标签:corosync+pacemaker+http高可用操作手记
前言:
因为公司大量用到了corosync+packmaker,本人之前只是了解,并没深入比较keepalive及heatbeatcorosync+packmaker的区别,原理方面不探讨,可以查看官网,或者查看网上资料。
这里仅仅分享一下自己做的一个小实验,算是基础入门。新公司东西比较多,因此最近博客更新会很慢,但是以后有时间分享的东西,则都是网上少见的,加上自己的经验之谈,热爱开源,热爱分享。
实验目的:
利corosync+packmaker,做到http高可用访问。当然可以结合drdb,nfs,MySQL等服务,玩出新花样。
实验规划:
node1:httpd
192.168.179.129 业务地址
192.168.107.128 心跳地址
192.168.8.111 访问地址
node2 httpd
192.168.179.130 业务地址
192.168.107.129 心跳地址
192.168.8.112
node3 NFS-Server
192.168.179.131 业务地址
192.168.107.130 访问地址
fip(vip):192.168.8.140
准备工作:
node1 node2 node3: yum install lrzsz wget -y yum install ntpdate -y [root@node1 ~]# crontab -l */1 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time.nist.gov >/dev/null 2>&1 [root@node2 ~]# crontab -l */1 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time.nist.gov >/dev/null 2>&1 [root@node3 ~]# crontab -l */1 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time.nist.gov >/dev/null 2>&1
hosts文件:
node1 node2 node3: 192.168.179.129 node1 192.168.179.130 node2 192.168.179.131 node3
主机互信:
node1 node2 node3: [root@node1 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -P ‘‘ [root@node1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node2 [root@node1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node2ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node3 [root@node2 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -P ‘‘ [root@node2 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node1 [root@node2 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node3 [root@node3 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -P ‘‘ [root@node3 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node1 [root@node3 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node2
部署:
node1 node2: yum install corosync* -y yum install pacemaker* -y yum install cluster-glue* -y
配置:
node1 node2: [root@node1 ~]# cd /etc/corosync/ [root@node1 corosync]# cp corosync.conf.example corosync.conf [root@node1 corosync]# vim corosync.conf [root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/corosync/corosync.conf totem { version: 2 crypto_cipher: none crypto_hash: none interface { member { memberaddr: 192.168.107.128 } member { memberaddr: 192.168.107.129 } ringnumber: 0 bindnetaddr: 192.168.107.0 mcastport: 5405 } transport: udpu } service { name: pacemaker } logging { fileline: off to_stderr: no to_logfile: yes logfile: /var/log/cluster/corosync.log to_syslog: yes debug: off timestamp: on logger_subsys { subsys: QUORUM debug: off } } amf { mode: disabled } aisexec { user: root greoup: root } quorum { provider: corosync_votequorum expected_votes: 2 two_nodes: 1 } [root@node1 ~]# [root@node1 ~]# scp /etc/corosync/corosync.conf root@node2:/etc/corosync/
为集群生成corosync keys并拷贝到其他节点:
node1:
[root@node1 ~]# mv /dev/{random,random.bak} [root@node1 ~]# ln -s /dev/urandom /dev/random [root@node1 ~]# corosync-keygen [root@node1 ~]# ll /etc/corosync/authkey [root@node1 ~]# chmod 0400 /etc/corosync/authkey [root@node1 ~]# scp /etc/corosync/authkey root@node2:/etc/corosync/
启动服务:
node1 node2: [root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/corosync start Starting Corosync Cluster Engine (corosync): [确定] [root@node1 ~]# [root@node1 ~]# ssh node2 "/etc/init.d/corosync start" Starting Corosync Cluster Engine (corosync): [确定] [root@node1 ~]#
#crm编译安装:
