Android字符设备驱动开发基于高通msm8916【原创】

时间：2017-03-29 16:17:20 阅读：487 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

标签：编写信息 util 流程 widget cli 字节 function mis

本人才疏浅学，写一篇文档总结自己在msm8916平台上移植自己编写的简单的字符设备驱动开发的整个流程。这个小项目的主要功能是开发一个简单的APP，APP通过JNI去调用位于kernel的字符设备驱动。

APP的设计，开发平台Android Studio

主要的文件是下面的三个文件：

技术分享

MainActivity.java文件的内容如下：

 1 package com.example.administrator.myled;
 2 
 3 import android.nfc.Tag;
 4 import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
 5 import android.os.Bundle;
 6 import android.util.Log;
 7 import android.view.View;
 8 import android.widget.Button;
 9 import android.widget.Toast;
10 
11 
12 import com.zbahuang.led.lowlevel.LedNative;
13 
14 public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
15     private final static String TAG = "zbzhuang";
16     Button btn_led_on;
17     Button btn_led_off;
18     LedNative myled;
19 
20 
21     @Override
22     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
23         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
24         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
25 
26         initUI();
27 
28         myled = new LedNative();
29         myled.openDev();
30         Log.d(TAG,"app:open Dev");
31     }
32 
33     private void initUI() {
34         btn_led_on = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_led_on);
35         btn_led_on.setOnClickListener(this);
36 
37         btn_led_off = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_led_off);
38         btn_led_off.setOnClickListener(this);
39     }
40 
41     @Override
42     public void onClick(View v) {
43         switch (v.getId()){
44             case R.id.btn_led_on:
45                 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"拉灯-->",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
46                 Log.d(TAG,"app:LED on");
47                 myled.devOn();
48                 break;
49             case R.id.btn_led_off:
50                 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"灭灯-->",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
51                 Log.d(TAG,"app:LED off");
52                 myled.devOff();
53                 break;
54             default:
55                 break;
56         }
57 
58     }
59 
60     @Override
61     protected void onDestroy() {
62         super.onDestroy();
63         myled.closeDev();
64         Log.d(TAG,"app:close Dev");
65     }
66 }

LedNative.java文件的内容如下：
在这个文件中所声明的方法是在jni中实现的啊。使用了特殊的关键字表示该方法是在JNI当中实现的啊。

 1 package com.zbahuang.led.lowlevel;
 2 
 3 /**
 4  * Created by Administrator on 2017/3/29 0029.
 5  */
 6 
 7 public class LedNative {
 8 
 9     static {
10         System.loadLibrary("led_jni");
11     }
12 
13     public native int openDev();
14     public native int devOn();
15     public native int devOff();
16     public native int closeDev();
17 }
18 package com.zbahuang.led.lowlevel;
19 
20 /**
21  * Created by Administrator on 2017/3/29 0029.
22  */
23 
24 public class LedNative {
25 
26     static {
27         System.loadLibrary("led_jni");
28     }
29 
30     public native int openDev();
31     public native int devOn();
32     public native int devOff();
33     public native int closeDev();
34 }

activity_main.xml文件的内容如下：

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 3     xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
 4     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 5     android:layout_width="match_parent"
 6     android:layout_height="match_parent"
 7     tools:context="com.example.administrator.myled.MainActivity">
 8 
 9 
10     <RelativeLayout
11         android:layout_width="394dp"
12         android:layout_height="520dp"
13         tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="-5dp"
14         tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="-10dp">
15 
16         <Button
17             android:id="@+id/btn_led_on"
18             android:layout_width="wrap_content"
19             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
20             android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
21             android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
22             android:layout_marginStart="56dp"
23             android:layout_marginTop="109dp"
24             android:text="拉灯" />
25 
26         <Button
27             android:id="@+id/btn_led_off"
28             android:layout_width="wrap_content"
29             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
30             android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/btn_led_on"
31             android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/btn_led_on"
32             android:layout_marginStart="81dp"
33             android:layout_toEndOf="@+id/btn_led_on"
34             android:text="灭灯" />
35     </RelativeLayout>
36 </android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

