本文使用springboot+mybatis＋SpringSecurity 实现数据库动态的管理用户、角色、权限管理

本文细分角色和权限，并将用户、角色、权限和资源均采用数据库存储，并且自定义滤器，代替原有的FilterSecurityInterceptor过滤器， 
并分别实现AccessDecisionManager、InvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService和UserDetailsService，并在配置文件中进行相应配置。

spring security的简单原理：

使用众多的拦截器对url拦截，以此来管理权限。但是这么多拦截器，笔者不可能对其一一来讲，主要讲里面核心流程的两个。

首先，权限管理离不开登陆验证的，所以登陆验证拦截器AuthenticationProcessingFilter要讲； 
还有就是对访问的资源管理吧，所以资源管理拦截器AbstractSecurityInterceptor要讲；

但拦截器里面的实现需要一些组件来实现，所以就有了AuthenticationManager、accessDecisionManager等组件来支撑。

现在先大概过一遍整个流程，用户登陆，会被AuthenticationProcessingFilter拦截，调用AuthenticationManager的实现，而且AuthenticationManager会调用ProviderManager来获取用户验证信息（不同的Provider调用的服务不同，因为这些信息可以是在数据库上，可以是在LDAP服务器上，可以是xml配置文件上等），如果验证通过后会将用户的权限信息封装一个User放到spring的全局缓存SecurityContextHolder中，以备后面访问资源时使用。 
访问资源（即授权管理），访问url时，会通过AbstractSecurityInterceptor拦截器拦截，其中会调用FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource的方法来获取被拦截url所需的全部权限，在调用授权管理器AccessDecisionManager，这个授权管理器会通过spring的全局缓存SecurityContextHolder获取用户的权限信息，还会获取被拦截的url和被拦截url所需的全部权限，然后根据所配的策略（有：一票决定，一票否定，少数服从多数等），如果权限足够，则返回，权限不够则报错并调用权限不足页面。

重要

本文设计和代码是基于 上一篇博客（请点击）

springboot+mybatis＋SpringSecurity 实现用户角色数据库管理

进行修改。

本文目录： 
1：数据库表设计 
2：权限表的业务 
3：springSecurity 配置修改 
4：修改home.html 文件 
5：修改HomeController.java 文件 
6：测试检验

目录结构如下：

1：数据库表设计

由于本文增加了权限表所以本文的数据库表为5个分别是： 用户表、角色表、权限表、用户角色中间表、角色权限中间表

初始化数据

    注意：Sys_permission 表的url通配符为两颗星，比如说 /user下的所有url，应该写成 /user/**;
    权限的名字可以随意起名

insert into SYS_USER (id,username, password) values (1,‘admin‘, ‘admin‘);
insert into SYS_USER (id,username, password) values (2,‘abel‘, ‘abel‘);

insert into SYS_ROLE(id,name) values(1,‘ROLE_ADMIN‘);
insert into SYS_ROLE(id,name) values(2,‘ROLE_USER‘);

insert into SYS_ROLE_USER(SYS_USER_ID,ROLES_ID) values(1,1);
insert into SYS_ROLE_USER(SYS_USER_ID,ROLES_ID) values(2,2);

BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `Sys_permission` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘ROLE_HOME‘, ‘home‘, ‘/‘, null), (‘2‘, ‘ROLE_ADMIN‘, ‘ABel‘, ‘/admin‘, null);
COMMIT;

BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `Sys_permission_role` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘1‘, ‘1‘), (‘2‘, ‘1‘, ‘2‘), (‘3‘, ‘2‘, ‘1‘);
COMMIT;

2：权限表的业务代码

2.1 java bean

Permission.java

package com.us.example.domain;

/**
 * Created by yangyibo on 17/1/20.
 */
public class Permission {

    private int id;
    //权限名称
    private String name;

    //权限描述
    private String descritpion;

    //授权链接
    private String url;

    //父节点id
    private int pid;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getDescritpion() {
        return descritpion;
    }

    public void setDescritpion(String descritpion) {
        this.descritpion = descritpion;
    }

    public String getUrl() {
        return url;
    }

    public void setUrl(String url) {
        this.url = url;
    }

    public int getPid() {
        return pid;
    }

    public void setPid(int pid) {
        this.pid = pid;
    }
}

2.2 dao 层

在 com.us.example.dao 包下新建PermissionDao.java 文件。

PermissionDao.java

package com.us.example.dao;
import com.us.example.config.MyBatisRepository;
import com.us.example.domain.Permission;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by yangyibo on 17/1/20.
 */
public interface PermissionDao {
    public List<Permission> findAll();
    public List<Permission> findByAdminUserId(int userId);
}

在src/resource/mapper目录下新建对应的mapper.xml 文件

PermissionDaoMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.us.example.dao.PermissionDao">
<select id="findAll"  resultType="com.us.example.domain.Permission">

