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python day19

时间：2016-09-16 12:46:15      阅读：236      评论：0      收藏：0      [点我收藏+]

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form 验证时，会根据设置报错

urls.py
    from django.conf.urls import url
    from django.contrib import admin
    from app01 import views

    urlpatterns = [
        url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
        url(r‘^login/‘, views.login),
    ]

 

 

views.py
    from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse

    # Create your views here.
    from django import forms

    class LoginForm(forms.Form):
        user = forms.CharField(required=True)
        pwd = forms.CharField(required=True)

    import json
    def login(request):
        if request.method == ‘POST‘:
            result = {‘status‘: False, ‘message‘: None}
            obj = LoginForm(request.POST)
            ret = obj.is_valid()
            if ret:
                print(obj.clean())
                result[‘status‘] = True
            else:
                from django.forms.utils import ErrorDict
                #print(type(obj.errors),obj.errors.as_json())
                error_str = obj.errors.as_json()
                result[‘message‘] = json.loads(error_str)
            return HttpResponse(json.dumps(result))
        return render(request, ‘login.html‘)

 

 

settings.py
    MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = [
        ‘django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware‘,
        #‘django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware‘,
    ]
   

    STATIC_URL = ‘/static/‘
    STATICFILES_DIRS = (
        os.path.join(BASE_DIR,‘static‘),
    )

 

 


login.html
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
        <style>
            .error-msg{
                color: red;
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div>
            <div>
                <input type="text" name="user" />

            </div>
            <div>
                <input type="password" name="pwd" />
            </div>
            <input type="button" value="提交" onclick="DoSubmit();" />
        </div>
        <script src="/static/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>
        <script>
            function DoSubmit(){
                var input_dict = {};
                $(‘input‘).each(function(){
                    var v = $(this).val();
                    var n = $(this).attr(‘name‘);
                    input_dict[n] = v;
                });
                console.log(input_dict);
                $(‘.error-msg‘).remove();
                $.ajax({
                    url: ‘/login/‘,
                    type: ‘POST‘,
                    data: input_dict,
                    dataType: ‘json‘,
                    success: function (result) {
                        if(result.status){
                            location.href = ‘/index/‘;
                        }else{

                            $.each(result.message, function (k,v) {
                                console.log(k,v[0].message);
                                // <span class="error-msg">错误信息</span>
                                var tag = document.createElement(‘span‘);
                                tag.className = ‘error-msg‘;
                                tag.innerText = v[0].message;
                                // input[name="user"]
                                $(‘input[name="‘ + k + ‘"]‘).after(tag);
                            })
                        }
                    },
                    error: function () {

                    }
                })
            }
        </script>
    </body>
    </html>

 

 

   
访问
    http://127.0.0.1:8000/login/

 

 

 

 

 


CSRF   从COOKIE中调取存入


urls.py
    from django.conf.urls import url
    from django.contrib import admin
    from app01 import views

    urlpatterns = [
        url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
        url(r‘^login/‘, views.login),
        url(r‘^csrf/‘, views.csrf),
    ]

 

settings.py
    MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = [
        ‘django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware‘,
        ‘django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware‘,
    ]

 

 


   
static
    jquery.cookie.js
   

   
   
views.py
    from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse

    # Create your views here.
    from django import forms
    from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
    import re
    def mobile_validate(value):
        mobile_re = re.compile(r‘^(13[0-9]|15[012356789]|17[678]|18[0-9]|14[57])[0-9]{8}$‘)
        if not mobile_re.match(value):
            raise ValidationError(‘手机号码格式错误‘)

    class LoginForm(forms.Form):
        user = forms.CharField(required=True, error_messages={‘required‘: ‘用户名不能为空.‘})
        pwd = forms.CharField(required=True,
                              min_length=6,
                              max_length=10,
                              error_messages={‘required‘: ‘密码不能为空.‘, ‘min_length‘: "至少6位"})

        num = forms.IntegerField(error_messages={‘required‘: ‘数字不能空.‘,‘invalid‘: ‘必须输入数字‘})

        phone = forms.CharField(validators=[mobile_validate, ],)

        #test = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea(attrs={‘class‘: ‘c1‘}))
        test_choices = (
            (0, ‘上海‘),
            (1, ‘背景‘),
        )
        test = forms.IntegerField(widget=forms.Select(choices=test_choices))

    def login(request):
        if request.POST:
            objPost = LoginForm(request.POST)
            ret = objPost.is_valid()
            if ret:
                print(objPost.clean())
            else:
                from django.forms.utils import ErrorDict
                #print(type(obj.errors),obj.errors.as_json())
                # obj1.errors
                pass
            return render(request, ‘login.html‘,{‘obj1‘: objPost})
        else:
            objGet = LoginForm()
            return render(request, ‘login.html‘,{‘obj1‘: objGet})

    def csrf(request):

        return render(request,‘csrf.html‘)   
   
