标签：读书
2016.8.14 21:40-22:10
1.3 FRICTION BETWEEN UNIX AND LINUX
1.3 UNIX他Linux之间的摩擦
Because they are similar, this book covers both UNIX and Linux systems. Unfortunately, mentioning UNIX and Linux together in the same sentence can sometimes be like stepping into a political minefield, or perhaps blundering into a large patch of quicksand. But since the relationship between UNIX and Linux seems to engender some confusion as well as animosity, it’s hard to avoid staking out a position. Here is our perspective and our short version of the facts.
因为UNIX和Linux系统颇为相似，所以本书会同时讲解这两种系统的管理。遗憾的是，在一句话里同时用UNIX和Linux这两个称谓，就仿佛一脚踏入了政治漩涡，或许也像是陷入了一大片泥潭。不过，既然UNIX和Linux之间的关系似乎呈现出某些混淆和冲突，所以要避开不谈我们的立场也比较困难。下面是我们的观点，还有我们对事实的简要说明。
Linux is a reimplementation and elaboration of the UNIX kernel. It conforms to the POSIX standard, runs on several hardware platforms, and is compatible with most existing UNIX software. It differs from many—but not all—variants of UNIX in that it is free, open source, and cooperatively developed. Linux includes technical advances that did not exist in UNIX, so it is more than just a UNIX clone. At the same time, traditional UNIX vendors have continued to refine their systems, so there are certainly areas in which commercial UNIX systems are superior to Linux.
Linux重新实现并优化了UNIX内核。Linux遵循POSIX标准，能够在几种硬件平台上运行，兼容现有的大多数UNIX软件。它同大多数（但不是全部）别的UNIX变体不一样，区别之处在于，它是自由的，开放源代码的，而且是由成百上千不同的个人和组织无私奉献协同开发出来的。与此同时，传统的UNIX厂商则继续改善自己的系统，所以肯定存在一些领域，在这些领域内，商业UNIX系统比Linux强。
Whatever the relative merits of the systems, Linux is a legally, developmentally, and historically distinct entity that cannot properly be referred to as “UNIX” or as a “version of UNIX.” To do so is to slight the work and innovation of the Linux community. At the same time, it’s somewhat misleading to insist that Linux is “not UNIX.” If your creation walks like a duck and quacks like a duck, you may have invented a duck.
无论两种系统有什么相对而言的优缺点，Linux从法律上、从开发上以及从历史上看，都和UNIX有着明显的区别，因此不能把Linux称为UNIX，或者UNIX的一种版本。这样做会忽视Linux社区所做的工作和创新。同时坚持认为Linux不是UNIX的话，又会有点误导性。如果做出来的东西走路像鸭子，叫起来也像鸭子，那或许可以说，造的就是鸭子！这是的意思是，不能因为Linux像UNIX，就把Linux当成UNIX。
本文出自 “赵东伟的博客” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://zhaodongwei.blog.51cto.com/4233742/1837888
标签：读书
原文地址：http://zhaodongwei.blog.51cto.com/4233742/1837888
