SpringMVC 教程02

<!-- \build\classes\springmvc.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.springmvc"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!--  
        default-servlet-handler 将在 SpringMVC 上下文中定义一个 DefaultServletHttpRequestHandler,
        它会对进入 DispatcherServlet 的请求进行筛查, 如果发现是没有经过映射的请求, 就将该请求交由 WEB 应用服务器默认的 
        Servlet 处理. 如果不是静态资源的请求，才由 DispatcherServlet 继续处理

        一般 WEB 应用服务器默认的 Servlet 的名称都是 default.
        若所使用的 WEB 服务器的默认 Servlet 名称不是 default，则需要通过 default-servlet-name 属性显式指定
        
    -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"></mvc:annotation-driven>    
    
    <!-- 配置 ConversionService -->
    <bean id="conversionService"
        class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
        <property name="converters">
            <set>
                <ref bean="employeeConverter"/>
            </set>
        </property>    
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置国际化资源文件 -->
    <bean id="messageSource"
        class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
        <property name="basename" value="i18n"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置 SessionLocalResolver -->
    <bean id="localeResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver"></bean>
    
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <!-- 配置自定义的拦截器 -->
        <bean class="com.atguigu.springmvc.interceptors.FirstInterceptor"></bean>
        
        <!-- 配置拦截器(不)作用的路径 -->
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/emps"/>
            <bean class="com.atguigu.springmvc.interceptors.SecondInterceptor"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
        
        <!-- 配置 LocaleChanceInterceptor -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor"></bean>
    </mvc:interceptors>
    
    <!--  
    <mvc:view-controller path="/i18n" view-name="i18n"/>
    -->
    <mvc:view-controller path="/i18n2" view-name="i18n2"/>
    
    <!-- 配置 MultipartResolver -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="1024000"></property>    
    </bean>    
    
    <!-- 配置使用 SimpleMappingExceptionResolver 来映射异常 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
        <property name="exceptionAttribute" value="ex"></property>
        <property name="exceptionMappings">
            <props>
                <prop key="java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException">error</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>    
        
</beans>

<!-- \src\springmvc.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.springmvc"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!--  
        default-servlet-handler 将在 SpringMVC 上下文中定义一个 DefaultServletHttpRequestHandler,
        它会对进入 DispatcherServlet 的请求进行筛查, 如果发现是没有经过映射的请求, 就将该请求交由 WEB 应用服务器默认的 
        Servlet 处理. 如果不是静态资源的请求，才由 DispatcherServlet 继续处理

        一般 WEB 应用服务器默认的 Servlet 的名称都是 default.
        若所使用的 WEB 服务器的默认 Servlet 名称不是 default，则需要通过 default-servlet-name 属性显式指定
        
    -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"></mvc:annotation-driven>    
    
    <!-- 配置 ConversionService -->
    <bean id="conversionService"
        class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
        <property name="converters">
            <set>
                <ref bean="employeeConverter"/>
            </set>
        </property>    
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置国际化资源文件 -->
    <bean id="messageSource"
        class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
        <property name="basename" value="i18n"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置 SessionLocalResolver -->
    <bean id="localeResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver"></bean>
    
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <!-- 配置自定义的拦截器 -->
        <bean class="com.atguigu.springmvc.interceptors.FirstInterceptor"></bean>
        
        <!-- 配置拦截器(不)作用的路径 -->
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/emps"/>
            <bean class="com.atguigu.springmvc.interceptors.SecondInterceptor"></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
        
        <!-- 配置 LocaleChanceInterceptor -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor"></bean>
    </mvc:interceptors>
    
    <!--  
    <mvc:view-controller path="/i18n" view-name="i18n"/>
    -->
    <mvc:view-controller path="/i18n2" view-name="i18n2"/>
    
    <!-- 配置 MultipartResolver -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="1024000"></property>    
    </bean>    
    
