标签：item 转换 isp list 最大的 int res ping sla
主要内容：
| 列表与元组 |
定义列表
1 list = [‘a‘ , ‘b‘, ‘c‘, ‘d‘]
通过下标访问列表中的元素，下标从0开始计数
1 list[0] # ‘a‘ 2 list[1] # ‘b‘ 3 list[-1] # ‘d‘ 4 list[-2] # ‘c‘
基本操作：
切片:取多个元素
1 list = ["A","B","C","D","E","F"] 2 names[1:4] #取下标1至下标4之间的数字，包括1，不包括4 3 #[‘B‘, ‘B‘, ‘D‘] 4 names[1:-1] #取下标1至-1的值，不包括-1 5 #[‘B‘, ‘C‘, ‘D‘, ‘E‘] 6 names[0:3] 7 #[‘A‘, ‘B‘, ‘C‘] 8 names[:3] #如果是从头开始取，0可以忽略，跟上句效果一样 9 #[‘A‘, ‘B‘, ‘C‘] 10 names[3:] #如果想取最后一个，必须不能写-1，只能这么写 11 #[‘D‘, ‘E‘, ‘F‘] 12 names[3:-1] #这样-1就不会被包含了 13 #[‘D‘, ‘E‘] 14 names[0::2] #后面的2是代表，每隔一个元素，就取一个 15 #[‘A‘, ‘C‘, ‘E‘] 16 names[::2] #和上句效果一样 17 #[‘A‘, ‘C‘, ‘E‘]
追加
names = [‘A‘, ‘B‘, ‘C‘, ‘D‘, ‘E‘, ‘F‘] names.append("我是新来的") names = [‘A‘, ‘B‘, ‘C‘, ‘D‘, ‘E‘, ‘F‘,‘我是新来的‘]
插入
1 names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Eric‘, ‘Rain‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘我是新来的‘] 2 names.insert(2,"强行从Eric前面插入") 3 names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘强行从Eric前面插入‘, ‘Eric‘, ‘Rain‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘我是新来的‘] 4 names.insert(5,"从eric后面插入试试新姿势") 5 names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘强行从Eric前面插入‘, ‘Eric‘, ‘Rain‘, ‘从eric后面插入试试新姿势‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘我是新来的‘]
修改
1 names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘强行从Eric前面插入‘, ‘Eric‘, ‘Rain‘, ‘从eric后面插入试试新姿势‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘我是新来的‘] 2 names[2] = "该换人了" 3 names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘该换人了‘, ‘Eric‘, ‘Rain‘, ‘从eric后面插入试试新姿势‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘我是新来的‘]
删除
1 del names[2] 2 names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Eric‘, ‘Rain‘, ‘从eric后面插入试试新姿势‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘我是新来的‘] 3 del names[4] 4 names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Eric‘, ‘Rain‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘我是新来的‘] 5 names.remove("Eric") #删除指定元素 6 names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Rain‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘我是新来的‘] 7 names.pop() #删除列表最后一个值 ‘我是新来的‘？？？或者随机删除一个 8 names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Rain‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘]
扩展
1 names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Rain‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘] 2 b = [1,2,3] 3 names.extend(b) 4 names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Rain‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘, 1, 2, 3]
拷贝
1 import copy 2 a = [1, 2, 3, 4, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]] #原始对象 3 4 b = a #赋值，传对象的引用 5 c = copy.copy(a) #对象拷贝，浅拷贝 6 d = copy.deepcopy(a) #对象拷贝，深拷贝 7 8 a.append(5) #修改对象a 9 a[4].append(‘c‘) #修改对象a中的[‘a‘, ‘b‘]数组对象 10 11 print ‘a = ‘, a 12 print ‘b = ‘, b 13 print ‘c = ‘, c 14 print ‘d = ‘, d 15 16 输出结果： 17 a = [1, 2, 3, 4, [‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘], 5] 18 b = [1, 2, 3, 4, [‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘], 5]#引用：a怎么变化变化，b怎么变化，指向同一个对象 19 c = [1, 2, 3, 4, [‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘]]#浅层拷贝：元素个数不能改变，但元素内容跟着b变化 20 d = [1, 2, 3, 4, [‘a‘, ‘b‘]]#深层拷贝：元素个数和内容都不会随着a改变，已经指向另一个对象