[root@node1 ~]# tar xf crmsh-2.1.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@node1 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/crmsh-2.1.2/ /usr/local/crmsh [root@node1 crmsh]# cd /usr/local/crmsh [root@node1 crmsh]# yum install autoconf automake -y [root@node1 crmsh]# yum install autoconf automake -y [root@node1 crmsh]# ./autogen.sh autoconf:autoconf (GNU Autoconf) 2.63 automake:automake (GNU automake) 1.11.1 aclocal automake --add-missing --include-deps --copy configure.ac:34: installing `./install-sh‘ configure.ac:34: installing `./missing‘ doc/Makefile.am:38: `%‘-style pattern rules are a GNU make extension doc/Makefile.am:40: `%‘-style pattern rules are a GNU make extension modules/Makefile.am:22: installing `./py-compile‘ Makefile.am: installing `./INSTALL‘ autoconf Now run ./configure [root@node1 crmsh]# [root@node1 crmsh]# yum install gcc -y [root@node1 crmsh]# ./configure [root@node1 crmsh]# make [root@node1 crmsh]# make install
#yum 安装
[root@node1 ~]# yum install crmsh -y [root@node1 ~]# yum install pssh -y [root@node2~]# yum install crmsh -y [root@node2~]# yum install pssh -y
#crm详解:
crm有两种工作方式
1,批处理模式,就是在shell命令行中直接输入命令
2,交互式模式(crm(live)#)进入到crmsh中交互执行
[root@node1 ~]# crm crm(live)# # help #输入help查看一下,会出下很多子命令 --help bye configure help options resource up -h cd corosync history quit script ? cib end ls ra site back cluster exit node report status crm(live)#
一级子命令
[root@node1 corosync]# crm crm(live)# help This is crm shell, a Pacemaker command line interface. Available commands: cib manage shadow CIBs //cib沙盒 resource resources management //所有的资源都在这个子命令后定义 configure CRM cluster configuration //编辑集群配置信息 node nodes management //集群节点管理子命令 options user preferences //用户优先级 history CRM cluster history //命令历史记录 site Geo-cluster support ra resource agents information center //资源代理子命令(所有与资源代理相关的程都在此命令之下) status show cluster status //显示当前集群的状态信息 help,? show help (help topics for list of topics)//查看当前区域可能的命令 end,cd,up go back one level //返回第一级crm(live) quit,bye,exit exit the program //退出crm(live)交互模式
resource资源状态控制子命令
crm(live)resource# help vailable commands: status show status of resources //显示资源状态信息 start start a resource //启动一个资源 stop stop a resource //停止一个资源 restart restart a resource //重启一个资源 promote promote a master-slave resource //提升一个主从资源 demote demote a master-slave resource //降级一个主从资源 manage put a resource into managed mode //将一个资源加入到管理模式下 unmanage put a resource into unmanaged mode //从管理模式下去除一个资源 migrate migrate a resource to another node //将资源迁移到另一个节点上 unmigrate unmigrate a resource to another node param manage a parameter of a resource //管理资源的参数 secret manage sensitive parameters //管理敏感参数 meta manage a meta attribute //管理源属性 utilization manage a utilization attribute failcount manage failcounts //管理失效计数器 cleanup cleanup resource status //清理资源状态 refresh refresh CIB from the LRM status //从LRM(LRM本地资源管理)更新CIB(集群信息库),在 reprobe probe for resources not started by the CRM //探测在CRM中没有启动的资源 trace start RA tracing //启用资源代理(RA)追踪 untrace stop RA tracing //禁用资源代理(RA)追踪 help show help (help topics for list of topics) //显示帮助 end go back one level //返回一级(crm(live)#) quit exit the program //退出交互式程序
configure资源定义子命令