    <!-- 配置使用 SimpleMappingExceptionResolver 来映射异常 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
        <property name="exceptionAttribute" value="ex"></property>
        <property name="exceptionMappings">
            <props>
                <prop key="java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException">error</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>    
        
</beans>

<!-- \WebContent\WEB-INF\web.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

    <!-- 配置 SpringMVC 的 DispatcherServlet -->
    <!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
    <!-- 配置 HiddenHttpMethodFilter: 把 POST 请求转为 DELETE、PUT 请求 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

// \src\com\atguigu\springmvc\converters\EmployeeConverter.java
package com.atguigu.springmvc.converters;

import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;
import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;

@Component
public class EmployeeConverter implements Converter<String, Employee> {

    @Override
    public Employee convert(String source) {
        if(source != null){
            String [] vals = source.split("-");
            //GG-gg@atguigu.com-0-105
            if(vals != null && vals.length == 4){
                String lastName = vals[0];
                String email = vals[1];
                Integer gender = Integer.parseInt(vals[2]);
                Department department = new Department();
                department.setId(Integer.parseInt(vals[3]));
                
                Employee employee = new Employee(null, lastName, email, gender, department);
                System.out.println(source + "--convert--" + employee);
                return employee;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

}

// \src\com\atguigu\springmvc\crud\dao\DepartmentDao.java
package com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.dao;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;

@Repository
public class DepartmentDao {

    private static Map<Integer, Department> departments = null;
    
    static{
        departments = new HashMap<Integer, Department>();
        
        departments.put(101, new Department(101, "D-AA"));
        departments.put(102, new Department(102, "D-BB"));
        departments.put(103, new Department(103, "D-CC"));
        departments.put(104, new Department(104, "D-DD"));
        departments.put(105, new Department(105, "D-EE"));
    }
    
    public Collection<Department> getDepartments(){
        return departments.values();
    }
    
    public Department getDepartment(Integer id){
        return departments.get(id);
    }
    
}

// \src\com\atguigu\springmvc\crud\dao\EmployeeDao.java
package com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.dao;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;
import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;

@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {

    private static Map<Integer, Employee> employees = null;
    
    @Autowired
    private DepartmentDao departmentDao;
    
    static{
        employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();

        employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "aa@163.com", 1, new Department(101, "D-AA")));
        employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "bb@163.com", 1, new Department(102, "D-BB")));
        employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "cc@163.com", 0, new Department(103, "D-CC")));
        employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "dd@163.com", 0, new Department(104, "D-DD")));
        employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "ee@163.com", 1, new Department(105, "D-EE")));
    }
    
    private static Integer initId = 1006;
    
    public void save(Employee employee){
        if(employee.getId() == null){
            employee.setId(initId++);
        }
        
        employee.setDepartment(departmentDao.getDepartment(employee.getDepartment().getId()));
        employees.put(employee.getId(), employee);
    }
    
    public Collection<Employee> getAll(){
        return employees.values();
    }
    
    public Employee get(Integer id){
        return employees.get(id);
    }
    
    public void delete(Integer id){
        employees.remove(id);
    }
}

// \src\com\atguigu\springmvc\crud\entities\Department.java
package com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities;

public class Department {

    private Integer id;
    private String departmentName;

    public Department() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    
    public Department(int i, String string) {
        this.id = i;
        this.departmentName = string;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getDepartmentName() {
        return departmentName;
    }

    public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
        this.departmentName = departmentName;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Department [id=" + id + ", departmentName=" + departmentName
                + "]";
    }
    
}

// \src\com\atguigu\springmvc\crud\entities\Employee.java
package com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.validation.constraints.Past;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.NumberFormat;

public class Employee {

    private Integer id;
    @NotEmpty
    private String lastName;

    @Email
    private String email;
    //1 male, 0 female
    private Integer gender;
    
    private Department department;
    
    @Past
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
    private Date birth;
    
    @NumberFormat(pattern="#,###,###.#")
    private Float salary;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public Integer getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(Integer gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public Department getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }

