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There are two different ways to use winston: directly via the default logger, or by instantiating your own Logger. The former is merely intended to be a convenient shared logger to use throughout your application if you so choose.
有两种不同的方式使用winston:直接通过默认的logger,或者通过实例化你自己的Logger。
Logging levels in winston
conform to the severity ordering specified by RFC5424: severity of all levels is assumed to be numerically ascending from most important to least important.
winston中的日志记录级别符合RFC 5424规定的严重性顺序:所有级别的严重性被假定为从最重要到最不重要的数字上升。(数字越小,级别越高)
1.使用默认的用法:
The default logger is accessible through the winston module directly. Any method that you could call on an instance of a logger is available on the default logger:
默认日志记录器可通过winston模块直接访问。 您可以在logger实例上调用的任何方法都可在默认记录器上使用:
var winston = require(‘winston‘) 与 var winston = require(‘winston‘); var logger = new winston.Logger(); winston的方法在logger上都可以使用.
var winston = require(‘winston‘);
winston.log(‘info‘, ‘Hello distributed log files!‘);
winston.info(‘Hello again distributed logs‘);
winston.level = ‘debug‘;
winston.log(‘debug‘, ‘Now my debug messages are written to console!‘);
上述代码和下述代码效果一样
var winston = require(‘winston‘);
var logger = new winston.Logger();
logger.log(‘info‘, ‘Hello distributed log files!‘);
logger.info(‘Hello again distributed logs‘);
By default, only the Console transport is set on the default logger. You can add or remove transports via the add() and remove() methods:
默认情况下,仅在默认logger设置控制台传输。传输使用console和文件. 您可以通过add()和remove()方法添加或删除传输:
补充:有一个比較值得一提的是winston-irc,你能够用来把日志输出到你的团队的IRC渠道。
https://github.com/winstonjs/winston/blob/master/docs/transports.md 是transports的文档地址.
winston.add(winston.transports.File, { filename: ‘somefile.log‘ }); //这里是将日志信息放到somefile.log文件中
winston.remove(winston.transports.Console); //这个只是将日志信息打印出来
2.实例化自己的logger
If you would prefer to manage the object lifetime of loggers you are free to instantiate them yourself:
如果你想管理记录器的对象生命周期,你可以自由实例化它们:
1.第一种实例化的方法
var logger = new (winston.Logger)({
transports: [
new (winston.transports.Console)(), //console.log
new (winston.transports.File)({ filename: ‘somefile.log‘ }) //写日志文件
]
});
You can work with this logger in the same way that you work with the default logger:
//
// Logging
//
logger.log(‘info‘, ‘Hello distributed log files!‘);
logger.info(‘Hello again distributed logs‘);
//
// Adding / Removing Transports
// (Yes It‘s chainable)
//
2.第二种实例化的方法
logger
.add(winston.transports.File) //自由实例化他们的第二个方法,使用logger对象
.remove(winston.transports.Console);
3.第三种实例化的方法
You can also wholesale reconfigure a winston.Logger
instance using the configure
method:
var logger = new winston.Logger({
level: ‘info‘,
transports: [
new (winston.transports.Console)(),
new (winston.transports.File)({ filename: ‘somefile.log‘ })
]
});
//
// Replaces the previous transports with those in the
// new configuration wholesale.
//这是用configure重新实例化的一个
logger.configure({
level: ‘verbose‘,
transports: [
new (require(‘winston-daily-rotate-file‘))(opts)
]
});
In addition to logging string messages, winston will also optionally log additional JSON metadata objects. Adding metadata is simple:
除了记录字符串消息之外,winston还将可选地记录附加的JSON元数据对象。 添加元数据很简单:还能记录对象的形式
winston.log(‘info‘, ‘Test Log Message‘, { anything: ‘This is metadata‘ });
这些对象的存储方式因传输而异(以最好地支持所提供的存储机制)。 以下是每个传输处理元数据的快速摘要:
可以使用相同类型的多个传输,例如 winston.transports.File通过在构建传输时传递自定义名称。
定义了两个文件,一个是info,一个是error文件
var logger = new (winston.Logger)({
transports: [
new (winston.transports.File)({
name: ‘info-file‘,
filename: ‘filelog-info.log‘,
level: ‘info‘
}),
new (winston.transports.File)({
name: ‘error-file‘,
filename: ‘filelog-error.log‘,
level: ‘error‘
})
]
});
If you later want to remove one of these transports you can do so by using the string name. e.g.:
logger.remove(‘info-file‘);
In this example one could also remove by passing in the instance of the Transport itself. e.g. this is equivalent to the string example above;这只是另外一种remove file的方法
var infoFile = logger.transports[0];
logger.remove(infoFile);
In addition to logging messages and metadata, winston also has a simple profiling mechanism implemented for any logger:
除了记录消息和元数据之外,winston还具有为任何记录器实现的简单分析机制:
//
// Start profile of ‘test‘
// Remark: Consider using Date.now() with async operations
//
winston.profile(‘test‘);
setTimeout(function () {
//
// Stop profile of ‘test‘. Logging will now take place:
// "17 Jan 21:00:00 - info: test duration=1000ms"
//
winston.profile(‘test‘);
}, 1000);
String interpolation 字符串插值
The log
method provides the same string interpolation methods like util.format
.字符串的拼接
logger.log(‘info‘, ‘test message %s‘, ‘my string‘);
// info: test message my string
logger.log(‘info‘, ‘test message %d‘, 123);
// info: test message 123
logger.log(‘info‘, ‘test message %j‘, {number: 123}, {});
// info: test message {"number":123}
// meta = {}
logger.log(‘info‘, ‘test message %s, %s‘, ‘first‘, ‘second‘, {number: 123});
// info: test message first, second
// meta = {number: 123}
logger.log(‘info‘, ‘test message‘, ‘first‘, ‘second‘, {number: 123});
// info: test message first second
// meta = {number: 123}
logger.log(‘info‘, ‘test message %s, %s‘, ‘first‘, ‘second‘, {number: 123}, function(){});
// info: test message first, second
// meta = {number: 123}
// callback = function(){}
logger.log(‘info‘, ‘test message‘, ‘first‘, ‘second‘, {number: 123}, function(){});
// info: test message first second
// meta = {number: 123}
// callback = function(){}
winston支持winston自己查询日志,这个类似于有点数据库的感觉.
Winston supports querying of logs with Loggly-like options. See Loggly Search API. Specifically: File
, Couchdb
,Redis
, Loggly
, Nssocket
, and Http
.
var options = {
from: new Date - 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000,
until: new Date,
limit: 10,
start: 0,
order: ‘desc‘,
fields: [‘message‘]
};
//
// Find items logged between today and yesterday.
//
winston.query(options, function (err, results) {
if (err) {
throw err;
}
console.log(results);
});
Streaming allows you to stream your logs back from your chosen transport.
//
// Start at the end.
//
winston.stream({ start: -1 }).on(‘log‘, function(log) {
console.log(log);
});
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原文地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/jay--zhang/p/5978190.html