   SELECT * from Sys_permission ;
</select>

 <select id="findByAdminUserId" parameterType="int" resultType="com.us.example.domain.Permission">
      select p.*
        from Sys_User u
        LEFT JOIN sys_role_user sru on u.id= sru.Sys_User_id
        LEFT JOIN Sys_Role r on sru.Sys_Role_id=r.id
        LEFT JOIN Sys_permission_role spr on spr.role_id=r.id
        LEFT JOIN Sys_permission p on p.id =spr.permission_id
        where u.id=#{userId}
 </select>
 </mapper>

3：springSecurity 配置修改

3.1 修改 WebSecurityConfig.java

修改com.us.example.config包下的 WebSecurityConfig.java 文件如下：

package com.us.example.config;

import com.us.example.service.CustomUserService;
import com.us.example.service.MyFilterSecurityInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor;

/**
 * Created by yangyibo on 17/1/18.
 */


@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private MyFilterSecurityInterceptor myFilterSecurityInterceptor;



        @Bean
    UserDetailsService customUserService(){ //注册UserDetailsService 的bean
        return new CustomUserService();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(customUserService()); //user Details Service验证

    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .anyRequest().authenticated() //任何请求,登录后可以访问
                .and()
                .formLogin()
                .loginPage("/login")
                .failureUrl("/login?error")
                .permitAll() //登录页面用户任意访问
                .and()
                .logout().permitAll(); //注销行为任意访问
        http.addFilterBefore(myFilterSecurityInterceptor, FilterSecurityInterceptor.class);
    }
}

3.2 修改CustomUserService

修改CustomUserService.java 内容如下：

package com.us.example.service;

import com.us.example.dao.PermissionDao;
import com.us.example.dao.UserDao;
import com.us.example.domain.Permission;
import com.us.example.domain.SysRole;
import com.us.example.domain.SysUser;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by yangyibo on 17/1/18.
 */
@Service
public class CustomUserService implements UserDetailsService { //自定义UserDetailsService 接口

    @Autowired
    UserDao userDao;
    @Autowired
    PermissionDao permissionDao;

    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) {
        SysUser user = userDao.findByUserName(username);
        if (user != null) {
            List<Permission> permissions = permissionDao.findByAdminUserId(user.getId());
            List<GrantedAuthority> grantedAuthorities = new ArrayList <>();
            for (Permission permission : permissions) {
                if (permission != null && permission.getName()!=null) {

                GrantedAuthority grantedAuthority = new SimpleGrantedAuthority(permission.getName());
                //1：此处将权限信息添加到 GrantedAuthority 对象中，在后面进行全权限验证时会使用GrantedAuthority 对象。
                grantedAuthorities.add(grantedAuthority);
                }
            }
            return new User(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), grantedAuthorities);
        } else {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("admin: " + username + " do not exist!");
        }
    }

}

3.3 新增MyAccessDecisionManager

在com.us.example.service 包下新增 
MyAccessDecisionManager.java 文件

package com.us.example.service;

import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDecisionManager;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.InsufficientAuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;

/**
 * Created by yangyibo on 17/1/19.
 */
@Service
public class MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager {

  // decide 方法是判定是否拥有权限的决策方法，
  //authentication 是释CustomUserService中循环添加到 GrantedAuthority 对象中的权限信息集合.
  //object 包含客户端发起的请求的requset信息，可转换为 HttpServletRequest request = ((FilterInvocation) object).getHttpRequest();
  //configAttributes 为MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource的getAttributes(Object object)这个方法返回的结果，此方法是为了判定用户请求的url 是否在权限表中，如果在权限表中，则返回给 decide 方法，用来判定用户是否有此权限。如果不在权限表中则放行。
    @Override
    public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object, Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException {

        if(null== configAttributes || configAttributes.size() <=0) {
            return;
        }
        ConfigAttribute c;
        String needRole;
        for(Iterator<ConfigAttribute> iter = configAttributes.iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
            c = iter.next();
            needRole = c.getAttribute();
            for(GrantedAuthority ga : authentication.getAuthorities()) {//authentication 为在注释1 中循环添加到 GrantedAuthority 对象中的权限信息集合
                if(needRole.trim().equals(ga.getAuthority())) {
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
        throw new AccessDeniedException("no right");
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
        return true;
    }
}

3.4 新增 MyFilterSecurityInterceptor

在com.us.example.service 包下新增 
MyFilterSecurityInterceptor.java 文件

package com.us.example.service;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityMetadataSource;
import org.springframework.security.access.intercept.AbstractSecurityInterceptor;
import org.springframework.security.access.intercept.InterceptorStatusToken;
import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * Created by yangyibo on 17/1/19.
 */
@Service
public class MyFilterSecurityInterceptor extends AbstractSecurityInterceptor implements Filter {


    @Autowired
    private FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource;

    @Autowired
    public void setMyAccessDecisionManager(MyAccessDecisionManager myAccessDecisionManager) {
        super.setAccessDecisionManager(myAccessDecisionManager);
    }


