标签：ges password 用户管理 mysql多实例 sql cin cli files 方法
一、MySQL多实例介绍
一台服务器上开启多个不同的服务端口（3306，33307,3308），运行多个MySQL服务进程，共用一套MySQL安装程序,多实例MySQL在逻辑上看是各自独立的
1、多实例主从复制原理图
2、优点
①有效利用服务器资源
②节约服务器资源
③资源互相抢占问题，其中一个实例并发很高或者慢查询，其它实例也受影响
3、应用场景
①公司资金紧缺
②并发访问不是特别大的业务
③门户网站应用MySQL多实例场景，一般是从库
4、MySQL多实例常见配置方案
①多配置文件、多启动程序的方案（常用）
②单一配置文件、单一启动程序多实例方案（一个配置文件，不好管理，耦合度太高，）
二、MySQL多实例部署
1、环境
[root@MySQL ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 6.9 (Final) [root@MySQL ~]# uname -r 2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64 [root@MySQL ~]# hostname -I 172.19.5.54 172.16.1.54
2、安装MySQL
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql cd /server/tools tar xf mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz mv mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.6.36 ln -s /application/mysql-5.6.36/ /application/mysql chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql
3、配置多实例启动命令和配置文件目录
mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data
4、unzip data.zip 在/下直接解压覆盖/data目录(注：data.zip是打包好的多实例配置文件、数据、启动命令)
[root@MySQL data]# tree
.
├── 3306
│ ├── data #3306实例数据文件目录
│ ├── my.cnf #3306实例配置文件
│ └── mysql #3306实例启动命令
└── 3307
├── data #3307实例数据文件目录
├── my.cnf #3307实例配置文件
└── mysql #3307实例启动命令
5、授权mysql用户管理/data目录
chown -R mysql.mysql /data
6、授权mysql命令执行权限
find /data -type f -name "mysql"|xargs chmod +x
7、配置mysql命令启动环境变量
方法一：
ln -s /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/ 方法二： echo ‘export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH‘ >>/etc/profile source /etc/profile
8、初始化多实例数据库
cd /application/mysql/scripts/ ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3306/data/ --user=mysql #初始化数据库3306 ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3307/data/ --user=mysql #初始化数据库3307
9、MySQL多实例服务启动
#启动服务 /data/3306/mysql start /data/3307/mysql start [root@MySQL data]# netstat -lntup|grep 330 tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3848/mysqld tcp 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 4885/mysqld
10、MySQL多实例设置密码及登录
#设置密码： mysqladmin -uroot password 123456 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock mysqladmin -uroot password 123456 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock #登录数据库，指定sock mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
三、MySQL多实例配置文件
|
/data/3306/my.cnf [client] port = 3306 socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock datadir = /data/3306/data
open_files_limit = 1024 back_log = 600 max_connections = 800 max_connect_errors = 3000 table_open_cache = 512 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet =8M sort_buffer_size = 1M join_buffer_size = 1M thread_cache_size = 100 thread_concurrency = 2 query_cache_size = 2M query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k thread_stack = 192K tmp_table_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 2M long_query_time = 1 pid-file = /data/3306/mysql.pid log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin relay-log = /data/3306/relay-bin relay-log-info-file = /data/3306/relay-log.info binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_size = 2M expire_logs_days = 7 key_buffer_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M lower_case_table_names = 1 skip-name-resolve slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062 replicate-ignore-db=mysql server-id = 4 |
/data/3307/my.cnf [client] port = 3307 socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3307 socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock datadir = /data/3307/data
open_files_limit = 1024 back_log = 600 max_connections = 800 max_connect_errors = 3000 table_open_cache = 512 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet =8M sort_buffer_size = 1M join_buffer_size = 1M thread_cache_size = 100 thread_concurrency = 2 query_cache_size = 2M query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k thread_stack = 192K tmp_table_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 2M long_query_time = 1 pid-file = /data/3307/mysql.pid relay-log = /data/3307/relay-bin relay-log-info-file = /data/3307/relay-log.info binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_size = 2M expire_logs_days = 7 key_buffer_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M
lower_case_table_names = 1 skip-name-resolve slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062 replicate-ignore-db=mysql server-id = 5 |
说明：对比两个配置文件之后，可以发现除了端口、server-id不一样，3306开启了log-bin功能，这样可以做MySQL主复制
四、MySQL多实例启动命令脚本
#!/bin/sh #init port=3306 mysql_user="root" mysql_pwd="123456" CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin" mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock" #startup function function_start_mysql() { if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "Starting MySQL...\n" /bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null & else printf "MySQL is running...\n" exit fi } #stop function function_stop_mysql() { if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "MySQL is stopped...\n" exit else printf "Stoping MySQL...\n" ${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown fi } #restart function function_restart_mysql() { printf "Restarting MySQL...\n" function_stop_mysql sleep 2 function_start_mysql } case $1 in start) function_start_mysql ;; stop) function_stop_mysql ;; restart) function_restart_mysql ;; *) printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql {start|stop|restart}\n" esac
五、遇到的错误
1、[ERROR] Plugin ‘InnoDB‘ init function returned error
删除MySQL目录下的ib_logfile0和ib_logfile1两个文件，就可以解决问题了
2、5.5.32——>5.6.36配置参数不对导致多实例无法启动
table_cache——>table_open_cache = 512(5.6改名了)
六、生产环境多实例配置环境
1、一般在1-4个实例之间居多，1-2个最多，大业务占用的机器比较多，机器R510居多，CPU是E5210，48G内存，硬盘12*300G SAS,RAID10
2、内存32G，双cpu8核，硬盘6X600G，跑2-3个实例
标签：ges password 用户管理 mysql多实例 sql cin cli files 方法
原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/yanxinjiang/p/7778029.html
