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//根据Bean名称，向容器获取指定名称的Bean
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
return getBeanFactory().getBean(name);
}
//根据Bean名称和类型，向容器获取指定名称和类型的Bean
public <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {
return getBeanFactory().getBean(name, requiredType);
}
//根据Bean的类型，向容器获取指定类型的Bean
public <T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {
return getBeanFactory().getBean(requiredType);
}
//根据Bean名称和一些指定参数，向IoC容器获取符合条件的Bean
public Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException {
return getBeanFactory().getBean(name, args);
}
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}
public <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, requiredType, null, false);
}
public Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, null, args, false);
}
public <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType, Object... args) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, requiredType, args, false);
}
//真正实现向IoC容器获取Bean的功能，也是触发依赖注入功能的地方
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
protected <T> T doGetBean(
final String name, final Class<T> requiredType, final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)
throws BeansException {
//根据指定的名称获取被管理Bean的名称，剥离指定名称中对容器的相关依赖如果指定的是别名，将别名转换为规范的Bean名称
final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
Object bean;
//先从缓存中取是否已经有被创建过的单态类型的Bean，对于单态模式的Bean整个IoC容器中只创建一次，不需要重复创建
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
//IoC容器创建单态模式Bean实例对象
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
//如果指定名称的Bean在容器中已有单态模式的Bean被创建，直接返回已经创建的Bean
if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
}
else {
logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
}
//获取给定Bean的实例对象，主要是完成FactoryBean的相关处理
//注意：BeanFactory是管理容器中Bean的工厂，而FactoryBean是创建创建对象的工厂Bean，两者之间有区别
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
}
else {//缓存没有正在创建的单态模式Bean
//缓存中已经有已经创建的原型模式Bean，但是由于循环引用的问题导致实例化对象失败
if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
//对IoC容器中是否存在指定名称的BeanDefinition进行检查，首先检查是否能在当前的BeanFactory中获取的所需要的Bean，如果不能则委托当前容器
//的父级容器去查找，如果还是找不到则沿着容器的继承体系向父级容器查找
BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
//当前容器的父级容器存在，且当前容器中不存在指定名称的Bean
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
//解析指定Bean名称的原始名称
String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
if (args != null) {
//委派父级容器根据指定名称和显式的参数查找
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
}
else {
//委派父级容器根据指定名称和类型查找
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
}
}
//创建的Bean是否需要进行类型验证，一般不需要
if (!typeCheckOnly) {
//向容器标记指定的Bean已经被创建
markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
}
//根据指定Bean名称获取其父级的Bean定义，主要解决Bean继承时子类合并父类公共属性问题
final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
//获取当前Bean所有依赖Bean的名称
String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
//如果当前Bean有依赖Bean
if (dependsOn != null) {
for (String dependsOnBean : dependsOn) {
//递归调用getBean方法，获取当前Bean的依赖Bean
getBean(dependsOnBean);
//把被依赖Bean注册给当前依赖的Bean
registerDependentBean(dependsOnBean, beanName);
}
}
//创建单态模式Bean的实例对象
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
//这里使用了一个匿名内部类，创建Bean实例对象，并且注册给所依赖的对象
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, new ObjectFactory() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
try {
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//创建一个指定Bean实例对象，如果有父级继承，则合并子类和父类的定义
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
//显式地从容器单态模式Bean缓存中清除实例对象
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
}
});
//获取给定Bean的实例对象
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
//IoC容器创建原型模式Bean实例对象
else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
//原型模式(Prototype)是每次都会创建一个新的对象
Object prototypeInstance = null;
try {
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//回调beforePrototypeCreation方法，默认的功能是注册当前创建的原型对象
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
//创建指定Bean对象实例
prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//回调afterPrototypeCreation方法，默认的功能告诉IoC容器指//定Bean的原型对象不再创建了
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
//获取给定Bean的实例对象
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
//要创建的Bean既不是单态模式，也不是原型模式，则根据Bean定义资源中的生命周期范围，选择实例化Bean的合适方法，这种在Web应用程序中
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//比较常用，如：request、session、application等生命周期
else {
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
//Bean定义资源中没有配置生命周期范围，则Bean定义不合法
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope '" + scopeName + "'");
}
try {
//这里又使用了一个匿名内部类，获取一个指定生命周期范围的实例
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, new ObjectFactory() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
}
});
//获取给定Bean的实例对象
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; " +
"consider defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
ex);
}
}
}
//对创建的Bean实例对象进行类型检查
if (requiredType != null && bean != null && !requiredType.isAssignableFrom(bean.getClass())) {
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
return (T) bean;
} 这里面有几个地方要好好看一下：protected Object createBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
//判断需要创建的Bean是否可以实例化，即是否可以通过当前的类加载器加载
resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
//校验和准备Bean中的方法覆盖
try {
mbd.prepareMethodOverrides();
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbd.getResourceDescription(),
beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
}
try {
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//如果Bean配置了初始化前和初始化后的处理器，则试图返回一个需要创建Bean的代理对象
Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbd);
if (bean != null) {
return bean;
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
//创建Bean的入口
Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbd, args);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
return beanInstance;
} 上面的代码只是对Bean进行了一些检测和其他处理，具体的代码还要看doCreateBean()方法。protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args) {
//封装被创建的Bean对象
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()){//单态模式的Bean，先从容器中缓存中获取同名Bean