JNI的文件：

led_jni.cpp

  1 /*1. 头文件*/
  2 #include<linux/init.h>
  3 #include<linux/module.h>
  4 #include<linux/fs.h>
  5 #include<linux/device.h>
  6 #include<linux/slab.h>
  7 #include<linux/cdev.h>
  8 #include<asm/uaccess.h>
  9 #include<asm/io.h>
 10 
 11 static unsigned int led_major=0;
 12 volatile unsigned long *gpc0con = NULL;
 13 volatile unsigned long *gpc0dat = NULL;
 14 
 15 struct led_device{
 16     struct class *led_class ;    //表示一类设备, 存储某些信息
 17     struct device *led_device ;    //表示一个设备
 18     struct cdev  *led_cdev;
 19     unsigned int val;
 20 
 21 };
 22 
 23 struct led_device *s5pv_led_dev;
 24 
 25 
 26 /*可用于查询LED的状态*/
 27 static ssize_t led_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *opps)
 28 {
 29     int ret;
 30 
 31     ret = copy_to_user(buf, &s5pv_led_dev->val, count);
 32     if(ret>0)
 33     {
 34         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang### copy to user failed!\n");
 35         return ret;
 36     }
 37 
 38     printk(KERN_INFO "zbzhuang### val=%d\n", s5pv_led_dev->val);
 39     
 40     return ret?0:count;
 41 }
 42 static ssize_t led_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *opps)
 43 {
 44     int ret;
 45 
 46     /*拷贝成功,返回0; 拷贝失败, 返回没有被拷贝的字节数*/
 47     ret = copy_from_user(&s5pv_led_dev->val, buf, count);
 48     if(ret>0)
 49     {
 50         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang### copy from user failed!\n");
 51         return ret;
 52     }
 53 
 54     if(s5pv_led_dev->val)
 55     {
 56         /*点亮LED*/
 57         //*gpc0dat |= ((0x1<<3)|(0x1<<4));
 58         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang### led on\n");
 59     }
 60     else
 61     {
 62         /*熄灭LED*/
 63 //        *gpc0dat &= ~((0x1<<3)|(0x1<<4));
 64         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang### led off\n");
 65     }
 66     
 67     return ret?0:count;
 68 }
 69 
 70 
 71 static int led_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 72 {
 73 #if 0
 74     /*1. 将物理地址映射为虚拟地址*/
 75     gpc0con = ioremap(0xE0200060, 8);
 76     gpc0dat = gpc0con +1;
 77     
 78     /*2. 初始化GPC0_3,4引脚功能为输出*/
 79     *gpc0con &= ~((0xf<<12)|(0xf<<16));
 80     *gpc0con |=  ((0x1<<12)|(0x1<<16));    
 81 #endif
 82     printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang### -----------%s-------------\n",__FUNCTION__);
 83     
 84     return 0;
 85 }
 86 
 87 static int led_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 88 {
 89 #if 0
 90 
 91     *gpc0con &= ~((0xf<<12)|(0xf<<16));
 92     iounmap(gpc0con);
 93 #endif
 94     printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang### ------------%s-----------------\n",__FUNCTION__);
 95 
 96     return 0;
 97     
 98 }
 99 
100 /*硬件操作方法*/
101 struct file_operations led_fops={
102     .owner = THIS_MODULE,    //当前模块所用
103     .open  = led_open,
104     .write = led_write,
105     .read  = led_read,
106     .release = led_close,
107 
108 };
109 
110 static void setup_led_cdev(void)
111 {
112     /*1. 为cdev结构体分配空间*/
113     s5pv_led_dev->led_cdev = cdev_alloc();
114 
115     /*2. 初始化cdev结构体*/
116     cdev_init(s5pv_led_dev->led_cdev, &led_fops);
117 
118     /*3. 注册cdev,加载到内核哈希表中*/
119     cdev_add(s5pv_led_dev->led_cdev, MKDEV(led_major, 0), 1);
120 
121 }
122 
123 /*2. 实现模块加载函数*/
124 static int __init led_init(void)
125 {
126     dev_t devno;
127     int ret;
128     /*1. 新的申请主设备号的方法*/
129     if(led_major)
130     {
131         /*静态申请*/
132         devno = MKDEV(led_major, 0);
133         register_chrdev_region(devno, 1, "led");
134     }
135     else
136     {
137         /*动态申请*/
138         alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, 0, 1, "led");
139         led_major = MAJOR(devno);
140     }
141 
142     /*2. 为本地结构体分配空间*/
143 
144         /*
145         **    param1: 大小
146         **    param2:    标号: GFP_KERNEL--->表示如果分配不成功,则休眠
147         */
148     s5pv_led_dev = kmalloc(sizeof(struct led_device), GFP_KERNEL);
149     if (!s5pv_led_dev)
150     {
151         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang NO memory for malloc!\n");
152         ret = -ENOMEM;
153         goto out_err_1;
154     }
155 
156     /*3. 构建struct cdev结构体*/
157     setup_led_cdev();
158             
159 
160     /*4. 创建设备文件*/
161     /*
162     **    param1:    struct class
163     **    param2:    父类, 一般为NULL
164     **    param3:    dev_t ---> 表示一个设备号, 是一个无符号32位整形
165     **                        其中高12位为主设备号, 低20为次设备号
166     **            如何操作设备号: MKDEV(major, minor)根据主设备号和次设备号组成一个设备号
167     */    
168 
169     s5pv_led_dev->led_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "led_class");
170     if (IS_ERR(s5pv_led_dev->led_class)) {
171         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang class_create() failed for led_class\n");
172         ret = -EINVAL;
173         goto out_err_2;
174     }
175 
176     
177     s5pv_led_dev->led_device = device_create(s5pv_led_dev->led_class, NULL, MKDEV(led_major, 0), NULL, "led1");    // 创建设备文件/dev/led1
178     if (IS_ERR(s5pv_led_dev->led_device)) {
179         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang device_create failed for led_device\n");
180         ret = -ENODEV;
181         goto out_err_3;
182     }
183 
184     return 0;
185 
186 out_err_3:
187     class_destroy(s5pv_led_dev->led_class);
188 
189 out_err_2:
190     cdev_del(s5pv_led_dev->led_cdev);
191     kfree(s5pv_led_dev);
192 
193 out_err_1:
194     unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(led_major, 0), 1);
195     return ret;
196     
197 }
198 
199 /*3. 实现模块卸载函数*/
200 static void __exit led_exit(void)
201 {
202     unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(led_major, 0), 1);
203     device_destroy(s5pv_led_dev->led_class, MKDEV(led_major, 0));
204     class_destroy(s5pv_led_dev->led_class);
205     cdev_del(s5pv_led_dev->led_cdev);
206     kfree(s5pv_led_dev);
207 }
208 
209 /*4. 模块许可声明*/
210 module_init(led_init);
211 module_exit(led_exit);
212 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

