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MySQL数据库是一个C/S（客户端/服务端）架构应用，要访问MySQL数据库要使用专门的客户端软件
[root@www /]# mysql -u root Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 5 Server version: 5.5.22-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql>
mysql> show master logs; +------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +------------------+-----------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 27284 | | mysql-bin.000002 | 1031892 | | mysql-bin.000003 | 107 | +------------------+-----------+ 3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
执行"quit" "exit" 可以退出mysql命令工具，返回原来的Shell环境
mysql> quit
Bye
mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mysql; #切换到所使用的库 Database changed mysql> show tables; #查看当前所在的库中包含的表 +---------------------------+ | Tables_in_mysql | +---------------------------+ | columns_priv | | db | | event | | func | | general_log | | help_category | | help_keyword | | help_relation | | help_topic | | host | | ndb_binlog_index | | plugin | | proc | | procs_priv | | proxies_priv | | servers | | slow_log | | tables_priv | | time_zone | | time_zone_leap_second | | time_zone_name | | time_zone_transition | | time_zone_transition_type | | user | +---------------------------+ 24 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql数据库的文件存放在/usr/lcoal/mysql/data目录下，每个数据库对应一个子目录，用于存储数据表文件。每个数据表对应为三个文件，后缀名分别为".frm" 、".myd"和".myi"。
describe语句：用于显示表的结构，即组成表的字段（列）的信息。
mysql> use mysql; Database changed mysql> describe user; +------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Host | char(60) | NO | PRI | | | | User | char(16) | NO | PRI | | | | Password | char(41) | NO | | | | | Select_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Insert_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Update_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Delete_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Create_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Drop_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Reload_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Shutdown_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Process_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | File_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Grant_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | References_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Index_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Alter_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Show_db_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Super_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Create_tmp_table_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Lock_tables_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Execute_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Repl_slave_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Repl_client_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Create_view_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Show_view_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Create_routine_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Alter_routine_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Create_user_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Event_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Trigger_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | Create_tablespace_priv | enum(‘N‘,‘Y‘) | NO | | N | | | ssl_type | enum(‘‘,‘ANY‘,‘X509‘,‘SPECIFIED‘) | NO | | | | | ssl_cipher | blob | NO | | NULL | | | x509_issuer | blob | NO | | NULL | | | x509_subject | blob | NO | | NULL | | | max_questions | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | max_updates | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | max_connections | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | max_user_connections | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | plugin | char(64) | YES | | | | | authentication_string | text | YES | | NULL | | +------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 42 rows in set (0.00 sec)
create database 语句：用于创建一个新的库，需要指定数据库名称作为参数。
mysql> create database auth; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
刚创建的数据库是空的，其中不包含任何表，在/usr/lcoal/mysql/data目录下会自动生成一个与新建的库名相同的空文件夹
create table 语句：用于在当前库中穿件新的表，需指定数据库表名称作为参数，并定义该表格所使用的各字段
mysql> use auth; Database changed mysql> create table users (user_name char(16) not null, user_passwd char(48) default ‘‘, primary key (user_name)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
mysql> drop table auth.users; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
drop database语句：用于删除指定的库，需要指定库名作为参数。
mysql> drop database auth; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
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原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/zzzhfo/p/5934716.html