统计
1 names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘, 1, 2, 3] 2 names.count("Amy") 3 #2
排序&翻转
names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘Amy‘, 1, 2, 3] names.sort() #排序 Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: unorderable types: int() < str() #3.0里不同数据类型不能放在一起排序了，擦 names[-3] = ‘1‘ names[-2] = ‘2‘ names[-1] = ‘3‘ names=[‘Alex‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Tom‘, ‘1‘, ‘2‘, ‘3‘] names.sort() names=[‘1‘, ‘2‘, ‘3‘, ‘Alex‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Tom‘] names.reverse() #反转 names=[‘Tom‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘Alex‘, ‘3‘, ‘2‘, ‘1‘]
获取下标
1 names=[‘Tom‘, ‘Tenglan‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘Amy‘, ‘Alex‘, ‘3‘, ‘2‘, ‘1‘] 2 names.index("Amy") 3 #2 #只返回找到的第一个下标
元组其实跟列表差不多，也是存一组数，只不是它一旦创建，便不能再修改，所以又叫只读列表
1 name = (‘A‘, ‘B‘, ‘C‘, ‘D‘)
它只有2个方法，一个是count,一个是index。
| 字符串 |
字符串特性：不可修改
1 name.capitalize() 首字母大写 2 name.casefold() 大写全部变小写 3 name.center(50,"-") 输出 ‘---------------------Alex Li----------------------‘ 4 name.count(‘lex‘) 统计 lex出现次数 5 name.encode() 将字符串编码成bytes格式 6 name.endswith("Li") 判断字符串是否以 Li结尾 7 "Alex\tLi".expandtabs(10) 输出‘Alex Li‘， 将\t转换成多长的空格 8 name.find(‘A‘) 查找A,找到返回其索引， 找不到返回-1 9 10 format : 11 >>> msg = "my name is {}, and age is {}" 12 >>> msg.format("alex",22) 13 ‘my name is alex, and age is 22‘ 14 >>> msg = "my name is {1}, and age is {0}" 15 >>> msg.format("alex",22) 16 ‘my name is 22, and age is alex‘ 17 >>> msg = "my name is {name}, and age is {age}" 18 >>> msg.format(age=22,name="ale") 19 ‘my name is ale, and age is 22‘ 20 format_map 21 >>> msg.format_map({‘name‘:‘alex‘,‘age‘:22}) 22 ‘my name is alex, and age is 22‘ 23 24 25 msg.index(‘a‘) 返回a所在字符串的索引 26 ‘9aA‘.isalnum() True 27 28 ‘9‘.isdigit() 是否整数 29 name.isnumeric 30 name.isprintable 31 name.isspace 32 name.istitle 33 name.isupper 34 "|".join([‘alex‘,‘jack‘,‘rain‘]) 35 ‘alex|jack|rain‘ 36 37 38 maketrans 39 >>> intab = "aeiou" #This is the string having actual characters. 40 >>> outtab = "12345" #This is the string having corresponding mapping character 41 >>> trantab = str.maketrans(intab, outtab) 42 >>> 43 >>> str = "this is string example....wow!!!" 44 >>> str.translate(trantab) 45 ‘th3s 3s str3ng 2x1mpl2....w4w!!!‘ 46 47 msg.partition(‘is‘) 输出 (‘my name ‘, ‘is‘, ‘ {name}, and age is {age}‘) 48 49 >>> "alex li, chinese name is lijie".replace("li","LI",1) 50 ‘alex LI, chinese name is lijie‘ 51 52 msg.swapcase 大小写互换 53 54 55 >>> msg.zfill(40) 56 ‘00000my name is {name}, and age is {age}‘ 57 58 59 60 >>> n4.ljust(40,"-") 61 ‘Hello 2orld-----------------------------‘ 62 >>> n4.rjust(40,"-") 63 ‘-----------------------------Hello 2orld‘ 64 65 66 >>> b="ddefdsdff_哈哈" 67 >>> b.isidentifier() #检测一段字符串可否被当作标志符，即是否符合变量命名规则 68 True
| 字典 |
字典一种key - value 的数据类型，使用就像我们上学用的字典，通过笔划、字母来查对应页的详细内容。
1 info = { 2 ‘stu1101‘: "TengLan Wu", 3 ‘stu1102‘: "LongZe Luola", 4 ‘stu1103‘: "XiaoZe Maliya", 5 }
字典的特性：
增加
1 >>> info["stu1104"] = "苍井空" 2 >>> info 3 {‘stu1102‘: ‘LongZe Luola‘, ‘stu1104‘: ‘苍井空‘, ‘stu1103‘: ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘, ‘stu1101‘: ‘TengLan Wu‘}
修改