    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {

        FilterInvocation fi = new FilterInvocation(request, response, chain);
        invoke(fi);
    }


    public void invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException, ServletException {
//fi里面有一个被拦截的url
//里面调用MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource的getAttributes(Object object)这个方法获取fi对应的所有权限
//再调用MyAccessDecisionManager的decide方法来校验用户的权限是否足够
        InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);
        try {
//执行下一个拦截器
            fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());
        } finally {
            super.afterInvocation(token, null);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }

    @Override
    public Class<?> getSecureObjectClass() {
        return FilterInvocation.class;
    }

    @Override
    public SecurityMetadataSource obtainSecurityMetadataSource() {
        return this.securityMetadataSource;
    }
}

3.5 新增 MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService

在com.us.example.service 包下新增MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService.java文件

package com.us.example.service;

import com.us.example.dao.PermissionDao;
import com.us.example.domain.Permission;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityConfig;
import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.AntPathRequestMatcher;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.*;

/**
 * Created by yangyibo on 17/1/19.
 */
@Service
public class MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService  implements
        FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource {

    @Autowired
    private PermissionDao permissionDao;

    private HashMap<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> map =null;

    /**
     * 加载权限表中所有权限
     */
    public void loadResourceDefine(){
        map = new HashMap<>();
        Collection<ConfigAttribute> array;
        ConfigAttribute cfg;
        List<Permission> permissions = permissionDao.findAll();
        for(Permission permission : permissions) {
            array = new ArrayList<>();
            cfg = new SecurityConfig(permission.getName());
            //此处只添加了用户的名字，其实还可以添加更多权限的信息，例如请求方法到ConfigAttribute的集合中去。此处添加的信息将会作为MyAccessDecisionManager类的decide的第三个参数。
            array.add(cfg);
            //用权限的getUrl() 作为map的key，用ConfigAttribute的集合作为 value，
            map.put(permission.getUrl(), array);
        }

    }

//此方法是为了判定用户请求的url 是否在权限表中，如果在权限表中，则返回给 decide 方法，用来判定用户是否有此权限。如果不在权限表中则放行。
    @Override
    public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAttributes(Object object) throws IllegalArgumentException {
        if(map ==null) loadResourceDefine();
        //object 中包含用户请求的request 信息
        HttpServletRequest request = ((FilterInvocation) object).getHttpRequest();
        AntPathRequestMatcher matcher;
        String resUrl;
        for(Iterator<String> iter = map.keySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
            resUrl = iter.next();
            matcher = new AntPathRequestMatcher(resUrl);
            if(matcher.matches(request)) {
                return map.get(resUrl);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAllConfigAttributes() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
        return true;
    }
}

4：修改home.html 文件

修改src/resources/templates目录下 的home.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" 
      xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4">
<head>
<meta content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/>
<title sec:authentication="name"></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{css/bootstrap.min.css}" />
<style type="text/css">
body {
  padding-top: 50px;
}
.starter-template {
  padding: 40px 15px;
  text-align: center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
     <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
      <div class="container">
        <div class="navbar-header">
          <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Spring Security演示</a>
        </div>
        <div id="navbar" class="collapse navbar-collapse">
          <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
           <li><a th:href="@{/}"> 首页 </a></li>
              <li><a th:href="@{/admin}"> admin </a></li>
          </ul>
        </div><!--/.nav-collapse -->
      </div>
    </nav>


     <div class="container">

      <div class="starter-template">
        <h1 th:text="${msg.title}"></h1>

        <p class="bg-primary" th:text="${msg.content}"></p>

        <div sec:authorize="hasRole(‘ROLE_HOME‘)"> <!-- 用户类型为ROLE_ADMIN 显示 -->
            <p class="bg-info" th:text="${msg.etraInfo}"></p>
        </div>
          <div sec:authorize="hasRole(‘ROLE_ADMIN‘)"> <!-- 用户类型为ROLE_ADMIN 显示 -->
              <p class="bg-info">恭喜您,您有 ROLE_ADMIN 权限 </p>
          </div>

          <form th:action="@{/logout}" method="post">
            <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="注销"/>
        </form>
      </div>

    </div>


</body>
</html>

5：修改HomeController.java 文件

package com.us.example.controller;

import com.us.example.domain.Msg;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

/**
 * Created by yangyibo on 17/1/18.
 */
@Controller
public class HomeController {

    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String index(Model model){
        Msg msg =  new Msg("测试标题","测试内容","欢迎来到HOME页面,您拥有 ROLE_HOME 权限");
        model.addAttribute("msg", msg);
        return "home";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/admin")
    @ResponseBody
    public String hello(){
        return "hello admin";
    }
}

6.测试检验

启动访问 http://localhost:8080/ 到登录页面

由于数据库的配置 admin 用户拥有 访问 home和admin 页面的权限。 
abel 用户只有访问 home 的权限

使用admin 登录

点击 admin 按钮 会反回结果 “hello admin“

使用abel 用户登录 点击 点击 admin 按钮 页面会报403

源码地址：https://github.com/527515025/springBoot

参考资料： 
http://www.tuicool.com/articles/jq6fuur#c-23220 
http://blog.csdn.net/u012367513/article/details/38866465