crm(live)configure# help #两次table显示子命令,输入help加你想了解的任意命令,就会显示该命令的使用帮助与案例 Available commands: node define a cluster node //定义一个集群节点 primitive define a resource //定义资源 monitor add monitor operation to a primitive //对一个资源添加监控选项(如超时时间,启动失败后的操作) group define a group //定义一个组类型(将多个资源整合在一起) clone define a clone //定义一个克隆类型(可以设置总的克隆数,每一个节点上可以运行几个克隆) ms define a master-slave resource //定义一个主从类型(集群内的节点只能有一个运行主资源,其它从的做备用) rsc_template define a resource template //定义一个资源模板 location a location preference //定义位置约束优先级(默认运行于那一个节点(如果位置约束的值相同,默认倾向性那一个高,就在那一个节点上运行)) colocation colocate resources //排列约束资源(多个资源在一起的可能性) order order resources //资源的启动的先后顺序 rsc_ticket resources ticket dependency property set a cluster property //设置集群属性 rsc_defaults set resource defaults //设置资源默认属性(粘性) fencing_topology node fencing order //隔离节点顺序 role define role access rights //定义角色的访问权限 user define user access rights //定义用用户访问权限 op_defaults set resource operations defaults //设置资源默认选项 schema set or display current CIB RNG schema show display CIB objects //显示集群信息库对 edit edit CIB objects //编辑集群信息库对象(vim模式下编辑) filter filter CIB objects //过滤CIB对象 delete delete CIB objects //删除CIB对象 default-timeouts set timeouts for operations to minimums from the meta-data rename rename a CIB object //重命名CIB对象 modgroup modify group //改变资源组 refresh refresh from CIB //重新读取CIB信息 erase erase the CIB //清除CIB信息 ptest show cluster actions if changes were committed rsctest test resources as currently configured cib CIB shadow management cibstatus CIB status management and editing //cib状态管理和编辑 template edit and import a configuration from a template //编辑或导入配置模板 commit commit the changes to the CIB //将更改后的信息提交写入CIB verify verify the CIB with crm_verify //CIB语法验证 upgrade upgrade the CIB to version 1.0 //升级CIB到1.0 save save the CIB to a file //将当前CIB导出到一个文件中(导出的文件存于切换crm 之前的目录) load import the CIB from a file //从文件内容载入CIB graph generate a directed graph xml raw xml help show help (help topics for list of topics) //显示帮助信息 end go back one level //回到第一级(crm(live)#) quit exit the program //退出crm交互模式
对配置进行操作
verify、show、edit、delete、save、load、commite都是对已有的配置进行的操作。
(1)verify
用于验证刚刚完成的配置是否有效。如果出现错误,verify会给出一些有用的提示;
(2)show
格式为:
show [xml] [<id> ...]
show [xml] changed
打印出当前已有的配置。不加参数,会以与命令行相同格式的文本输出配置。加上xml参数,会以xml的格式输出配置。如果指定了资源或者属性的id,show可以输出指定部分的配置;
另外,show [xml] changed可以显示配置文件发生了那些变化。
(3)edit、delete
edit的格式为:
edit [xml] [<id> ...]
edit [xml] changed
edit可以修改已有的配置,不带参数,则是修改命令行相同格式的文本。加上xml参数,则需要修改xml格式的文本。如果指定了资源或者属性的id,就可以修改指定部分的配置。
edit [xml] changed可以对发生的变动进行编辑。
delete的格式为:
delete <id> [<id> ...]
delete用于删除指定id的资源或者属性,可以同时删除多个,id之间使用空格分隔;
(4)save、load
save的格式为:
save [xml] <file>
save可以保存当前已有的配置。
不加xml参数,save会以于命令行相同的格式将配置保存为纯文本文件;加上xml参数,则save会将配置保存为xml格式的文件。
load命令的格式为:
load [xml] method URL
method :: replace | update
load可以加载之前保存过的配置文件。提供了2种加载方法;
replace,会清空原来的配置,使用加载的配置文件;
update,会保留原来的配置,尝试将加载的配置加入当前的配置中。
同样的,不加xml参数,load会认为加载的文件使用的是命令行格式;加上xml参数,则load会以xml的方式解析加载的文件。
另外,load可以直接加载通过url地址加载远程的配置文件,如http://storage.big.com/cibs/bigcib.xml。
(5)commit
对于集群配置的修改并不是立即生效的,需要执行commite之后才能真正产生作用。某些情况下,commite时可能会提示拒绝提交刚刚修改的配置,那么肯定是配置的变化存在一些问题。如果能够确定自己的配置没有问题,可以使用commite force强制提交配置。
node节点管理子命令
crm(live)# node crm(live)node# help Node management and status commands. Available commands: status show nodes status as XML //以xml格式显示节点状态信息 show show node //命令行格式显示节点状态信息 standby put node into standby //模拟指定节点离线(standby在后面必须的FQDN) online set node online // 节点重新上线 maintenance put node into maintenance mode //将一个节点状态改为maintenance ready put node into ready mode //将一个节点状态改为ready fence fence node //隔离节点 clearstate Clear node state //清理节点状态信息 delete delete node //删除 一个节点 attribute manage attributes utilization manage utilization attributes status-attr manage status attributes help show help (help topics for list of topics) end go back one level //回到上一次 quit exit the program //退出
ra资源代理子命令