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
//创建实例对象
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
final Object bean = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance() : null);
//获取实例化对象的类型
Class beanType = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass() : null);
//调用PostProcessor后置处理器
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
//向容器中缓存单态模式的Bean对象，以防循环引用
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
}
//这里是一个匿名内部类，为了防止循环引用，尽早持有对象的引用
addSingletonFactory(beanName, new ObjectFactory() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
return getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean);
}
});
}
//Bean对象的初始化，依赖注入在此触发
//这个exposedObject在初始化完成之后返回作为依赖注入完成后的Bean
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
//将Bean实例对象封装，并且Bean定义中配置的属性值赋值给实例对象
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
if (exposedObject != null) {
//初始化Bean对象
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
}
else {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
}
}
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
//获取指定名称的已注册的单态模式Bean对象
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
//根据名称获取的以注册的Bean和正在实例化的Bean是同一个
if (exposedObject == bean) {
//当前实例化的Bean初始化完成
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
//当前Bean依赖其他Bean，并且当发生循环引用时不允许新创建实例对象
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<String>(dependentBeans.length);
//获取当前Bean所依赖的其他Bean
for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
//对依赖Bean进行类型检查
if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
//注册完成依赖注入的Bean
try {
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
}
return exposedObject;
} 上面的代码有两个关键的地方：createBeanInstance：创建对象的方法；populateBean：完成属性注入，初始化依赖注入等。我们重点关注createBeanInstance方法。protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object[] args) {
//检查确认Bean是可实例化的
Class beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
//使用工厂方法对Bean进行实例化
if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
}
if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
//调用工厂方法实例化
return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
}
//使用容器的自动装配方法进行实例化
boolean resolved = false;
boolean autowireNecessary = false;
if (args == null) {
synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
resolved = true;
autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
}
}
}
if (resolved) {
if (autowireNecessary) {
//配置了自动装配属性，使用容器的自动装配实例化容器的自动装配是根据参数类型匹配Bean的构造方法
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
}
else {
//使用默认的无参构造方法实例化
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
}
//使用Bean的构造方法进行实例化
Constructor[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
if (ctors != null ||
mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
//使用容器的自动装配特性，调用匹配的构造方法实例化
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
}
//使用默认的无参构造方法实例化
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
//使用默认的无参构造方法实例化Bean对象
protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
try {
Object beanInstance;
final BeanFactory parent = this;
//获取系统的安全管理接口，JDK标准的安全管理API
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
//这里是一个匿名内置类，根据实例化策略创建实例对象
beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
public Object run() {
return getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
}
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
//将实例化的对象封装起来
beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
}
BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
initBeanWrapper(bw);
return bw;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
} 上面的代码我们可以看到，对于通过工厂方法和自动装配的Bean的实例化比较清晰，调用具体的工厂方法和参数匹配构造方法就可完成对象的创建（具体的方法不public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
//如果Bean定义中没有方法覆盖，则就不需要CGLIB父类类的方法
if (beanDefinition.getMethodOverrides().isEmpty()) {
Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
synchronized (beanDefinition.constructorArgumentLock) {
//获取对象的构造方法或工厂方法
constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) beanDefinition.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
//如果没有构造方法且没有工厂方法
if (constructorToUse == null) {
//使用JDK的反射机制，判断要实例化的Bean是否是接口
final Class clazz = beanDefinition.getBeanClass();
if (clazz.isInterface()) {
throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
}
try {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
//这里是一个匿名内置类，使用反射机制获取Bean的构造方法
constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor>() {
public Constructor run() throws Exception {
return clazz.getDeclaredConstructor((Class[]) null);
}
});
}
else {
constructorToUse = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor((Class[]) null);
}
beanDefinition.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
}
catch (Exception ex) {
throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
}
}
}
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span> //使用BeanUtils实例化，通过反射机制调用”构造方法.newInstance(arg)”来进行实例化
return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
}
else {
//使用CGLIB来实例化对象
return instantiateWithMethodInjection(beanDefinition, beanName, owner);
}
} 在这里我们可以看到，是通过是否有方法替换来决定是采用反射还算采用CGLIB方法实例对象。这里我要多一点：beanDefinition.getMethodOverrides()这个地方取到的值是我们在解析BeanDefinition的lookup-method和replace-method，忘记的同学可以返回到BeanDefinitionParserDelegate类的parseBeanDefinitionElement方法中查看parseLookupOverrideSubElements(ele,
bd.getMethodOverrides())和parseReplacedMethodSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides())子方法。也就是说，如果bean中有配置这两个属性，我们就采取cglib方法创建对象，如果没有，就采用无参构造器方法创建对象。具体的创建方法，大家具体去看下，我目前还不是能说的太明白。<lookup-method bean=”原型bean的id” name=”方法名称”/>
<replaced-method name=”被替换的方法” replacer=”替换类，该类必须实现MethodReplacer接口”>
<arg-type></arg-type>//如果这个被替换的方法被重载了，那么必须写arg-type
</replaced-method><arg-type match=”String”></arg-type>,这样才会被解析成一个为String类型的参数，而<arg-type>String</arg-type>这样只会被解析成拦截只有一个参数的某方法。【Spring源码--IOC容器的实现】（五）Bean对象的创建
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原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/u013185616/article/details/52279363