    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    public Float getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public void setSalary(Float salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Employee [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email="
                + email + ", gender=" + gender + ", department=" + department
                + ", birth=" + birth + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
    }

    public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer gender,
            Department department) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.lastName = lastName;
        this.email = email;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.department = department;
    }

    public Employee() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
}

// \src\com\atguigu\springmvc\crud\handlers\EmployeeHandler.java
package com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.handlers;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.Errors;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.dao.DepartmentDao;
import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.dao.EmployeeDao;
import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;

@Controller
public class EmployeeHandler {

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
    
    @Autowired
    private DepartmentDao departmentDao;

    @ModelAttribute
    public void getEmployee(@RequestParam(value="id",required=false) Integer id,
            Map<String, Object> map){
        if(id != null){
            map.put("employee", employeeDao.get(id));
        }
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.PUT)
    public String update(Employee employee){
        employeeDao.save(employee);
        
        return "redirect:/emps";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/emp/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String input(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, Map<String, Object> map){
        map.put("employee", employeeDao.get(id));
        map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
        return "input";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/emp/{id}", method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public String delete(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        employeeDao.delete(id);
        return "redirect:/emps";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String save(@Valid Employee employee, Errors result, 
            Map<String, Object> map){
        System.out.println("save: " + employee);
        
        if(result.getErrorCount() > 0){
            System.out.println("出错了!");
            
            for(FieldError error:result.getFieldErrors()){
                System.out.println(error.getField() + ":" + error.getDefaultMessage());
            }
            
            //若验证出错, 则转向定制的页面
            map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
            return "input";
        }
        
        employeeDao.save(employee);
        return "redirect:/emps";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String input(Map<String, Object> map){
        map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
        map.put("employee", new Employee());
        return "input";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/emps")
    public String list(Map<String, Object> map){
        map.put("employees", employeeDao.getAll());
        return "list";
    }
    
//    @InitBinder
//    public void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder){
//        binder.setDisallowedFields("lastName");
//    }
    
}

// \src\com\atguigu\springmvc\interceptors\FirstInterceptor.java
package com.atguigu.springmvc.interceptors;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

public class FirstInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor{

    /**
     * 该方法在目标方法之前被调用.
     * 若返回值为 true, 则继续调用后续的拦截器和目标方法. 
     * 若返回值为 false, 则不会再调用后续的拦截器和目标方法. 
     * 
     * 可以考虑做权限. 日志, 事务等. 
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("[FirstInterceptor] preHandle");
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 调用目标方法之后, 但渲染视图之前. 
     * 可以对请求域中的属性或视图做出修改. 
     */
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
            ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("[FirstInterceptor] postHandle");
    }

    /**
     * 渲染视图之后被调用. 释放资源
     */
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("[FirstInterceptor] afterCompletion");
    }

}

// \src\com\atguigu\springmvc\interceptors\SecondInterceptor.java
package com.atguigu.springmvc.interceptors;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

public class SecondInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor{

    /**
     * 该方法在目标方法之前被调用.
     * 若返回值为 true, 则继续调用后续的拦截器和目标方法. 
     * 若返回值为 false, 则不会再调用后续的拦截器和目标方法. 
     * 
     * 可以考虑做权限. 日志, 事务等. 
     */
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("[SecondInterceptor] preHandle");
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 调用目标方法之后, 但渲染视图之前. 
     * 可以对请求域中的属性或视图做出修改. 
     */
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
            ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("[SecondInterceptor] postHandle");
    }

    /**
     * 渲染视图之后被调用. 释放资源
     */
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
            throws Exception {
        System.out.println("[SecondInterceptor] afterCompletion");
    }

}

// \src\com\atguigu\springmvc\test\SpringMVCTest.java
package com.atguigu.springmvc.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.dao.EmployeeDao;
import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;

@Controller
public class SpringMVCTest {

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
    
    @Autowired
    private ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource;
    
