标签:linux
linux企业级知识点总结
Mysql主从复制与读写分离原理图
Mysql的主从复制:从服务器在主服务器上自动同步数据。
Mysql的读写分离:通过amoeba服务器控制用户读数据在从服务器上进行,写数据从主服务器上进行,这样可以做到负载均衡。
搭建mysql主从复制:
v 建立时间同步环境
#yum -y install ntp
#vim /etc/ntp.conf
修改相关内容:
Server 127.127.1.0
Fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 8
#service ntpd restart
#yum -y install ntpdate
#/usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.1.1.1
v 安装mysql数据库
# yum -y install ncurses-devel
# yum -y install cmake
# tar xzvf mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.5.22
#cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc
#make && make install
#useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql
# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/
# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile
# . /etc/profile
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chkconfig --add mysqld
# chkconfig mysqld on
#service mysqld start
# mysqladmin -u root password 123
v 修改master主服务器配置文件
#vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id = 11
log-bin=master-bin
log-slave-updates=true
v 重启服务
#Service mysqld restart
v 登陆mysql数据库,给从服务器授权
#mysql -u root -p123
Mysql>GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO ‘ren’@’1.1.1.%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123’;
Mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Mysql>show master status;
注:*.*表示所有数据库下所有表
v 配置从服务器
#vim /etc/my.cnf
修改内容:
Server-id = 22
Relay-log=relay-log-bin
Relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
注:这里的ID号不能与主服务器相同
v 重启服务
#service mysqld restart
v 登陆mysql配置同步
#mysql -u root -p123,
Mysql>change master to master_host=1.1.1.1,master_user=ren ,master_password=’123’,
master_log_file=’master-bin.000001’,master_log_pos=339
v 启动同步
Mysql>start slave;
Mysql>show slave status\G;
验证方法:在主服务器上创建一个新的数据库,在从服务器上查看是否同步过来。
Mysql的读写分离
搭建amoeba服务器
v 安装JAVA环境
# chmod +x jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin
# ./jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin
# mv jdk1.6.0_14/ /usr/local/jdk1.6
#vim /etc/profile
添加内容:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
export AMOEBA_HOME=/usr/local/amoeba/
export PATH=$PATH:$AMOEBA_HOME/bin
#source /etc/profile
#java -version
v 安装amoeba软件
#mkdir /usr/local/amoeba
#tar xzvf amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/amoeba
#chmod -R 755 /usr/local/amoeba
v 配置master,slave1,salve2服务器开放权限给amoeba访问
Grant all on *.* to test@’1.1.1.%’ identified by ‘123’;
v 编辑配置amoeba.xml配置文件,指定amoeba的用户名和密码,指定读写服务器。
#vim /usr/local/amoeba/conf/amoeba.xml
<property name="authenticator">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator">
<property name="user">amoeba</property>
<property name="password">123</property>
<property name="filter">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.IPAccessController">
<property name="ipFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/access_list.conf</property>
</bean>
</property>
<property name="defaultPool">master</property>
<property name="writePool">master</property>
<property name="readPool">slaves</property>
v 编辑配置dbservers.xml配置文件,指定访问的数据库的账号和密码,指定主从服务器
#vim /usr/local/amoeba/conf/dbServers.xml
<!-- mysql user -->
<property name="user">test</property>
<property name="password">123</property>
<dbServer name="master" parent="abstractServer">
<factoryConfig>
<!-- mysql ip -->
<property name="ipAddress">1.1.1.1</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServer name="slave2" parent="abstractServer">
<factoryConfig>
<!-- mysql ip -->
<property name="ipAddress">1.1.1.2</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>
<dbServer name="slaves" virtual="true">
<poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool">
<!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA-->
<property name="loadbalance">1</property>
<!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 -->
<property name="poolNames">slave1,slave2</property>
</poolConfig>
</dbServer>
v 启动amoeba软件
#/usr/local/amoeba/bin/amoeba start
验证方法:在master服务器上写入数据同步到slave读服务器上,然后slave读服务器关闭同步,自己增加相关表中内容,然后使用客户端连接测试是否能成功在slacve服务器上读取内容。
关闭同步:Mysql>stop slave;
标签:linux
原文地址:http://10978134.blog.51cto.com/10968134/1945785