标签:eric his list member class 智能提示 text 测试环境 rip
在.net中有几种mock框架可供选择,比如NMock,PhinoMocks,FakeItEasy和Moq。尽管Moq相对较新,但是它非常易用。不需要像传统的Record/Replay。并且使用Moq在VS中可以得到智能提示。学习成本也不高。
这篇文章我们介绍下如何使用Moq来mock吧。
假定我们要做一个计算器提供基本的算术运算和不同货币的转换。
ICaculator接口定义如下:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace CalculatorPkg
{
public interface ICalculator
{
int Add(int param1, int param2);
int Subtract(int param1, int param2);
int Multipy(int param1, int param2);
int Divide(int param1, int param2);
int ConvertUSDtoRMB(int unit);
}
}
假定人民币转美元的接口定义如下:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace MoneyExchangeRatePkg
{
public interface IUSD_RMB_ExchangeRateFeed
{
int GetActualUSDValue();
}
}
下面是Calculator的实现类,其中人民币转美元的接口实例以构造函数参数的形式传给Calculator类。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using MoneyExchangeRatePkg;
namespace CalculatorPkg
{
public class Calculator : ICalculator
{
private IUSD_RMB_ExchangeRateFeed _feed;
public Calculator(IUSD_RMB_ExchangeRateFeed feed)
{
this._feed = feed;
}
#region ICalculator Members
public int Add(int param1, int param2)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public int Subtract(int param1, int param2)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public int Multipy(int param1, int param2)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public int Divide(int param1, int param2)
{
return param1 / param2;
}
public int ConvertUSDtoRMB(int unit)
{
return unit * this._feed.GetActualUSDValue();
}
#endregion
}
}
下面我们开始准备Calculator组件的测试环境,我们使用NUnit框架和Moq来做Mock。
您可以到http://www.nunit.org/获得nunit,到http://code.google.com/p/moq/获得moq框架的源码和dll文件。
然后我们就可以创建测试项目,并添加nunit和moq的引用。
我们要mock汇率的接口,下面是mock的方法:
Mock<IUSD_RMB_ExchangeRateFeed> mockObject = new Mock<IUSD_RMB_ExchangeRateFeed>();
mockObject.Setup(m => m.GetActualUSDValue()).Returns(500);
IUSD_RMB_ExchangeRateFeed value = mockObject.Object;
对汇率接口的MOCK只需要三行代码,第一行声明mock接口,第二行设定要mock方法的返回值,第三步通过Object属性获得mock的对象。
下面是完整的测试代码:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using NUnit.Framework;
using Moq;
using CalculatorPkg;
using MoneyExchangeRatePkg;
namespace CalculatorPkg.Tests
{
// 添加TestFixture标识类是测试类
[TestFixture]
public class CalculatorTester
{
// 定义mock的逻辑
private IUSD_RMB_ExchangeRateFeed prvGetMockExchangeRateFeed()
{
Mock<IUSD_RMB_ExchangeRateFeed> mockObject = new Mock<IUSD_RMB_ExchangeRateFeed>();
mockObject.Setup(m => m.GetActualUSDValue()).Returns(500);
return mockObject.Object;
}
// 测试divide方法
[Test(Description="Divide 9 by 3. Expected result is 3.")]
public void TC1_Divide9By3()
{
IUSD_RMB_ExchangeRateFeed feed = this.prvGetMockExchangeRateFeed();
ICalculator calculator = new Calculator(feed);
int actualResult = calculator.Divide(9,3);
int expectedResult = 3;
Assert.AreEqual(expectedResult, actualResult);
}
[Test(Description = "Divide any number by zero. Should throw an System.DivideByZeroException exception.")]
[ExpectedException(typeof(System.DivideByZeroException))]
public void TC2_DivideByZero()
{
IUSD_RMB_ExchangeRateFeed feed = this.prvGetMockExchangeRateFeed();
ICalculator calculator = new Calculator(feed);
int actualResult = calculator.Divide(9, 0);
}
[Test(Description =