    @RequestMapping("/testSimpleMappingExceptionResolver")
    public String testSimpleMappingExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i){
        String [] vals = new String[10];
        System.out.println(vals[i]);
        return "success";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/testDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String testDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver(){
        System.out.println("testDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver...");
        return "success";
    }
    
    @ResponseStatus(reason="测试",value=HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)
    @RequestMapping("/testResponseStatusExceptionResolver")
    public String testResponseStatusExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i){
        if(i == 13){
            throw new UserNameNotMatchPasswordException();
        }
        System.out.println("testResponseStatusExceptionResolver...");
        
        return "success";
    }
    
//    @ExceptionHandler({RuntimeException.class})
//    public ModelAndView handleArithmeticException2(Exception ex){
//        System.out.println("[出异常了]: " + ex);
//        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("error");
//        mv.addObject("exception", ex);
//        return mv;
//    }
    
    /**
     * 1. 在 @ExceptionHandler 方法的入参中可以加入 Exception 类型的参数, 该参数即对应发生的异常对象
     * 2. @ExceptionHandler 方法的入参中不能传入 Map. 若希望把异常信息传导页面上, 需要使用 ModelAndView 作为返回值
     * 3. @ExceptionHandler 方法标记的异常有优先级的问题. 
     * 4. @ControllerAdvice: 如果在当前 Handler 中找不到 @ExceptionHandler 方法来出来当前方法出现的异常, 
     * 则将去 @ControllerAdvice 标记的类中查找 @ExceptionHandler 标记的方法来处理异常. 
     */
//    @ExceptionHandler({ArithmeticException.class})
//    public ModelAndView handleArithmeticException(Exception ex){
//        System.out.println("出异常了: " + ex);
//        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("error");
//        mv.addObject("exception", ex);
//        return mv;
//    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver")
    public String testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i){
        System.out.println("result: " + (10 / i));
        return "success";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/testFileUpload")
    public String testFileUpload(@RequestParam("desc") String desc, 
            @RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) throws IOException{
        System.out.println("desc: " + desc);
        System.out.println("OriginalFilename: " + file.getOriginalFilename());
        System.out.println("InputStream: " + file.getInputStream());
        return "success";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/i18n")
    public String testI18n(Locale locale){
        String val = messageSource.getMessage("i18n.user", null, locale);
        System.out.println(val); 
        return "i18n";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/testResponseEntity")
    public ResponseEntity<byte[]> testResponseEntity(HttpSession session) throws IOException{
        byte [] body = null;
        ServletContext servletContext = session.getServletContext();
        InputStream in = servletContext.getResourceAsStream("/files/abc.txt");
        body = new byte[in.available()];
        in.read(body);
        
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=abc.txt");
        
        HttpStatus statusCode = HttpStatus.OK;
        
        ResponseEntity<byte[]> response = new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(body, headers, statusCode);
        return response;
    }
    
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/testHttpMessageConverter")
    public String testHttpMessageConverter(@RequestBody String body){
        System.out.println(body);
        return "helloworld! " + new Date();
    }
    
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/testJson")
    public Collection<Employee> testJson(){
        return employeeDao.getAll();
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/testConversionServiceConverer")
    public String testConverter(@RequestParam("employee") Employee employee){
        System.out.println("save: " + employee);
        employeeDao.save(employee);
        return "redirect:/emps";
    }
    
}

// \src\com\atguigu\springmvc\test\SpringMVCTestExceptionHandler.java
package com.atguigu.springmvc.test;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@ControllerAdvice
public class SpringMVCTestExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler({ArithmeticException.class})
    public ModelAndView handleArithmeticException(Exception ex){
        System.out.println("----> 出异常了: " + ex);
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("error");
        mv.addObject("exception", ex);
        return mv;
    }
    
}

// \src\com\atguigu\springmvc\test\UserNameNotMatchPasswordException.java
package com.atguigu.springmvc.test;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;

@ResponseStatus(value=HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN, reason="用户名和密码不匹配!")
public class UserNameNotMatchPasswordException extends RuntimeException{

