C++自动类型转化--特殊构造函数方法和重载的运算符方法

#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>

class Three
{
    int i;
public:
    Three(int ii = 0, int = 0) : i(ii) 
    {
        std::cout << "you call Three()" << std::endl;
    }
};


class Four
{
    int x;
public:
    Four(int xx) : x(xx) {}
    operator Three() const { return Three(x);}
};

void g(Three) {}
int main()
{
    Four four(1);
    g(four);
    g(1);//calls Three(1,0)
    int n;
    std::cin >> n;
}
//输出两次：

you call Three()

//这个构造函数能够把另一类型的对象（引用）作为它的单个参数，那么构造函数允许编译器执行自动类型转换；
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>

class One
{
public:
    One() {}    
};

class Two
{
public:
    Two(const One&) 
    {
        std::cout << "you call Two()" << std::endl;
    }
};


void f(Two) {}

int main()
{
    One one;
    f(one);//wants a Two ,has a one
    //输出："you call Two()”

    int i;
    std::cin >> i;
}
注意：以上方法调用了Two的隐藏的构造函数，如果关心调用效率的话不要这样使用！

//使用关键词explicit时，必须显示调用，完成类型转换
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class One
{
public:
    One() { }
};

class Two
{
public:
    explicit Two(const One&) {}
};

void f(Two) {}

int main()
{
    One one;
    //!f(one);//NO auto conversion allowed 
    f(Two(one));

    //int i;
    //cin >> i;
}