使用 Eclipse 的 Maven 2 插件开发一个 JEE 项目

1.新建 Maven 项目

        Eclipse 的 Package Explorer 视图下右击 -> New -> Maven -> Maven Project -> Next -> Select project name and location 对话框直接点 Next -> Select an Archetype 对话框，Catalog 选择 "All Catalogs"，Filter 选择 Group Id 为 "org.apache.maven.archetypes"、Artifact Id 为 "maven-archetype-quickstart"、Version 为 "1.1" 的那个，点 Next -> Enter an artifact id 对话框，Group Id 输入项目组 "mia"，Artifact Id 输入 "noti-service"(最好是你的项目名)，Version 输入版本号 "1.0.0"，Package 输入主干包名 "com.defonds.noti"，点击 Finish，新的 Maven 项目 noti-service 生成。如下图所示：

        2.编辑 pom.xml

        根据项目的需要，引入所依赖的包。作者的 pom.xml 示例如下：

 

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>mia</groupId>
  <artifactId>noti-service</artifactId>
  <version>1.0.0</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>
  <name>noti-service</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <spring.version>3.1.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <httpClient.version>4.1.3</httpClient.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- uniform spring version and using new spring MVC annotation begin-->

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- uniform spring version and using new spring MVC annotation end-->

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
        <version>1.9.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.16</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.ibatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>ibatis-sqlmap</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.4.726</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
        <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
             <groupId>commons-exec</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-exec</artifactId>
            <version>1.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.19</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.6.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        <version>1.6.1</version>
    </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>${httpClient.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
            <version>${httpClient.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
            <version>${httpClient.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
            <version>1.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- api invoker -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>json</groupId>
            <artifactId>json</artifactId>
            <version>2.3</version>
        </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.6</source>
                <target>1.6</target>
                <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                <failOnError>false</failOnError>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>

        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <archive>
                    <addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>
                </archive>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>

        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>attach-sources</id>
                    <phase>verify</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>jar</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>

        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.2-beta-1</version>
            <configuration>
                <descriptors>
                    <descriptor>assembly.xml</descriptor>
                </descriptors>
                <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>
            </configuration>

            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>make-assembly</id>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>single</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

 

 

        3.新建 web.xml

        src - main 下新建目录 webapp，webapp 下新建目录 WEB-INF，WEB-INF 下新建 web.xml，如下图所示：

        根据项目的实际需要编辑 web.xml，作者的示例如下：

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
    <display-name>noti-service</display-name>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/log4j.properties</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
        <param-value>noti-service.root</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
        <param-value>60000</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>SetCharacterEncoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>SetCharacterEncoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>



    <!-- Spring MVC see /WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!-- session timeout, unit: second -->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>120</session-timeout>
    </session-config>

</web-app>

 

 

        4.新建资源目录

        src - main 和 src - test 下分别新建 Source Folder 名为 resources：

        5.修改 .classpath

        切换至 Eclipse 的 Navigator 视图，编辑 noti-service 项目下的 .classpath 文件内容如下：

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<classpath>
    <classpathentry kind="src" path="src/main/java"/>
    <classpathentry kind="src" path="src/main/resources"/>
    <classpathentry kind="src" path="src/test/java"/>
    <classpathentry kind="src" path="src/test/resources"/>
    <classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER"/>
    <classpathentry kind="con" path="org.maven.ide.eclipse.MAVEN2_CLASSPATH_CONTAINER"/>
    <classpathentry kind="var" path="TOMCAT_HOME/lib/servlet-api.jar"/>
    <classpathentry kind="var" path="TOMCAT_HOME/lib/jasper.jar"/>
    <classpathentry kind="var" path="TOMCAT_HOME/lib/jsp-api.jar"/>
    <classpathentry kind="var" path="TOMCAT_HOME/lib/el-api.jar"/>
    <classpathentry kind="var" path="TOMCAT_HOME/lib/annotations-api.jar"/>
    <classpathentry kind="output" path="src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes"/>
</classpath>

 

 

        编辑好保存后，Package Explorer 视图下的 noti-service 如下：

        6.部署到 tomcat 下
        首先要安装 tomcat 插件，可以参考《集成 Tomcat 插件到 Eclipse 的过程》。

        安装好 tomcat 插件后，Package Explorer 视图下右击项目名，点击 Properties 打开 Properties 对话框，Tomcat -> 勾选 Is a Tomcat Project，输入 Context name 内容为 "/noti"，输入 Subdirectory to set as web application root(optional) 内容为 "/src/main/webapp"，(可以参考下图)点击 OK。

        这时项目根目录下会有 .tomcatplugin 生成，而 %tomcat%/conf/Catalina/localhost 目录下会有 noti.xml 生成。
        7.修改 .tomcatplugin

        切换至 Eclipse 的 Navigator 视图，编辑 noti-service 项目下的 .tomcatplugin 文件内容如下：

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<tomcatProjectProperties>
    <rootDir>/src/main/webapp</rootDir>
    <exportSource>false</exportSource>
    <reloadable>false</reloadable>
    <redirectLogger>true</redirectLogger>
    <updateXml>true</updateXml>
    <warLocation></warLocation>
    <extraInfo></extraInfo>
    <webPath>/noti</webPath>
    <webClassPathEntries>
        <webClassPathEntry>/noti-service/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes</webClassPathEntry>
        <webClassPathEntry>org.maven.ide.eclipse.MAVEN2_CLASSPATH_CONTAINER</webClassPathEntry>
    </webClassPathEntries>
</tomcatProjectProperties>

 

        8.断点跟踪

        这时，你就可以单击工具栏里的小猫按钮，对自己的 JEE 项目进行断点跟踪调试了。项目最终截图如下：