标签：lock
本文转自：http://www.cnblogs.com/dolphin0520/p/3923167.html
Java中可以使用synchronized关键字来实现线程之间对共享变量的同步访问。从Java 1.5以后，在java.util.concurrent.locks包下提供了另外一种方式来实现同步访问——Lock。
public interface Lock {
void lock();
void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException;
boolean tryLock();
boolean tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException;
void unlock();
Condition newCondition();
} 下面来逐个讲述Lock接口中每个方法的使用，lock()、tryLock()、tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit)和lockInterruptibly()是用来获取锁的。unLock()方法是用来释放锁的。newCondition()这个方法暂且不在此讲述，会在后面的线程协作一文中讲述。Lock lock = ...;
lock.lock();
try{
//处理任务
}catch(Exception ex){
}finally{
lock.unlock(); //释放锁
}Lock lock = ...;
if(lock.tryLock()) {
lock.lock();
try{
//处理任务
}catch(Exception ex){
}finally{
lock.unlock(); //释放锁
}
}else {
//如果不能获取锁，则直接做其他事情
}public void method() throws InterruptedException {
lock.lockInterruptibly();
try {
//.....
}
finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}public class Test {
private ArrayList<Integer> arrayList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Test test = new Test();
new Thread(){
public void run() {
test.insert(Thread.currentThread());
};
}.start();
new Thread(){
public void run() {
test.insert(Thread.currentThread());
};
}.start();
}
public void insert(Thread thread) {
Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(); //注意这个地方
lock.lock();
try {
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"得到了锁");
for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {
arrayList.add(i);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}finally {
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"释放了锁");
lock.unlock();
}
}
}Thread-0得到了锁 Thread-1得到了锁 Thread-0释放了锁 Thread-1释放了锁
public class Test {
private ArrayList<Integer> arrayList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(); //注意这个地方
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Test test = new Test();
new Thread(){
public void run() {
test.insert(Thread.currentThread());
};
}.start();
new Thread(){
public void run() {
test.insert(Thread.currentThread());
};
}.start();
}
public void insert(Thread thread) {
lock.lock();
try {
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"得到了锁");
for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {
arrayList.add(i);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}finally {
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"释放了锁");
lock.unlock();
}
}
} 这样就是正确地使用Lock的方法了。public class Test {
private ArrayList<Integer> arrayList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(); //注意这个地方
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Test test = new Test();
new Thread(){
public void run() {
test.insert(Thread.currentThread());
};
}.start();
new Thread(){
public void run() {
test.insert(Thread.currentThread());
};
}.start();
}
public void insert(Thread thread) {
if(lock.tryLock()) {
try {
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"得到了锁");
for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {
arrayList.add(i);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}finally {
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"释放了锁");
lock.unlock();
}
} else {
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"获取锁失败");
}
}
}Thread-0得到了锁 Thread-1获取锁失败 Thread-0释放了锁
public class Test {
private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
public static void main(String[] args) {
Test test = new Test();
MyThread thread1 = new MyThread(test);
MyThread thread2 = new MyThread(test);
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
thread2.interrupt();
}
public void insert(Thread thread) throws InterruptedException{
lock.lockInterruptibly(); //注意，如果需要正确中断等待锁的线程，必须将获取锁放在外面，然后将InterruptedException抛出
try {
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"得到了锁");
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
for( ; ;) {
if(System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime >= Integer.MAX_VALUE)
break;
//插入数据
}
}
finally {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"执行finally");
lock.unlock();
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"释放了锁");
}
}
}
class MyThread extends Thread {
private Test test = null;
public MyThread(Test test) {
this.test = test;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
test.insert(Thread.currentThread());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"被中断");
}
}
}public interface ReadWriteLock {
/**
* Returns the lock used for reading.
*/
Lock readLock();
/**
* @return the lock used for writing.
*/
Lock writeLock();
} 一个用来获取读锁，一个用来获取写锁。也就是说将文件的读写操作分开，分成2个锁来分配给线程，从而使得多个线程可以同时进行读操作。下面的ReentrantReadWriteLock实现了ReadWriteLock接口。public class Test {
private ReentrantReadWriteLock rwl = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Test test = new Test();
new Thread(){
public void run() {
test.get(Thread.currentThread());
};
}.start();
new Thread(){
public void run() {
test.get(Thread.currentThread());
};
}.start();
}
public synchronized void get(Thread thread) {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
while(System.currentTimeMillis() - start <= 1) {
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"正在进行读操作");
}
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"读操作完毕");
}
}Thread-0正在进行读操作 Thread-0正在进行读操作 Thread-0正在进行读操作 Thread-0正在进行读操作 Thread-0读操作完毕 Thread-1正在进行读操作 Thread-1正在进行读操作 Thread-1正在进行读操作 Thread-1正在进行读操作 Thread-1读操作完毕
public class Test {
private ReentrantReadWriteLock rwl = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Test test = new Test();
new Thread(){
public void run() {
test.get(Thread.currentThread());
};
}.start();
new Thread(){
public void run() {
test.get(Thread.currentThread());
};
}.start();
}
public void get(Thread thread) {
rwl.readLock().lock();
try {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
while(System.currentTimeMillis() - start <= 1) {
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"正在进行读操作");
}
System.out.println(thread.getName()+"读操作完毕");
} finally {
rwl.readLock().unlock();
}
}
}Thread-0正在进行读操作 Thread-0正在进行读操作 Thread-1正在进行读操作 Thread-0正在进行读操作 Thread-1正在进行读操作 Thread-0正在进行读操作 Thread-1正在进行读操作 Thread-1正在进行读操作 Thread-1正在进行读操作 Thread-0读操作完毕 Thread-1读操作完毕
class MyClass {
public synchronized void method1() {
method2();
}
public synchronized void method2() {
}
}ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(true);如果参数为true表示为公平锁，为fasle为非公平锁。默认情况下，如果使用无参构造器，则是非公平锁。
标签：lock
原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/huhui_cs/article/details/38898521