   
   


csrf.html
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
            <form action="/csrf/" method="post">
                {% csrf_token %}
                <input type="text" name="v" />
                <input type="submit" value="提交" />
            </form>

            <input type="button"  value="Ajax提交" onclick="DoAjax();" />
            <script src="/static/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>
            <script src="/static/jquery.cookie.js"></script>
        <script>
            // 去cookie中获取值
            var csrftoken = $.cookie(‘csrftoken‘);

            function csrfSafeMethod(method) {
                // these HTTP methods do not require CSRF protection
                return (/^(GET|HEAD|OPTIONS|TRACE)$/.test(method));
            }
            $.ajaxSetup({
                beforeSend: function(xhr, settings) {
                    if (!csrfSafeMethod(settings.type) && !this.crossDomain) {
                        xhr.setRequestHeader("X-CSRFToken", csrftoken);
                    }
                }
            });
            function DoAjax(){
                $.ajax({
                    url: ‘/csrf/‘,
                    type: ‘POST‘,
                    data: {‘k1‘: ‘v1‘},
                    success: function (data) {
                        console.log(data);
                    }
                })
            }
        </script>

    </body>
    </html>   
   
   
   
   
访问
    http://127.0.0.1:8000/csrf/
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
session 验证登录
    urls.py
        from django.conf.urls import url
        from django.contrib import admin
        from app01 import views

        urlpatterns = [
            url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
            url(r‘^login/‘, views.login),
            url(r‘^csrf/‘, views.csrf),
            url(r‘^session_index/‘, views.session_index),
            url(r‘^session_login/‘, views.session_login),
            url(r‘^session_logout/‘, views.session_logout),
        ]

           
   
    views.py
        USER_LIST = [‘alex‘,‘eric‘,‘wangminglong‘,‘hu‘]

        def session_login(request):
            if request.method == ‘POST‘:
                u = request.POST.get(‘user‘)
                p = request.POST.get(‘pwd‘)
                if p == ‘123‘ and u in USER_LIST:
                    request.session[‘user‘] = u
                    return redirect(‘/session_index/‘)
            return render(request,‘session_login.html‘)

 

        def auth(func):
            def inner(request,*args,**kwargs):
                user = request.session.get(‘user‘,None)
                if not user:
                    return redirect(‘/session_login/‘)
                return func(request,*args,**kwargs)
            return inner

        @auth
        def session_index(request):
            user = request.session.get(‘user‘,None)
            return render(request,‘session_index.html‘,{‘user‘:user})

        @auth
        def session_logout(request):
            del request.session[‘user‘]
            return redirect(‘/session_login/‘)

   
   
    settings.py
        MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = [
            ‘django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware‘,
            ‘django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware‘,
            ‘django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware‘,
            # ‘django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware‘,
            ‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware‘,
            ‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware‘,
            ‘django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware‘,
            ‘django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware‘,
        ]
           
           
    session_login.html
        <!DOCTYPE html>
        <html lang="en">
        <head>
            <meta charset="UTF-8">
            <title></title>
        </head>
        <body>
            <form action="/session_login/"  method="POST">
                <input type="text" name="user">
                <input type="text" name="pwd">
                <input type="submit" value="提交" />
            </form>
        </body>
        </html>
           
   
    session_index.html
        <!DOCTYPE html>
        <html lang="en">
        <head>
            <meta charset="UTF-8">
            <title></title>
        </head>
        <body>
            <h1>欢迎：{{ user }}登录</h1>

            <a href="/session_logout/">注销</a>
        </body>
        </html>
   
   
   
    同步数据
        python3 manage.py makemigrations
        python3 manage.py migrate
   
   
    访问
        http://127.0.0.1:8000/session_login/       用户名密码  hu/123 跳转index
       
       
       

 

 

 

 


Django数据库的使用(sqlite)
    1，创建项目，名为sqliteTest
        django-admin startproject sqliteTest 
        cd sqliteTest/ 
        django-admin startapp sqTest 


    2，将新建的应用添加到项目下的sqliteTest文件夹中的settings.py中，告诉Django有sqTest这个应用
     setting.py中有一个属性INSTALLED_APPS，将sqTest填入。
        INSTALLED_APPS = [ 
            ‘django.contrib.admin‘, 
            ‘django.contrib.auth‘, 
            ‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘, 
            ‘django.contrib.sessions‘, 
            ‘django.contrib.messages‘, 
            ‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘, 
         
            ‘sqTest’ 
        ] 
   
