python3.6数据类型之int类型

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IPython 5.1.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
? -> Introduction and overview of IPython‘s features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help -> Python‘s own help system.
object? -> Details about ‘object‘, use ‘object??‘ for extra details. 

a=9

dir(a)
Out[2]: 
[‘__abs__‘,     #a.__abs__()求a的绝对值
 ‘__add__‘,      #a.__add__(2)   a+2
 ‘__and__‘,       #与C语言中的按位与一样，a.__and__(30)  Out[10]: 8  先转化为二进制，再按比特位做与运算得到的结果

‘__bool__‘,      #a.__bool__()  零为false,非零为True
 ‘__ceil__‘,       #貌似没什么意义，a.__ceil__()  大于或等于该整数的最小的整数是它自身
 ‘__class__‘,      # a.__class__()  是0，对于float类型的数为0.0
‘__delattr__‘,      
 ‘__dir__‘,
 ‘__divmod__‘,
 ‘__doc__‘,
 ‘__eq__‘,
 ‘__float__‘,
 ‘__floor__‘,
 ‘__floordiv__‘,
 ‘__format__‘,
 ‘__ge__‘,
 ‘__getattribute__‘,
 ‘__getnewargs__‘,
 ‘__gt__‘,
 ‘__hash__‘,
 ‘__index__‘,
 ‘__init__‘,
 ‘__init_subclass__‘,
 ‘__int__‘,
 ‘__invert__‘,
 ‘__le__‘,
 ‘__lshift__‘,
 ‘__lt__‘,
 ‘__mod__‘,
 ‘__mul__‘,
 ‘__ne__‘,
 ‘__neg__‘,
 ‘__new__‘,
 ‘__or__‘,
 ‘__pos__‘,
 ‘__pow__‘,
 ‘__radd__‘,
 ‘__rand__‘,
 ‘__rdivmod__‘,
 ‘__reduce__‘,
 ‘__reduce_ex__‘,
 ‘__repr__‘,
 ‘__rfloordiv__‘,
 ‘__rlshift__‘,
 ‘__rmod__‘,
 ‘__rmul__‘,
 ‘__ror__‘,
 ‘__round__‘,
 ‘__rpow__‘,
 ‘__rrshift__‘,
 ‘__rshift__‘,
 ‘__rsub__‘,
 ‘__rtruediv__‘,
 ‘__rxor__‘,
 ‘__setattr__‘,
 ‘__sizeof__‘,##a=11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111随着整数a的位数的变化，a.__sizeof__()的大小在变化
 ‘__str__‘,
 ‘__sub__‘,         ##a.__sub__(d)  即为 a-d
 ‘__subclasshook__‘,
 ‘__truediv__‘,
 ‘__trunc__‘,
 ‘__xor__‘,
 ‘bit_length‘,     #转化为二进制后的位数a.bit_length()
 ‘conjugate‘,     ##求该数的共轭复数  c=4+3j    c.conjugate()    (4-3j)
 ‘denominator‘,     ###a.denominator返回1 a的分母是1    注意不用圆括号
 ‘from_bytes‘,     
 ‘imag‘,         ##a.imag 是0，float类型的返回0.0
 ‘numerator‘,    ##a.numerator返回其自身的值9
 ‘real‘,      ##a.real返回9
 ‘to_bytes‘]    ###a.to_bytes(10,"little") 返回：b‘\t\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00‘不知道是什么意思       a.to_bytes(3,"big")   

d=["a","b","c","d"]

for k,v in enumerate(d,1):
print(k,v)
1 a
2 b
3 c
4 d

十进制转化为2进制、8进制、16进制

a=123

bin(a)
Out[130]: ‘0b1111011‘

hex(a)
Out[131]: ‘0x7b‘

oct(a)
Out[132]: ‘0o173‘

二进制、8进制、16进制字符串转化为10进制整数

a=123

b=bin(a)

type(b)
Out[144]: str

int(b,2)
Out[145]: 123

bin(a)
Out[146]: ‘0b1111011‘

a1=int(b,2)

type(a1)
Out[148]: int