1 >>> info[‘stu1101‘] = "武藤兰" 2 >>> info 3 {‘stu1102‘: ‘LongZe Luola‘, ‘stu1103‘: ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘, ‘stu1101‘: ‘武藤兰‘}
删除
1 >>> info 2 {‘stu1102‘: ‘LongZe Luola‘, ‘stu1103‘: ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘, ‘stu1101‘: ‘武藤兰‘} 3 >>> info.pop("stu1101") #标准删除姿势 4 ‘武藤兰‘ 5 >>> info 6 {‘stu1102‘: ‘LongZe Luola‘, ‘stu1103‘: ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘} 7 >>> del info[‘stu1103‘] #换个姿势删除 8 >>> info 9 {‘stu1102‘: ‘LongZe Luola‘} 10 >>> 11 >>> 12 >>> 13 >>> info = {‘stu1102‘: ‘LongZe Luola‘, ‘stu1103‘: ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘} 14 >>> info 15 {‘stu1102‘: ‘LongZe Luola‘, ‘stu1103‘: ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘} #随机删除 16 >>> info.popitem() 17 (‘stu1102‘, ‘LongZe Luola‘) 18 >>> info 19 {‘stu1103‘: ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘}
查找
1 info = {‘stu1102‘: ‘LongZe Luola‘, ‘stu1103‘: ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘} 2 >>> "stu1102" in info #标准用法 3 True 4 >>> info.get("stu1102") #获取 5 ‘LongZe Luola‘ 6 >>> info["stu1102"] #同上，但是看下面 7 ‘LongZe Luola‘ 8 >>> info["stu1105"] #如果一个key不存在，就报错，get不会，不存在只返回None 9 Traceback (most recent call last): 10 File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> 11 KeyError: ‘stu1105‘
多级字典嵌套
1 av_catalog = { 2 "欧美":{ 3 "www.youporn.com": ["很多免费的,世界最大的","质量一般"], 4 "www.pornhub.com": ["很多免费的,也很大","质量比yourporn高点"], 5 "letmedothistoyou.com": ["多是自拍,高质量图片很多","资源不多,更新慢"], 6 "x-art.com":["质量很高,真的很高","全部收费,屌比请绕过"] 7 }, 8 "日韩":{ 9 "tokyo-hot":["质量怎样不清楚,个人已经不喜欢日韩范了","听说是收费的"] 10 }, 11 "大陆":{ 12 "1024":["全部免费,真好,好人一生平安","服务器在国外,慢"] 13 } 14 } 15 16 av_catalog["大陆"]["1024"][1] += ",可以用爬虫爬下来" 17 print(av_catalog["大陆"]["1024"]) 18 #ouput 19 [‘全部免费,真好,好人一生平安‘, ‘服务器在国外,慢,可以用爬虫爬下来‘]
其他操作
1 #values 2 >>> info.values() 3 dict_values([‘LongZe Luola‘, ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘]) 4 5 #keys 6 >>> info.keys() 7 dict_keys([‘stu1102‘, ‘stu1103‘]) 8 9 10 #setdefault 11 >>> info.setdefault("stu1106","Alex") 12 ‘Alex‘ 13 >>> info 14 {‘stu1102‘: ‘LongZe Luola‘, ‘stu1103‘: ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘, ‘stu1106‘: ‘Alex‘} 15 >>> info.setdefault("stu1102","龙泽萝拉") 16 ‘LongZe Luola‘ 17 >>> info 18 {‘stu1102‘: ‘LongZe Luola‘, ‘stu1103‘: ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘, ‘stu1106‘: ‘Alex‘} 19 20 21 #update 22 >>> info 23 {‘stu1102‘: ‘LongZe Luola‘, ‘stu1103‘: ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘, ‘stu1106‘: ‘Alex‘} 24 >>> b = {1:2,3:4, "stu1102":"龙泽萝拉"} 25 >>> info.update(b) 26 >>> info 27 {‘stu1102‘: ‘龙泽萝拉‘, 1: 2, 3: 4, ‘stu1103‘: ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘, ‘stu1106‘: ‘Alex‘} 28 29 #items 30 info.items() 31 dict_items([(‘stu1102‘, ‘龙泽萝拉‘), (1, 2), (3, 4), (‘stu1103‘, ‘XiaoZe Maliya‘), (‘stu1106‘, ‘Alex‘)]) 32 33 34 #通过一个列表生成默认dict,有个没办法解释的坑，少用吧这个 35 >>> dict.fromkeys([1,2,3],‘testd‘) 36 {1: ‘testd‘, 2: ‘testd‘, 3: ‘testd‘}
循环字典
#方法1 for key in info: print(key,info[key]) #方法2 for k,v in info.items(): #会先把dict转成list,数据里大时莫用 print(k,v)
练习参考python圣地购物车系统。
标签：item 转换 isp list 最大的 int res ping sla
原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/liulei-primerscript/p/7482229.html