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    
}

<!-- \WebContent\index.jsp -->
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function(){
        $("#testJson").click(function(){
            var url = this.href;
            var args = {};
            $.post(url, args, function(data){
                for(var i = 0; i < data.length; i++){
                    var id = data[i].id;
                    var lastName = data[i].lastName;
                    
                    alert(id + ": " + lastName);
                }
            });
            return false;
        });
    })
</script>
</head>
<body>
    
    <form action="testFileUpload" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        File: <input type="file" name="file"/>
        Desc: <input type="text" name="desc"/>
        <input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
    </form>
    
    <br><br>
    
    <a href="emps">List All Employees</a>
    <br><br>
    
    <a href="testJson" id="testJson">Test Json</a>
    <br><br>
    
    <form action="testHttpMessageConverter" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        File: <input type="file" name="file"/>
        Desc: <input type="text" name="desc"/>
        <input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
    </form>
    
    <br><br>
    
    <a href="testResponseEntity">Test ResponseEntity</a>
    
    <!--  
        关于国际化:
        1. 在页面上能够根据浏览器语言设置的情况对文本(不是内容), 时间, 数值进行本地化处理
        2. 可以在 bean 中获取国际化资源文件 Locale 对应的消息
        3. 可以通过超链接切换 Locale, 而不再依赖于浏览器的语言设置情况
        
        解决:
        1. 使用 JSTL 的 fmt 标签
        2. 在 bean 中注入 ResourceBundleMessageSource 的示例, 使用其对应的 getMessage 方法即可
        3. 配置 LocalResolver 和 LocaleChangeInterceptor
    -->    
    <br><br>
    <a href="i18n">I18N PAGE</a>
    
    <br><br>
    <a href="testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver?i=10">Test ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver</a>
    
    <br><br>
    <a href="testResponseStatusExceptionResolver?i=10">Test ResponseStatusExceptionResolver</a>
    
    <br><br>
    <a href="testDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver">Test DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver</a>
    
    <br><br>
    <a href="testSimpleMappingExceptionResolver?i=2">Test SimpleMappingExceptionResolver</a>
</body>
</html>

<!-- \WebContent\WEB-INF\views\error.jsp -->
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

    <h4>Error Page</h4>

    ${requestScope.exception }

</body>
</html>

<!-- \WebContent\WEB-INF\views\i18n.jsp -->
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>
    
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    
    <fmt:message key="i18n.user"></fmt:message>
    
    <br><br>
    <a href="i18n2">I18N2 PAGE</a>
    
    <br><br>
    <a href="i18n?locale=zh_CH">中文</a>
    
    <br><br>
    <a href="i18n?locale=en_US">英文</a>
    
</body>
</html>

<!-- \WebContent\WEB-INF\views\i18n2.jsp -->
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>
    
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    
    <fmt:message key="i18n.password"></fmt:message>
    
    <br><br>
    <a href="i18n">I18N PAGE</a>
    
</body>
</html>

<!-- \WebContent\WEB-INF\views\input.jsp -->
<%@page import="java.util.HashMap"%>
<%@page import="java.util.Map"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
    
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

    <form action="testConversionServiceConverer" method="POST">
        <!-- lastname-email-gender-department.id 例如: GG-gg@atguigu.com-0-105 -->
        Employee: <input type="text" name="employee"/>
        <input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
    </form>
    <br><br>
    
    <!--  
        1. WHY 使用 form 标签呢 ?
        可以更快速的开发出表单页面, 而且可以更方便的进行表单值的回显
        2. 注意:
        可以通过 modelAttribute 属性指定绑定的模型属性,
        若没有指定该属性，则默认从 request 域对象中读取 command 的表单 bean
        如果该属性值也不存在，则会发生错误。
    -->
    <br><br>
    <form:form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/emp" method="POST" 
        modelAttribute="employee">
        