Android.mk

 1 LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)
 2 include $(CLEAR_VARS)
 3 
 4 LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
 5 
 6 LOCAL_MODULE:= libled_jni
 7 
 8 LOCAL_SRC_FILES:=  9   led_jni.cpp
10 
11 LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := 12     libutils liblog
13 
14 LOCAL_C_INCLUDES += 15     $(JNI_H_INCLUDE)
16 
17 include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)

执行： mmm mytest/led_jni/ 之后会生成动态库放在 out/target/product/msm8916_64/obj/lib/libled_jni.so

将这个库推送到平板电脑就可以通过这个库去调用驱动。

技术分享

内核的驱动文件：kernel/drivers/input/misc/led.c

  1 /*1. 头文件*/
  2 #include<linux/init.h>
  3 #include<linux/module.h>
  4 #include<linux/fs.h>
  5 #include<linux/device.h>
  6 #include<linux/slab.h>
  7 #include<linux/cdev.h>
  8 #include<asm/uaccess.h>
  9 #include<asm/io.h>
 10 
 11 static unsigned int led_major=0;
 12 volatile unsigned long *gpc0con = NULL;
 13 volatile unsigned long *gpc0dat = NULL;
 14 
 15 struct led_device{
 16     struct class *led_class ;    //表示一类设备, 存储某些信息
 17     struct device *led_device ;    //表示一个设备
 18     struct cdev  *led_cdev;
 19     unsigned int val;
 20 
 21 };
 22 
 23 struct led_device *s5pv_led_dev;
 24 
 25 
 26 /*可用于查询LED的状态*/
 27 static ssize_t led_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *opps)
 28 {
 29     int ret;
 30 
 31     ret = copy_to_user(buf, &s5pv_led_dev->val, count);
 32     if(ret>0)
 33     {
 34         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang### copy to user failed!\n");
 35         return ret;
 36     }
 37 
 38     printk(KERN_INFO "zbzhuang### val=%d\n", s5pv_led_dev->val);
 39     
 40     return ret?0:count;
 41 }
 42 static ssize_t led_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *opps)
 43 {
 44     int ret;
 45 
 46     /*拷贝成功,返回0; 拷贝失败, 返回没有被拷贝的字节数*/
 47     ret = copy_from_user(&s5pv_led_dev->val, buf, count);
 48     if(ret>0)
 49     {
 50         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang### copy from user failed!\n");
 51         return ret;
 52     }
 53 
 54     if(s5pv_led_dev->val)
 55     {
 56         /*点亮LED*/
 57         //*gpc0dat |= ((0x1<<3)|(0x1<<4));
 58         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang### led on\n");
 59     }
 60     else
 61     {
 62         /*熄灭LED*/
 63 //        *gpc0dat &= ~((0x1<<3)|(0x1<<4));
 64         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang### led off\n");
 65     }
 66     
 67     return ret?0:count;
 68 }
 69 
 70 
 71 
 72 static int led_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 73 {
 74 #if 0
 75     /*1. 将物理地址映射为虚拟地址*/
 76     gpc0con = ioremap(0xE0200060, 8);
 77     gpc0dat = gpc0con +1;
 78     
 79     /*2. 初始化GPC0_3,4引脚功能为输出*/
 80     *gpc0con &= ~((0xf<<12)|(0xf<<16));
 81     *gpc0con |=  ((0x1<<12)|(0x1<<16));    
 82 #endif
 83     printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang### -----------%s-------------\n",__FUNCTION__);
 84     
 85     return 0;
 86 }
 87 
 88 static int led_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 89 {
 90 #if 0
 91 
 92     *gpc0con &= ~((0xf<<12)|(0xf<<16));
 93     iounmap(gpc0con);
 94 #endif
 95     printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang### ------------%s-----------------\n",__FUNCTION__);
 96 
 97     return 0;
