Part1:大表修改字段
mysql> ALTER TABLE `erp`
-> ADD COLUMN `eas_status` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 ‘ AFTER `totalprice`;
ERROR 1878 (HY000): Temporary file write failure.
mysql> \q
这里可以看到，添加字段的时候爆出了1878错误。
Part2:排错过程
先看数据库的error日志
2016-10-27 10:19:22 7f5dca1bf700 InnoDB: Error: Write to file (merge) failed at offset 258998272. InnoDB: 1048576 bytes should have been written, only 651264 were written. InnoDB: Operating system error number 0. InnoDB: Check that your OS and file system support files of this size. InnoDB: Check also that the disk is not full or a disk quota exceeded. InnoDB: Error number 0 means ‘Success‘. InnoDB: Some operating system error numbers are described at InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/operating-system-error-codes.html 2016-10-27 10:35:34 7f5dcb42f700 InnoDB: Error: Write to file (merge) failed at offset 88080384. InnoDB: 1048576 bytes should have been written, only 782336 were written. InnoDB: Operating system error number 0. InnoDB: Check that your OS and file system support files of this size. InnoDB: Check also that the disk is not full or a disk quota exceeded. InnoDB: Error number 0 means ‘Success‘. InnoDB: Some operating system error numbers are described at InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/operating-system-error-codes.html 2016-10-27 10:37:02 7f5dd0076700 InnoDB: Error: Write to file (merge) failed at offset 88080384. InnoDB: 1048576 bytes should have been written, only 770048 were written. InnoDB: Operating system error number 0. InnoDB: Check that your OS and file system support files of this size. InnoDB: Check also that the disk is not full or a disk quota exceeded. InnoDB: Error number 0 means ‘Success‘. InnoDB: Some operating system error numbers are described at InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/operating-system-error-codes.html
查看错误日志可以看到磁盘空间不足
Part3:验证
[root@dev1 helei]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
45G 43G 160M 100% /
tmpfs 7.9G 1.2M 7.9G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 90M 358M 21% /boot
可以看到磁盘空间不够了，需要释放磁盘空间，
——总结——
原因是mysql的tmpdir分区的剩余空间大小没有erp大。 mysql在alter table时需要的临时空间要比该表才行。由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。
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原文地址：http://suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1866212
