName)
        {
            return GetSpParameterSet(connection, spName, false);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves the set of SqlParameters appropriate for the stored procedure
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This method will query the database for this information, and then store it in a cache for future requests.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="includeReturnValueParameter">A bool value indicating whether the return value parameter should be included in the results</param>
        /// <returns>An array of SqlParameters</returns>
        internal static SqlParameter[] GetSpParameterSet(SqlConnection connection, string spName, bool includeReturnValueParameter)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            using (SqlConnection clonedConnection = (SqlConnection)((ICloneable)connection).Clone())
            {
                return GetSpParameterSetInternal(clonedConnection, spName, includeReturnValueParameter);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieves the set of SqlParameters appropriate for the stored procedure
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connection">A valid SqlConnection object</param>
        /// <param name="spName">The name of the stored procedure</param>
        /// <param name="includeReturnValueParameter">A bool value indicating whether the return value parameter should be included in the results</param>
        /// <returns>An array of SqlParameters</returns>
        private static SqlParameter[] GetSpParameterSetInternal(SqlConnection connection, string spName, bool includeReturnValueParameter)
        {
            if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("connection");
            if (spName == null || spName.Length == 0) throw new ArgumentNullException("spName");

            string hashKey = connection.ConnectionString + ":" + spName + (includeReturnValueParameter ? ":include ReturnValue Parameter" : "");

            SqlParameter[] cachedParameters;

            cachedParameters = paramCache[hashKey] as SqlParameter[];
            if (cachedParameters == null)
            {
                SqlParameter[] spParameters = DiscoverSpParameterSet(connection, spName, includeReturnValueParameter);
                paramCache[hashKey] = spParameters;
                cachedParameters = spParameters;
            }

            return CloneParameters(cachedParameters);
        }

        #endregion Parameter Discovery Functions

    }
}

DBHelper

　　其中的难点就是获取每个好友分组下的好友，需要在程序中做些处理。比如你的DataSet结果是这样的。

技术分享

　　需要做的业务处理就是，将第三个表中的每条好友信息对应到相应的好友分组中。（里面的字段是视图字段，非单张表）

　　至于数据灵活，肯定是只获取当前登录的用户好友，好友分组，群组等信息，所以，参数有一个用户id就可以了。（当然，是否合法登录的需要验证一下，登录逻辑就不介绍了。）

　　下面就是写对应接口了，打开UI项目，项目用的是MVC，新建 LayimApiController。代码如下：

        [HttpGet]
        [ActionName("base")]
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取基本列表 layimapi/base
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userid"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public JsonResult GetBaseList(int userid)
        {
            var result = LayimUserBLL.Instance.GetChatRoomBaseInfo(userid);
            return Json(result, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
        }

        [HttpGet]
        [ActionName("member")]
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取群组员信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="groupid"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public JsonResult GetMembersList(int id)
        {
            var result = LayimUserBLL.Instance.GetGroupMembers(id);
            return Json(result, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);

        }

GetChatRoomBaseInfo 核心代码如下：（其中就做了业务处理，将好友对应到好友分组中）

                //当前用户的信息
                var rowMine = ds.Tables[0].Rows[0];
                //用户组信息
                var rowFriendDetails = ds.Tables[2].Rows.Cast<DataRow>().Select(x => new GroupUserEntity
                {
                    id = x["uid"].ToInt(),
                    avatar = x["avatar"].ToString(),
                    groupid = x["gid"].ToInt(),
                    remarkname = x["remarkname"].ToString(),
                    username = x["nickname"].ToString(),
                    sign = x["sign"].ToString(),
                    status = ""
                });
                //用户组信息，执行分组
                var friend = ds.Tables[1].Rows.Cast<DataRow>().Select(x => new FriendGroupEntity
                {
                    id = x["id"].ToInt(),
                    groupname = x["name"].ToString(),
                    online = 0,
                    list = rowFriendDetails.Where(f => f.groupid == x["id"].ToInt()) //根据groupid过滤
                });
                //群组信息
                var group = ds.Tables[3].Rows.Cast<DataRow>().Select(x => new GroupEntity
                {
                    id = x["id"].ToInt(),
                    groupname = x["name"].ToString(),
                    avatar = x["avatar"].ToString(),
                    groupdesc = x["groupdesc"].ToString()
                });
　　　　　　　　　//最后这一部分很清晰了，mine，friend，group和layim中的接口定义字段一样
                BaseListResult result = new BaseListResult
                {
                    mine = new UserEntity
                    {
                        id = rowMine["id"].ToInt(),
                        avatar = rowMine["avatar"].ToString(),
                        sign = rowMine["sign"].ToString(),
                        username = rowMine["nickname"].ToString(),
                        status = "online"
                    },
                    friend = friend,
                    group = group
                };
                return result;

接口写完了，我们只要将demo中的url改一下就可以了。


哦了，到这里已经接近尾声了。我们看一下效果吧。先看接口返回数据：

　　其中remarkname，是我自己加的字段，就是为了实现类似好友备注的功能。这个数据已经符合layim接口数据了，看一下界面效果。


数据格式对了，毋庸置疑界面肯定是正确的啦。可以看到我暂时没有群组，不过不用担心，我们从数据库里加几条就可以了，刷新一下页面



　　随着最后一张图上传完毕，本篇就接近尾声了，总结一下。本篇内容包括以下几点

　　1.json格式解析
　　2.建立业务模型
　　3.数据库基础知识
　　4.MVC的一些使用

　　慢慢一步一步来是不是就感觉好很多呢，对我的博客有任何建议或者意见或者有问题的同学请在评论区留言，我看到了都会为大家一一解答。有些地方讲解的可能不太清晰，请包涵。