    3，在sqTest文件夹的models中添加需要的数据的类。比如我需要一些NBA球员的数据，所以我创建一个Player类，
    里面包含几个属性，分别为姓名，年龄，位置，号码。
    其中，CharField表示该属性应该为一个字段，IntegerField表示该属性为一个整数。max_length表示最大长度。   
    models.py
        class Player(models.Model): 
            name = models.CharField(max_length=30) 
            age = models.IntegerField() 
            position = models.CharField(max_length=10) 
            number = models.IntegerField() 
       
   
    4.创建表同步数据
        python manage.py makemigrations 
        python manage.py migrate 
           
       
   
    5，终端查看
        使用python manage.py shell进入命令行，之后读取Player
        >>> Player.objects.all() 
        <QuerySet []> 
        >>> Player.objects.create(name="Curry", age=28, position="G", number=30) 
        <Player: Player object> 
        出现<Player: Player object>。但是此时打印出来的数据可读性不强，所以退出命令行，在model中添加一个__str__方法，增加可读性。
        def __str__(self): 
            return self.name 
               
        此时再次进入命令行，读取Player
        >>> from sqTest.models import Player 
        >>> Player.objects.all() 
        <QuerySet [<Player: Curry>]> 
       
    6，添加数据库，除了上面一种方法，还有两种方法创建。
        (1)创建一个Person类的实例，给实例的属性赋值，最后使用save()方法将实例存入数据库。
        >>> player = Player(name="Durant") 
        >>> player.age = 28 
        >>> player.position = "F" 
        >>> player.number = 35 
        >>> player.save() 
        >>> Player.objects.all() 
        <QuerySet [<Player: Curry>, <Player: Durant>]>        
        (2)使用get_or_create创建，防止重复，如果插入相同的，会失败。如果如果只用create，会使表中有两个相同的数据       
        >>> Player.objects.get_or_create(name="Curry", age=28, position="G", number=30) 
        (<Player: Curry>, False) 
       
    7，获取对象
        (1)，获取该数据表所有数据：   
        >>> Player.objects.all()
        (2),get方法，只能获取一个值，如果获取的值有两个，会失败
        >>> Player.objects.get(name="Durant") 
        <Player: Durant> 
        >>> Player.objects.get(age=28) 
        sqTest.models.MultipleObjectsReturned: get() returned more than one Player -- it 
         returned 2! 
        (3)，filter筛选多个
        >>> Player.objects.filter(age=28) 
        <QuerySet [<Player: Curry>, <Player: Durant> 
       
       
       
       
       
Django数据库实用(sqlite)       
    1，创建项目，名为sqliteTest
    django-admin startproject sqliteTest 
    cd sqliteTest/ 
    django-admin startapp sqTest     
   
   
    2，将新建的应用添加到项目下的sqliteTest文件夹中的settings.py中，告诉Django有sqTest这个应用
     setting.py中有一个属性INSTALLED_APPS，将sqTest填入。
        INSTALLED_APPS = [ 
            ‘django.contrib.admin‘, 
            ‘django.contrib.auth‘, 
            ‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘, 
            ‘django.contrib.sessions‘, 
            ‘django.contrib.messages‘, 
            ‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘, 
         
            ‘sqTest’ 
        ] 
   
    3，在sqTest文件夹的models中添加需要的数据的类。比如我需要一些NBA球员的数据，所以我创建一个Player类，
    里面包含几个属性，分别为姓名，年龄，位置，号码。
    其中，CharField表示该属性应该为一个字段，IntegerField表示该属性为一个整数。max_length表示最大长度。   
    models.py
        class Player(models.Model): 
            name = models.CharField(max_length=30) 
            age = models.IntegerField() 
            position = models.CharField(max_length=10) 
            number = models.IntegerField() 
       
   
    4.创建表同步数据
        python manage.py makemigrations 
        python manage.py migrate     
       
       
       
       
    5.路由系统配置
    urls.py
        from sqlTest import views

        urlpatterns = [
            url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
            url(r‘^showpage/‘, views.showpage),     #加url访问页面
        ]
   
       
    6.业务处理
    views.py
        from sqlTest import models
        # Create your views here.
        def showpage(request):                      #与url访问一致
            data_list = models.Player.objects.all()
            return render(request, ‘showpage.html‘, {‘data‘: data_list})
           
   
   
   
   
    7.页面html
    template/showpage.html
        <!DOCTYPE html>
        <html lang="en">
        <head>
            <meta charset="UTF-8">
            <title>Title</title>
        </head>
        <body>
            {% for line in data %}
                <tr>
                    <td>{{ line.name }}</td>
                    <td>{{ line.age }}</td>
                    <td>{{ line.position }}</td>
                    <td>{{ line.number }}</td>
                    <br/>
                </tr>
            {% endfor %}
        </body>
        </html>
           
   
   
   
   
    8.启动并访问
        python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8080  #允许所有
        http://127.0.0.1:8000/showpage/

python day19

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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/wangminghu/p/5876178.html
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