 98     
 99 }
100 
101 /*硬件操作方法*/
102 struct file_operations led_fops={
103     .owner = THIS_MODULE,    //当前模块所用
104     .open  = led_open,
105     .write = led_write,
106     .read  = led_read,
107     .release = led_close,
108 
109 };
110 
111 static void setup_led_cdev(void)
112 {
113     /*1. 为cdev结构体分配空间*/
114     s5pv_led_dev->led_cdev = cdev_alloc();
115 
116     /*2. 初始化cdev结构体*/
117     cdev_init(s5pv_led_dev->led_cdev, &led_fops);
118 
119     /*3. 注册cdev,加载到内核哈希表中*/
120     cdev_add(s5pv_led_dev->led_cdev, MKDEV(led_major, 0), 1);
121 
122 }
123 
124 /*2. 实现模块加载函数*/
125 static int __init led_init(void)
126 {
127     dev_t devno;
128     int ret;
129     /*1. 新的申请主设备号的方法*/
130     if(led_major)
131     {
132         /*静态申请*/
133         devno = MKDEV(led_major, 0);
134         register_chrdev_region(devno, 1, "led");
135     }
136     else
137     {
138         /*动态申请*/
139         alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, 0, 1, "led");
140         led_major = MAJOR(devno);
141     }
142 
143     /*2. 为本地结构体分配空间*/
144 
145         /*
146         **    param1: 大小
147         **    param2:    标号: GFP_KERNEL--->表示如果分配不成功,则休眠
148         */
149     s5pv_led_dev = kmalloc(sizeof(struct led_device), GFP_KERNEL);
150     if (!s5pv_led_dev)
151     {
152         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang NO memory for malloc!\n");
153         ret = -ENOMEM;
154         goto out_err_1;
155     }
156 
157     /*3. 构建struct cdev结构体*/
158     setup_led_cdev();
159             
160 
161     /*4. 创建设备文件*/
162     /*
163     **    param1:    struct class
164     **    param2:    父类, 一般为NULL
165     **    param3:    dev_t ---> 表示一个设备号, 是一个无符号32位整形
166     **                        其中高12位为主设备号, 低20为次设备号
167     **            如何操作设备号: MKDEV(major, minor)根据主设备号和次设备号组成一个设备号
168     */    
169 
170     s5pv_led_dev->led_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "led_class");
171     if (IS_ERR(s5pv_led_dev->led_class)) {
172         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang class_create() failed for led_class\n");
173         ret = -EINVAL;
174         goto out_err_2;
175     }
176 
177     
178     s5pv_led_dev->led_device = device_create(s5pv_led_dev->led_class, NULL, MKDEV(led_major, 0), NULL, "led1");    // 创建设备文件/dev/led1
179     if (IS_ERR(s5pv_led_dev->led_device)) {
180         printk(KERN_ERR "zbzhuang device_create failed for led_device\n");
181         ret = -ENODEV;
182         goto out_err_3;
183     }
184 
185     return 0;
186 
187 out_err_3:
188     class_destroy(s5pv_led_dev->led_class);
189 
190 out_err_2:
191     cdev_del(s5pv_led_dev->led_cdev);
192     kfree(s5pv_led_dev);
193 
194 out_err_1:
195     unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(led_major, 0), 1);
196     return ret;
197     
198 }
199 
200 /*3. 实现模块卸载函数*/
201 static void __exit led_exit(void)
202 {
203     unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(led_major, 0), 1);
204     device_destroy(s5pv_led_dev->led_class, MKDEV(led_major, 0));
205     class_destroy(s5pv_led_dev->led_class);
206     cdev_del(s5pv_led_dev->led_cdev);
207     kfree(s5pv_led_dev);
208 }
209 
210 /*4. 模块许可声明*/
211 module_init(led_init);
212 module_exit(led_exit);
213 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");