多实例在生产很常用，一方面节约了成本，一方面可以充分利用资源，提高数据处理速度（服务器性能够好），之前请教过贺磊dba一点MySQL多实例一些问题，部署安装比较简单，这里总结一下MySQL多实例部署的两种方式：
注意事项 | 单独管理 | 集中管理（mysqld_multi） |
配置文件 | 使用不同的配置文件 | 共用一个配置文件 |
端口 | 不可冲突 | 不可冲突 |
basedir | 可单独目录/可相同目录 | 可单独目录/可相同目录 |
datadir | 不相同 | 不相同 |
pid文件 | 不可冲突/独立访问 | 不可冲突/独立访问 |
sock | 不可冲突/独立访问 | 不可冲突/独立访问 |
log | 不可冲突/独立访问 | 不可冲突/独立访问 |
启动方式 | 自定义、分别文件管理启动 | mysqld_multi集中管理 |
优点缺点 | 步骤稍微多一些，独自管理，风险略小 | 步骤简单，需要一定技术含量管理维护 |
eg配置文件:(单独管理）
#MySQLone /usr/local/mysqlone/my.cnf #MySQLtwo /usr/local/mysqltwo/my.cnf
eg：启动方式（独立启动）
[root@MySQL ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqldone start [root@MySQL ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqltwo start
eg:进程查看|进程查看
[root@MySQL ~]# netstat -atupn|grep -E --color ‘3306|3307‘ tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 7071/mysqld tcp 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 7077/mysqld [root@MySQL ~]#
二、集中部署(mysqld_multi)
eg：配置文件（集中管理）
/etc/my.cnf [mysqld3306] port = 3306 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysqlone #启动可自定义，也可配置文件定义 #socket = #pidfile = log-error [mysqld3308] port = 3307 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysqltwo #启动可自定义，也可配置文件定义 #socket = #pidfile = #log-error [mysqld_multi] mysqld=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
eg：初始化方式：
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/MySQL_3306 --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/MySQL_3307 --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql
eg：启动方式：（其它参数可自定义）
[root@MySQL ~]# mysqld_multi start 3306,3307 [root@MySQL ~]# mysqld_multi report Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running [root@MySQL ~]# #停止一个实例： [root@MySQL ~]# mysqld_multi stop 3306 [root@MySQL ~]# mysqld_multi report Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running [root@MySQL ~]#
eg：端口查看|进程查看
[root@MySQL ~]# netstat -atupn|grep -E --color ‘3306|3307‘ tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 7071/mysqld tcp 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 7077/mysqld [root@MySQL ~]#
三、客户端访问：
3306：
[root@MySQL ~]# mysql --sock=/usr/local/mysql/data/MySQL_3306/mysql.sock Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.6.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql>
3307：
[root@MySQL ~]# mysql --sock=/usr/local/mysql/data/MySQL_3307/mysql.sock Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 4 Server version: 5.6.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql>
如有不足，可指教。
本文出自 “永不放弃！任志远” 博客，谢绝转载！
原文地址：http://renzhiyuan.blog.51cto.com/10433137/1902051
