使用两个 Windows 窗体 DataGridView 控件创建一个主/从窗体

创建一个从 Form 派生的类，该类包含两个 DataGridView 控件和两个 BindingSource 组件。下面的代码提供了基本的窗体初始化，并包含一个 Main 方法。如果使用 Visual Studio 设计器来创建窗体，则可以使用设计器生成的代码而不是这里的代码，但一定要使用这里的变量声明中显示的名称。

using System; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Windows.Forms;
public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form {     private DataGridView masterDataGridView = new DataGridView();     private BindingSource masterBindingSource = new BindingSource();     private DataGridView detailsDataGridView = new DataGridView();     private BindingSource detailsBindingSource = new BindingSource();
    [STAThreadAttribute()]     public static void Main()     {         Application.Run(new Form1());     }
    // Initializes the form.     public Form1()     {         masterDataGridView.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;         detailsDataGridView.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
        SplitContainer splitContainer1 = new SplitContainer();         splitContainer1.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;         splitContainer1.Orientation = Orientation.Horizontal;         splitContainer1.Panel1.Controls.Add(masterDataGridView);         splitContainer1.Panel2.Controls.Add(detailsDataGridView);
        this.Controls.Add(splitContainer1);         this.Load += new System.EventHandler(Form1_Load);         this.Text = "DataGridView master/detail demo";     } }

在窗体的类定义中实现一个方法，用于处理有关与数据库的连接的详细信息。此示例使用 GetData 方法来填充 DataSet 对象，并向数据集添加 DataRelation 对象，还要绑定 BindingSource 组件。务必将 connectionString 变量设置为适用于您的数据库的值，将敏感信息（如密码）存储在连接字符串中可能会影响应用程序的安全性。若要控制对数据库的访问，一种较为安全的方法是使用 Windows 身份验证（也称为集成安全性）。有关更多信息，请参见保护连接字符串。

private void GetData() {     try     {         // Specify a connection string. Replace the given value with a         // valid connection string for a Northwind SQL Server sample         // database accessible to your system.         String connectionString =             "Integrated Security=SSPI;Persist Security Info=False;" +             "Initial Catalog=Northwind;Data Source=localhost";         SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
        // Create a DataSet.         DataSet data = new DataSet();         data.Locale = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture;
        // Add data from the Customers table to the DataSet.         SqlDataAdapter masterDataAdapter = new             SqlDataAdapter("select * from Customers", connection);         masterDataAdapter.Fill(data, "Customers");
        // Add data from the Orders table to the DataSet.         SqlDataAdapter detailsDataAdapter = new             SqlDataAdapter("select * from Orders", connection);         detailsDataAdapter.Fill(data, "Orders");
        // Establish a relationship between the two tables.         DataRelation relation = new DataRelation("CustomersOrders",             data.Tables["Customers"].Columns["CustomerID"],             data.Tables["Orders"].Columns["CustomerID"]);         data.Relations.Add(relation);
        // Bind the master data connector to the Customers table.         masterBindingSource.DataSource = data;         masterBindingSource.DataMember = "Customers";
        // Bind the details data connector to the master data connector,         // using the DataRelation name to filter the information in the         // details table based on the current row in the master table.         detailsBindingSource.DataSource = masterBindingSource;         detailsBindingSource.DataMember = "CustomersOrders";     }     catch (SqlException)     {         MessageBox.Show("To run this example, replace the value of the " +             "connectionString variable with a connection string that is " +             "valid for your system.");     } }

为窗体的 Load 事件实现一个处理程序，该事件将 DataGridView 控件绑定到 BindingSource 组件，并调用 GetData 方法。下面的示例所包括的代码可以调整 DataGridView 列的大小，以容纳所显示的数据。

private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e) {     // Bind the DataGridView controls to the BindingSource     // components and load the data from the database.     masterDataGridView.DataSource = masterBindingSource;     detailsDataGridView.DataSource = detailsBindingSource;     GetData();
    // Resize the master DataGridView columns to fit the newly loaded data.     masterDataGridView.AutoResizeColumns();
    // Configure the details DataGridView so that its columns automatically     // adjust their widths when the data changes.     detailsDataGridView.AutoSizeColumnsMode =         DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.AllCells; }