crm(live)# ra crm(live)ra# help Available commands: classes list classes and providers //为资源代理分类 list list RA for a class (and provider)//显示一个类别中的提供的资源 meta show meta data for a RA //显示一个资源代理序的可用参数(如meta ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2) providers show providers for a RA and a class help show help (help topics for list of topics) end go back one level quit exit the program
查看当前集群系统所支持的类型
[root@node1 ~]# crm crm(live)# ra crm(live)ra# classes lsb ocf / .isolation heartbeat pacemaker service stonith crm(live)ra#
查看某种类别下的所用资源代理的列表
crm(live)ra# list lsb auditd blk-availability bmc-snmp-proxy cman corosync corosync-notifyd crond exchange-bmc-os-info haldaemon halt htcacheclean httpd ip6tables ipmievd iptables iscsi iscsid killall libvirt-guests lvm2-lvmetad lvm2-monitor mdmonitor messagebus modclusterd multipathd netconsole netfs network nfs nfs-rdma nfslock ntpdate oddjobd pacemaker pacemaker_remote postfix quota_nld rdisc rdma restorecond ricci rpcbind rpcgssd rpcidmapd rpcsvcgssd rsyslog sandbox saslauthd single sshd udev-post winbind crm(live)ra#
查看某个资源代理的配置方法
crm(live)ra# info ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr crm(live)ra# list ocf heartbeat CTDB Delay Dummy Filesystem IPaddr IPaddr2 IPsrcaddr LVM MailTo Route SendArp Squid VirtualDomain Xinetd apache conntrackd db2 dhcpd ethmonitor exportfs iSCSILogicalUnit mysql named nfsnotify nfsserver nginx oracle oralsnr pgsql portblock postfix rsyncd symlink tomcat crm(live)ra#
如果想要查看某种类别下的所用资源代理的列表,可以使用类似如下命令实现:
# crm ra list lsb
# crm ra list ocf heartbeat
# crm ra list ocf pacemaker
# crm ra list stonith
eg:示例
crm(live)configure# show node node1 node node2 property cib-bootstrap-options: have-watchdog=false dc-version=1.1.15-5.el6-e174ec8 cluster-infrastructure="classic openais (with plugin)" expected-quorum-votes=2 crm(live)configure
全局配置:
crm(live)configure# property stonith-enabled="false"
crm(live)configure# property no-quorum-policy="ignore"
crm(live)configure# rsc_defaults resource-stickiness=100
配置fip资源
crm(live)configure# primitive fip ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr params ip="192.168.179.132" cidr_netmask="255.255.255.0" nic="eth0" op monitor interval="10" crm(live)configure# crm(live)configure# show #查看已增加好的VIP node node1 node node2 primitive fip IPaddr params ip=192.168.179.132 cidr_netmask=255.255.255.0 nic=eth0 op monitor interval=10 property cib-bootstrap-options: have-watchdog=false dc-version=1.1.15-5.el6-e174ec8 cluster-infrastructure="classic openais (with plugin)" expected-quorum-votes=2 stonith-enabled=false no-quorum-policy=ignore rsc_defaults rsc-options: resource-stickiness=100 crm(live)configure# crm(live)configure# verify #检查一下配置文件有没有错误 crm(live)configure# commit #提交配置的资源,在命令行配置资源时,只要不用commit提交配置好资源,就不会生效。 [root@node1 ~]# ping 192.168.8.140 PING 192.168.8.140 (192.168.8.140) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.8.140: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.027 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.8.140: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.046 ms ^C --- 192.168.8.140 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1172ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.027/0.036/0.046/0.011 ms [root@node1 ~]#
将此集群配置成为一个active/passive模型的web(httpd)服务集群
[root@node1 ~]# yum install httpd -y [root@node1 ~]# echo "node1 by renzhiyuan" >/var/www/html/index.html [root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start [root@node2 ~]# yum install httpd -y [root@node2 ~]# echo "node2 by renzhiyuan" >/var/www/html/index.html [root@node2 ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start 测试确保可正常访问: http://192.168.8.111/ http://192.168.8.112/
