APUE：线程，线程控制

pthread_t pthread_self (void);
int pthread_equal (pthread_t __thread1, pthread_t __thread2);

int pthread_create (pthread_t *__restrict __newthread, const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr, void *(*__start_routine) (void *), void *__restrict __arg);
void pthread_exit (void *__retval);

// 等待线程结束
int pthread_join (pthread_t __th, void **__thread_return);

// 分离线程
int pthread_detach (pthread_t __th);

// 请求线程取消
int pthread_cancel (pthread_t __th);

enum
{
  PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE,
  PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED
};

int pthread_attr_init (pthread_attr_t *__attr);
int pthread_attr_destroy (pthread_attr_t *__attr);

// 分离状态
int pthread_attr_getdetachstate (const pthread_attr_t *__attr, int *__detachstate);
int pthread_attr_setdetachstate (pthread_attr_t *__attr, int __detachstate);

// 自定义栈
int pthread_attr_getstack (const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr, void **__restrict __stackaddr, size_t *__restrict __stacksize);
int pthread_attr_setstack (pthread_attr_t *__attr, void *__stackaddr, size_t __stacksize);

// 自定义栈大小
int pthread_attr_getstacksize (const pthread_attr_t *__restrict __attr, size_t *__restrict __stacksize);
int pthread_attr_setstacksize (pthread_attr_t *__attr, size_t __stacksize);

// 扩展栈大小（警戒区）
int pthread_attr_getguardsize (const pthread_attr_t *__attr, size_t *__guardsize);
int pthread_attr_setguardsize (pthread_attr_t *__attr, size_t __guardsize);