        <form:errors path="*"></form:errors>
        <br>
        
        <c:if test="${employee.id == null }">
            <!-- path 属性对应 html 表单标签的 name 属性值 -->
            LastName: <form:input path="lastName"/>
            <form:errors path="lastName"></form:errors>
        </c:if>
        <c:if test="${employee.id != null }">
            <form:hidden path="id"/>
            <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT"/>
            <%-- 对于 _method 不能使用 form:hidden 标签, 因为 modelAttribute 对应的 bean 中没有 _method 这个属性 --%>
            <%-- 
            <form:hidden path="_method" value="PUT"/>
            --%>
        </c:if>
        
        <br>
        Email: <form:input path="email"/>
        <form:errors path="email"></form:errors>
        <br>
        <% 
            Map<String, String> genders = new HashMap();
            genders.put("1", "Male");
            genders.put("0", "Female");
            
            request.setAttribute("genders", genders);
        %>
        Gender: 
        <br>
        <form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genders }" delimiter="<br>"/>
        <br>
        Department: <form:select path="department.id" 
            items="${departments }" itemLabel="departmentName" itemValue="id"></form:select>
        <br>
        <!--  
            1. 数据类型转换
            2. 数据类型格式化
            3. 数据校验. 
            1). 如何校验 ? 注解 ?
            ①. 使用 JSR 303 验证标准
            ②. 加入 hibernate validator 验证框架的 jar 包
            ③. 在 SpringMVC 配置文件中添加 <mvc:annotation-driven />
            ④. 需要在 bean 的属性上添加对应的注解
            ⑤. 在目标方法 bean 类型的前面添加 @Valid 注解
            2). 验证出错转向到哪一个页面 ?
            注意: 需校验的 Bean 对象和其绑定结果对象或错误对象时成对出现的，它们之间不允许声明其他的入参
            3). 错误消息 ? 如何显示, 如何把错误消息进行国际化
        -->
        Birth: <form:input path="birth"/>
        <form:errors path="birth"></form:errors>
        <br>
        Salary: <form:input path="salary"/>
        <br>
        <input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
    </form:form>
    
</body>
</html>

<!-- \WebContent\WEB-INF\views\list.jsp -->
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
    
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<!--  
    SpringMVC 处理静态资源:
    1. 为什么会有这样的问题:
    优雅的 REST 风格的资源URL 不希望带 .html 或 .do 等后缀
    若将 DispatcherServlet 请求映射配置为 /, 
    则 Spring MVC 将捕获 WEB 容器的所有请求, 包括静态资源的请求, SpringMVC 会将他们当成一个普通请求处理, 
    因找不到对应处理器将导致错误。
    2. 解决: 在 SpringMVC 的配置文件中配置 <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function(){
        $(".delete").click(function(){
            var href = $(this).attr("href");
            $("form").attr("action", href).submit();            
            return false;
        });
    })
</script>
</head>
<body>
    
    <form action="" method="POST">
        <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE"/>
    </form>
    
    <c:if test="${empty requestScope.employees }">
        没有任何员工信息.
    </c:if>
    <c:if test="${!empty requestScope.employees }">
        <table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0">
            <tr>
                <th>ID</th>
                <th>LastName</th>
                <th>Email</th>
                <th>Gender</th>
                <th>Department</th>
                <th>Edit</th>
                <th>Delete</th>
            </tr>
            
            <c:forEach items="${requestScope.employees }" var="emp">
                <tr>
                    <td>${emp.id }</td>
                    <td>${emp.lastName }</td>
                    <td>${emp.email }</td>
                    <td>${emp.gender == 0 ? ‘Female‘ : ‘Male‘ }</td>
                    <td>${emp.department.departmentName }</td>
                    <td><a href="emp/${emp.id}">Edit</a></td>
                    <td><a class="delete" href="emp/${emp.id}">Delete</a></td>
                </tr>
            </c:forEach>
        </table>
    </c:if>
    
    <br><br>
    
    <a href="emp">Add New Employee</a>
    
</body>
</html>

<!-- \WebContent\WEB-INF\views\success.jsp -->
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    
    <h4>Success Page</h4>
    
</body>
</html>