接下来我们将此httpd服务添加为集群资源。将httpd添加为集群资源有两处资源代理可用:lsb和ocf:heartbeat,为了简单起见,我们这里使用lsb类型:
首先可以使用如下命令查看lsb类型的httpd资源的语法格式:
crm(live)ra# info lsb:httpd start and stop Apache HTTP Server (lsb:httpd) server implementing the current HTTP standards. Operations‘ defaults (advisory minimum): start timeout=15 stop timeout=15 status timeout=15 restart timeout=15 force-reload timeout=15 monitor timeout=15 interval=15 crm(live)ra#
接下来新建资源httpd:
crm(live)# configure crm(live)configure# primitive httpd lsb:httpd crm(live)configure# show node node1 node node2 primitive httpd lsb:httpd primitive vip IPaddr params ip=192.168.8.140 nic=eth2 cidr_netmask=24 property cib-bootstrap-options: expected-quorum-votes=2 have-watchdog=false dc-version=1.1.15-5.el6-e174ec8 cluster-infrastructure="classic openais (with plugin)" stonith-enabled=false no-quorum-policy=ignore rsc_defaults rsc-options: resource-stickiness=100 crm(live)configure# verify crm(live)configure# commit crm(live)configure#
来查看一下资源状态
crm(live)# status Stack: classic openais (with plugin) Current DC: node1 (version 1.1.15-5.el6-e174ec8) - partition with quorum Last updated: Wed Jun 28 12:08:55 2017Last change: Wed Jun 28 12:08:28 2017 by root via cibadmin on node1 , 2 expected votes 2 nodes and 2 resources configured Online: [ node1 node2 ] Full list of resources: vip(ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr):Started node1 httpd(lsb:httpd):Started node2 crm(live)#
定义组资源
crm(live)# configure crm(live)configure# group webservice vip httpd crm(live)configure# show node node1 node node2 primitive httpd lsb:httpd primitive vip IPaddr params ip=192.168.8.140 nic=eth2 cidr_netmask=24 group webservice vip httpd property cib-bootstrap-options: expected-quorum-votes=2 have-watchdog=false dc-version=1.1.15-5.el6-e174ec8 cluster-infrastructure="classic openais (with plugin)" stonith-enabled=false no-quorum-policy=ignore rsc_defaults rsc-options: resource-stickiness=100 crm(live)configure# verify crm(live)configure# commit crm(live)configure#
再次来查看一下资源状态
crm(live)# status Stack: classic openais (with plugin) Current DC: node1 (version 1.1.15-5.el6-e174ec8) - partition with quorum Last updated: Wed Jun 28 12:13:16 2017Last change: Wed Jun 28 12:11:45 2017 by root via cibadmin on node1 , 2 expected votes 2 nodes and 2 resources configured Online: [ node1 node2 ] Full list of resources: Resource Group: webservice vip(ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr):Started node1 httpd(lsb:httpd):Started node1 crm(live)#
访问:
http://192.168.8.140/ node1 by renzhiyuan
故障模拟:
[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/corosync stop [root@node2 ~]# crm crm(live)# node crm(live)node# standby crm(live)node# cd .. crm(live)# cd node crm(live)node# standby crm(live)node# cd .. crm(live)# status Stack: classic openais (with plugin) Current DC: node2 (version 1.1.15-5.el6-e174ec8) - partition with quorum Last updated: Wed Jun 28 12:55:16 2017Last change: Wed Jun 28 12:55:12 2017 by root via crm_attribute on node1 , 2 expected votes 2 nodes and 2 resources configured Node node1: standby Online: [ node2 ] Full list of resources: Resource Group: webservice vip(ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr):Started node2 httpd(lsb:httpd):Started node2 crm(live)#
访问:
http://192.168.8.140/ node2 by renzhiyuan
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corosync+pacemaker+http高可用操作手记
标签:corosync+pacemaker+http高可用操作手记
原文地址:http://renzhiyuan.blog.51cto.com/10433137/1942676