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webservice:
就是应用程序之间跨语言的调用
wwww.webxml.com.cn
1.xml
2. wsdl: webservice description language web服务描述语言
通过xml格式说明调用的地址方法如何调用,可以看错webservice的说明书
3.soap simple object access protoacl (简单对象访问协议)
限定了xml的格式
soap 在http(因为有请求体,所以必须是post请求)的基础上传输xml数据
请求和响应的xml 的格式如: <Envelop>
<body>
//....
</body>
</Envelop>
operation name:服务提供的方法
静态方法不能发布为外部服务
运用jkd自带的代码生成访问服务器的客户端代码 E:/wsimort -s . http://test.cm/?wsdl
我们可以把webservice看做是web服务器上的一个应用,web服务器是webservice的一个容器
函数的参数在 http://test.cm/?xsd=1
JAX-WS是指 java api for xml -WebService
//测试 WebService服务的 explorer
Web Service Explorer 可以显示返回的xml格式
targetNamespace 默认为倒置的包名
客户端调用WebService的方式:
1.通过wximport生成代码
2.通过客户端编程方式
3.通过ajax调用方式
4.通过 URL Connection 方式调用
请求过程分析:
1.使用get方式获取wsdl文件,称为握手
2.使用post发出请求
3.服务器响应成功过
几种监听工具:
http watch
Web Service explorer
eclipse 自带工具 TCP/IP Monitor
package com.webservcie; import javax.jws.WebMethod; import javax.jws.WebParam; import javax.jws.WebResult; import javax.jws.WebService; import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint; /** * WebService * 将 Java 类标记为实现 Web Service,或者将 Java 接口标记为定义 Web Service 接口 */ @WebService(serviceName="MyService",targetNamespace="http://www.baidu.com") public class HelloService { @WebMethod(operationName="AliassayHello") @WebResult(name="myReturn") public String sayHello(@WebParam(name="name") String name){ return "hello: " + name; } public String sayGoodbye(String name){ return "goodbye: " + name; } @WebMethod(exclude=true)//当前方法不被发布出去 public String sayHello2(String name){ return "hello " + name; } public static void main(String[] args) { /** * 参数1:服务的发布地址 * 参数2:服务的实现者 * Endpoint 会重新启动一个线程 */ Endpoint.publish("http://test.cm/", new HelloService()); System.out.println("Server ready..."); } }
1.客户端调用(wximport自动生成代码 【推荐】)
package com.wsclient; public class App { /** * 通过wsimport 解析wsdl生成客户端代码调用WebService服务 * * @param args * */ public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub /** * <service name="MyService"> * 获得服务名称 */ MyService mywebService = new MyService(); /** * <port name="HelloServicePort" binding="tns:HelloServicePortBinding"> */ HelloService hs = mywebService.getHelloServicePort(); /** * 调用方法 */ System.out.println(hs.sayGoodbye("sjk")); System.out.println(hs.aliassayHello("sjk")); } }
2.通过ajax+js+xml调用
<html> <head> <title>通过ajax调用WebService服务</title> <script> var xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); function sendMsg(){ var name = document.getElementById(‘name‘).value; //服务的地址 var wsUrl = ‘http://192.168.1.100:6789/hello‘; //请求体 var soap = ‘<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:q0="http://ws.itcast.cn/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">‘ + ‘ <soapenv:Body> <q0:sayHello><arg0>‘+name+‘</arg0> </q0:sayHello> </soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Envelope>‘; //打开连接 xhr.open(‘POST‘,wsUrl,true); //重新设置请求头 xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","text/xml;charset=UTF-8"); //设置回调函数 xhr.onreadystatechange = _back; //发送请求 xhr.send(soap); } function _back(){ if(xhr.readyState == 4){ if(xhr.status == 200){ //alert(‘调用Webservice成功了‘); var ret = xhr.responseXML; var msg = ret.getElementsByTagName(‘return‘)[0]; document.getElementById(‘showInfo‘).innerHTML = msg.text; //alert(msg.text); } } } </script> </head> <body> <input type="button" value="发送SOAP请求" onclick="sendMsg();"> <input type="text" id="name"> <div id="showInfo"> </div> </body> </html>
3.URL Connection方式
import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; /** * 通过UrlConnection调用Webservice服务 * */ public class App { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { //服务的地址 URL wsUrl = new URL("http://192.168.1.100:6789/hello"); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) wsUrl.openConnection(); conn.setDoInput(true); conn.setDoOutput(true); conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8"); OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream(); //请求体 String soap = "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:q0=\"http://ws.itcast.cn/\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\">" + "<soapenv:Body> <q0:sayHello><arg0>aaa</arg0> </q0:sayHello> </soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Envelope>"; os.write(soap.getBytes()); InputStream is = conn.getInputStream(); byte[] b = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; String s = ""; while((len = is.read(b)) != -1){ String ss = new String(b,0,len,"UTF-8"); s += ss; } System.out.println(s); is.close(); os.close(); conn.disconnect(); } }
4.客户单编程方式(和第一种方式一样)
//文件名:HelloService.java import javax.jws.WebMethod; import javax.jws.WebParam; import javax.jws.WebResult; import javax.jws.WebService; import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlSeeAlso; import javax.xml.ws.RequestWrapper; import javax.xml.ws.ResponseWrapper; /** * This class was generated by the JAX-WS RI. * JAX-WS RI 2.1.6 in JDK 6 * Generated source version: 2.1 * */ @WebService(name = "HelloService", targetNamespace = "http://ws.itcast.cn/") @XmlSeeAlso({ }) public interface HelloService { /** * * @param arg0 * @return * returns java.lang.String */ @WebMethod @WebResult(targetNamespace = "") @RequestWrapper(localName = "sayHello", targetNamespace = "http://ws.itcast.cn/", className = "cn.itcast.ws.client.SayHello") @ResponseWrapper(localName = "sayHelloResponse", targetNamespace = "http://ws.itcast.cn/", className = "cn.itcast.ws.client.SayHelloResponse") public String sayHello( @WebParam(name = "arg0", targetNamespace = "") String arg0); }
import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; import javax.xml.namespace.QName; import javax.xml.ws.Service; import cn.itcast.ws.wsimport.HelloService; /** * 通过客户端编程的方式调用Webservice服务 * */ public class App { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { URL wsdlUrl = new URL("http://192.168.1.100:6789/hello?wsdl"); Service s = Service.create(wsdlUrl, new QName("http://ws.itcast.cn/","HelloServiceService")); HelloService hs = s.getPort(new QName("http://ws.itcast.cn/","HelloServicePort"), HelloService.class); String ret = hs.sayHello("zhangsan"); System.out.println(ret); } }
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/wqsbk/p/5885033.html